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101.
Nikolaus M. Loening Barth‐Jan van Rossum Hartmut Oschkinat 《Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC》2012,50(4):284-288
In nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, experimental limits due to the radiofrequency transmitter and/or coil means that conventional radiofrequency pulses (“hard pulses”) are sometimes not sufficiently powerful to excite magnetization uniformly over a desired range of frequencies. Effects due to nonuniform excitation are most frequently encountered at high magnetic fields for nuclei with a large range of chemical shifts. Using optimal control theory, we have designed broadband excitation pulses that are suitable for solid‐state samples under magic‐angle‐spinning conditions. These pulses are easy to implement, robust to spinning frequency variations, and radiofrequency inhomogeneities, and only four times as long as a corresponding hard pulse. The utility of these pulses for uniformly exciting 13C nuclei is demonstrated on a 900 MHz (21.1 T) spectrometer. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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本文首先对过欠压保护器硬件进行了设计,包括电源电路、采集电路和磁保持单线圈继电器驱动电路。随后用IAR visualSTATE状态机软件对整个系统软件进行了设计,编写了输入输出相关事件和动作的API接口函数代码。IAR visualSTATE可以自行产生代码,ROM、RAM消耗量小,非常适宜嵌入式应用,开发完成后可以生成相关文档,便于日后软件维护和升级,大大缩小产品上市时间。 相似文献
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Agathe Szkola Katrina Campbell Christopher T. Elliott Reinhard Niessner Michael Seidel 《Analytica chimica acta》2013
A novel multiplexed immunoassay for the analysis of phycotoxins in shellfish samples has been developed. Therefore, a regenerable chemiluminescence (CL) microarray was established which is able to analyze automatically three different phycotoxins (domoic acid (DA), okadaic acid (OA) and saxitoxin (STX)) in parallel on the analysis platform MCR3. As a test format an indirect competitive immunoassay format was applied. These phycotoxins were directly immobilized on an epoxy-activated PEG chip surface. The parallel analysis was enabled by the simultaneous addition of all analytes and specific antibodies on one microarray chip. After the competitive reaction, the CL signal was recorded by a CCD camera. Due to the ability to regenerate the toxin microarray, internal calibrations of phycotoxins in parallel were performed using the same microarray chip, which was suitable for 25 consecutive measurements. For the three target phycotoxins multi-analyte calibration curves were generated. In extracted shellfish matrix, the determined LODs for DA, OA and STX with values of 0.5 ± 0.3 μg L−1, 1.0 ± 0.6 μg L−1, and 0.4 ± 0.2 μg L−1 were slightly lower than in PBS buffer. For determination of toxin recoveries, the observed signal loss in the regeneration was corrected. After applying mathematical corrections spiked shellfish samples were quantified with recoveries for DA, OA, and STX of 86.2%, 102.5%, and 61.6%, respectively, in 20 min. This is the first demonstration of an antibody based phycotoxin microarray. 相似文献
109.
《合成通讯》2013,43(9):1203-1208
Abstract A new and efficient solid‐state method for the preparation of thiohydantoins is reported. With this method, twelve thiohydantoin compounds have been synthesized in good to excellent yields (81–92%). In addition, this method has the advantages of high yields, a cleaner reaction, simple methodology, and short reaction times. 相似文献
110.
《Journal of carbohydrate chemistry》2013,32(7-8):593-601
The crystal structure of methyl α‐d‐mannofuranoside was determined by X‐ray crystallography. The C‐1–C‐2, C‐2–C‐3, C‐3–C‐4, C‐4–O and O‐4–C‐1 distances within the furanoside ring are 1.513(2), 1.523(2), 1.516(2), 1.445(2) and 1.422(2) Å, respectively. The hydrogen bonding consists of O–H–O interactions which include the anomeric oxygen but exclude the ring oxygen atom. The two hydroxyls OH‐6 and OH‐2 are H‐bond acceptors and donors with H···O distances of 1.92–1.93 Å, whereas the OH‐3 and OH‐5 are only H‐bond donor [H···O distance of 2.04(2) Å]. Additionally, OH‐6 participates in a weak hydrogen bond to the anomeric oxygen [H···O distance of 2.19(3) Å]. The crystalline methyl α‐d‐mannofuranoside adopts an 3 E ring conformation. The analysis of 13C CPMAS NMR chemical shifts for solid methyl α‐d‐mannofuranoside confirm such H‐bonding pattern. 相似文献