XPS分析中使用样品磁透镜引起的谱峰位移和峰形畸变

发现当使用Mg/Al双阳极和样品磁透镜进行非导电样品（或与样品托绝缘的导电样品）的X射线光电子能谱分析时，谱峰出现异常大的位移和谱形出现畸变；在同时使用电子中和枪时谱峰位移变小，当导电样品与样品托有良好的电接触时谱峰位移消失；作者提出这种异常大的位移来自样品荷电效应，后者是由于样品磁透镜的磁场与来自X射线枪A1窗的低能杂散电子发生了相互作用并使这些杂散电子不能到达样品表面起中和作用所致。     

Ionic Liquids for and by Analytical Spectroscopy

Abstract

In this mini‐review we highlight two aspects of ionic liquids that to date have either no or limited studies. They are (1) exploitation of unique features of ionic liquids to develop novel spectroscopic methods and (2) development of novel spectroscopic methods, for the sensitive and accurate determination of thermal physical properties of ionic liquids. In the first category, we will describe several novel methods which were developed utilizing unique properties of ionic liquids for measurements which are not possible otherwise. They include the sensitive and accurate method to determine enantiomeric compositions of a variety of pharmaceutical products with different size, shape, and functional groups. This method is based on the use of a chiral IL which serves both as a solvent and also as a chiral selector. Ionic liquids have also been successfully used to substantially enhance the sensitivity of thermal lens measurements. In the second category, we will describe recent development in which transient grating technique and thermal lens technique have been successfully used for the sensitive, accurate, nondestructive determination of thermal physical properties of ILs.     

高光束质量CO2激光焊接、切割机的光学系统

介绍了一种实用型高功率、高光束质量CO2激光焊接、切割机,分析其光学系统.激光器采用三折谐振腔结构并进行小孔光阑选模,额定输出功率3kW,功率不稳定度不大于±4%,光束发散角全角约为1.6mrad,为TEM00与TEM01的混合模式;三工位光路转换器的使用,提高了工作效率,增加了加工的灵活性;根据焊接和切割具体要求,设计了透镜聚焦和离轴抛物面反射聚焦两种光束的聚焦方式.实验研究表明,该设备具良好的焊接、切割性能.     

折衍混合大相对孔径红外物镜设计

本文设计了焦距50mm,波段为8～12 μm,F数达0.8,全视场10°的适用于非制冷焦平面阵列探测器的红外物镜.分别设计了四片全折射式和三片折衍混合式两种镜头.从两个镜头来看,折衍混合式不仅在体积上小于全折射系统,同时在成像质量和色差上(从10.1μm降至0.8μm)也优于全折射系统.     

光子晶体平板透镜表面减反结构

报道了用来抑制光子晶体平板透镜表面反射的优化表面结构.当入射角小于48°,透镜的表面反射率可降到0.3%以下.     

全息双频光栅及其应用

本文介绍全息双频光栅用于光场相干性,透镜几何象差,物体表面形状和物体振动等测量方面的原理,并给出相应的实验结果。     

高峰值功率自准直脉冲Nd:YAG激光加工无锥度直孔研究

利用改进的脉冲Nd:YAG激光器,对激光冲击打孔加工无锥度直孔进行了实验研究。在优化激光脉冲峰值功率和脉冲能量、辅助气压参数的基础上,通过比较实验证明,能量递增组合脉冲是实现无锥度直孔加工的有效方式,增加脉冲组合中脉冲的个数可加工出负锥度的孔;激光焦点位置是影响孔锥度的重要因素,焦点位于材料表面上方1.1~1.7 mm有利于减小锥度。在厚度为1.5,3.0 mm的镍基高温合金材料上,获得孔径分别为480,510μm的直孔,重复打孔孔径误差约30μm,孔锥度<1%。给出了可实用于激光冲击打孔的直孔加工方法和脉冲激光器,并可用于其他材料的加工。     

薄膜沉积法制作菲涅耳透镜

衍射光学元件在国防、生产及科研等领域起着为越重要的作用。衍射光学元件的制作技术主要包括激光或电子束直写、反应离子刻蚀、离子束铣及薄膜沉积。薄膜沉积法具有精确控制台阶高度及台阶表面较光滑的优点。使用薄膜沉积法制作１６阶菲涅耳透镜,用它代替常规的光学透镜可实现系统的轻量化、小型化、增加系统设计的自由度,屯菲涅耳透镜的衍射效率并分析产生误差的原因。     

面阵热红外相机镜头畸变校正靶标研究

针对可见光相机校正靶标不适用于热红外相机的问题,研究了红外辐射理论与热红外相机探测原理,提出发射率和太阳辐射吸收率两个靶标选材依据参数,对多种材料进行热红外成像试验,得到适合制作热红外靶标的黑色氧化铝板和镀镍铝板两类材料。所选材料制作的靶标材质轻便,热红外成像边界清晰、DN值差异明显,满足校正程序对靶标交点提取准确性的要求。研究成果为热红外面阵相机镜头畸变校正的靶标制作提供重要参考,对面阵热红外航空遥感成像技术起到一定的推进作用。     

Design of Large-aperture and Wide-band Optical Lens

The design of a large-aperture and wide-band optical lens for camera is presented. By utilizing the atmospheric window of infrared light, clear images can be achieved in the dark or poor visibility conditions. To use near-infrared and visible light to obtain images, the charge coupled device(CCD) is adopted as the image sensor of the lens with the center wavelength of 880 nm, which operates at the wavelength range from 400 nm to 1 000 nm. After calculating the parameters of optical lens, Sunnah type is selected as the initial structure. Through the optimization of optical design software ZEMAX, the lens obtains an excellent imaging performance. The modulation transfer function(MTF) can be more than 0.3 at the spatial frequency of 110 lp/mm, and the maximum distortion can be less than 0.1%.