Inclusion Size Distribution and Endurance Limit of a Hard Steel

High cycle fatigue failure of hard steels is dominated by a long crack initiation phase and a short crack propagation phase. The crack initiation sites are inclusions or surface defects. Due to this, the endurace probability of a hard steel part depends on its crack initiating inclusion size or surface defect size distribution. These consideration lead to the weakest-link concept which allows to calculate local and total endurance probabilities of the cycled parts. From these probabilities, the endurance limit and the probable crack initiation sites can be predicted. Base of the prediction is the knowledge of the endurance limits under three different load conditions. From these data and fracture-mechanic relations for the different inclusion types, the distributions of the crack initiating inclusion sizes can be predicted.     

电缆用高分子材料电气性能的探讨

高分子材料的电气性能是由高分子材料内部结构决定的,用于不同的电压等级和使用环境的电缆在考核电缆用高分子材料的电气性能时,应有针对性地进行参数指标考核。     

模拟酸雨腐蚀下预应力混凝土梁的抗弯性能研究

为了探讨酸雨腐蚀环境对预应力混凝土梁抗弯性能的影响,制作了8根预应力混凝土梁,从混凝土强度等级、预应力度和钢绞线腐蚀率等方面,进行8根预应力混凝土梁的三分点静载试验。试验结果及分析表明,混凝土强度对屈服后试验梁的抗弯性能影响较大,对弹性阶段的刚度影响较小;随着预应力度的增加,试验梁的开裂荷载逐渐增大,进入裂缝阶段后,刚度下降速度逐渐加快;钢绞线腐蚀率越大,试验梁的极限抗弯承载力越低;腐蚀率在一定范围内（>3.22%）,随着腐蚀率的增大,预应力混凝土梁试件的开裂弯矩、屈服弯矩和极限弯矩明显降低。根据试验结果,提出了模拟酸雨环境下预应力混凝土梁试件抗弯承载力的计算方法,同时采用ANSYS软件对预应力混凝土梁进行非线性有限元分析,将试验梁的计算值和模拟值与试验值进行比较,均吻合较好。     

A free rectangular plate on elastic foundation

This article will discuss the bending problems of the rectangular plates with free boundaries on elastic foundations. We talk over the two cases, that is, the plate acted on its center by a concentrated force and the plate subjected to by a concentrated force equally at four corner points respectively. We select a fiexural function which satisfies not only all the geometric boundary conditions on free edges wholly but also the boundary conditions of the total internal forces. We apply the variational method meanwhile and then obtain better approximate solutions.     

弹性地基上的自由边矩形板

本文讨论了在弹性地基上的自由边矩形板的弯曲问题.我们讨论了两种情形,诸如在板的中心受到一集中力作用和在板的四个角点上各受到一相等的集中力作用.文中选择了一个挠曲函数,它不但能满足所有自由边上的全部几何边界条件,而且也满足所有的内力边界条件.同时,我们应用了变分法,从而得到了较好的近似解答.     

三层挠性覆铜板的耐折性研究

挠性覆铜板（FCCL）的挠曲性直接影响着最终电子产品使用可靠性。耐折性是一种评价挠性覆铜板挠曲可靠性的一种快速手段。通过对三层FCCL的各结构对耐折性的影响的研究，对提高FPC结构的挠曲性和对FPC的选材提供有用的参考依据。     

固体材料拉伸波速的共振法测量

文章系统论述了利用弯曲共振和纵向共振两种方式测量拉伸波速的方法，作者改进了传统的纵向共振测试装置，指出了两种方式各自的适用性．在理论上纵向共振方法更为严谨，且误差来源较少，从而具有较高测量精度，实验上测量操作更为方便．     

黏性介质中圆截面弹性细杆的平面振动

讨论圆截面弹性细杆在黏性介质中的平面振动. 基于Kirchhoff理论，以杆中心线的Frenet坐标系为参考系，建立其动力学方程，杆中心线为任意平面曲线时，其扭转振动与弯曲振动解耦. 讨论两端固定条件下任意形状杆的平面扭转振动，以及无扭转的轴向受压直杆和圆环杆的平面弯曲振动，导出其自由振动频率和阻尼系数. 证明空间域内压杆的Lyapunov稳定性和欧拉稳定性条件为时域内渐近稳定性的充分必要条件，或无阻尼压杆的稳定性必要条件. 圆环杆平衡恒满足渐近稳定性条件. 关键词： 弹性细杆 黏性介质 扭转振动 弯曲振动     

Research in the flexural buckling modes of a cylindrical sandwich shell under the action of a temperature field inhomogeneous across its thickness

A solution to the problem on the stability according to the flexural buckling mode is given for a cylindrical sandwich shell with a transversely soft core of arbitrary thickness. The shell is under the action of a temperature field inhomogeneous across the thickness, and its end faces are fastened in such a way (in the axial direction, the face sections of the external layer are fixed, but of the internal one are free) that an inhomogeneous subcritical stress-strain state arises in the shell across the thickness of its layers. It is shown that, under such conditions, the buckling mode of the shell is mixed flexural. To reveal and investigate this mode, equations of subcritical equilibrium and stability of a corresponding degree of accuracy are needed.Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 40, No. 6, pp. 715–730, November–December, 2004.     

Macromechanical Characteristics Deduced from Three-Point Flexure Tests on Unidirectional Carbon/Epoxy Composites

Effects of different factors on the measured values of flexural modulus and flexural strength of unidirectional carbon/epoxy composites are investigated. This allows a correct interpretation of the results of flexural macromechanical properties obtained in three-point flexure tests. The shear deformation, the displacement of neutral axis from the mid-depth of the beam, and the nonuniform distribution of stresses in bent coupons are discussed.