全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1040篇 |
免费 | 69篇 |
国内免费 | 25篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 343篇 |
晶体学 | 5篇 |
力学 | 130篇 |
综合类 | 5篇 |
数学 | 181篇 |
物理学 | 372篇 |
无线电 | 98篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 9篇 |
2022年 | 28篇 |
2021年 | 32篇 |
2020年 | 32篇 |
2019年 | 19篇 |
2018年 | 33篇 |
2017年 | 30篇 |
2016年 | 42篇 |
2015年 | 44篇 |
2014年 | 35篇 |
2013年 | 79篇 |
2012年 | 34篇 |
2011年 | 58篇 |
2010年 | 33篇 |
2009年 | 59篇 |
2008年 | 70篇 |
2007年 | 54篇 |
2006年 | 39篇 |
2005年 | 46篇 |
2004年 | 43篇 |
2003年 | 35篇 |
2002年 | 33篇 |
2001年 | 52篇 |
2000年 | 31篇 |
1999年 | 24篇 |
1998年 | 11篇 |
1997年 | 20篇 |
1996年 | 14篇 |
1995年 | 15篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 11篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 9篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1134条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
乏燃料贮存格架是核电厂贮存乏燃料的重要设备,在满载条件下和地震/跌落事故中,都应保持稳定和安全状态.本文基于LS-DYNA对乏燃料贮存格架进行了跌落事故冲击分析,考虑了最重重物从可能最高处意外跌落的情况.分析时考虑了碰撞、几何大变形、材料非线性等非线性因素.分析发现,浅跌落情况下贮存格架变形较大,但为局部变形,冲击载荷不影响贮存格架的安全功能.深跌落情况下,组件跌落在支座上方时支座承受的载荷最大,并在许用载荷范围内.为确保核电厂安全性和可靠性,基于分析得到的现象,设计和开展了乏燃料贮存格架浅跌落和深跌落试验.试验采用了等比例贮存腔和真实燃料组件的管座.同时对试验件进行了跌落分析,并与试验结果进行了对比,验证了分析技术的保守性和准确性.掌握的分析技术可应用于所有压水堆核电站乏燃料贮存格架的跌落事故分析. 相似文献
2.
B. D. Ripley 《Queueing Systems》1988,3(3):201-220
Simulation is a widely used methodology for queueing systems. Its superficial simplicity hides a number of pitfalls which are not all as well known as they should be. In particular simulation experiments need careful design and analysis as well as good presentations of the results. Even the elements of simulation such as the generation of arrival and service times have a chequered history with major problems lying undiscovered for 20 years. On the other hand, good simulation practice can offer much more than is commonly realized. 相似文献
3.
Substance P and hemokinin‐1 were predominantly examined by immunoassays with their limitation to differentiate appropriately between both peptides. The use of liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry is a promising, highly selective alternative. Adsorption processes have been identified in preliminary experiments to play a crucial role in the loss of mass spectrometry intensity of both peptides. Therefore, a design of experiments concept was created to minimize nonspecific peptide adsorption. For this purpose, the most critical influencing parameters—(1) the composition of the injection solvent as well as (2) the most suitable container material—were systematically and concordantly investigated. The addition of modifiers, such as formic acid, dimethyl sulfoxide, and organic solvents, to the injection solvent led to a substantial gain of intensity of substance P and hemokinin‐1 compared to the start gradient as an injection solvent. Furthermore, the systematic investigation underlined the high impact of the container material, demonstrating polypropylene as the most favorable material. A conjoint injection solvent optimum was found to determine both peptides simultaneously by the conduction of a sweet‐spot analysis. The experimental design substantially reduced nonspecific peptide adsorption and enabled the simultaneous and selective determination of endogenous substance P and hemokinin‐1 plasma levels. 相似文献
4.
A. Tsuchida K. Taguchi E. Takyo H. Yoshimi S. Kiriyama T. Okubo M. Ishikawa 《Colloid and polymer science》2000,278(9):872-877
Rate coefficients (k) in the colloidal crystallization of monodispersed silica spheres in the presence of sodium chloride are studied in microgravity
achieved by parabolic flights of an aircraft. Time-resolved reflection spectroscopy is made with a continuous circulating-type
stopped-flow cell system. The k values decrease as the salt concentration increases both at 0 and 1 G and those in microgravity are smaller than those in
normal gravity by 16% (maximum), especially in water and in the presence of a small amount of the salt lower than 2 × 10−6 mol/l. The rates in flight at 1 G are larger by 15% (maximum) compared with those at 1 G on the ground. The k values obtained at 0 G, 1 G in flight and 1 G on the ground agree excellently with each other for the suspensions with 3 × 10−6 and 4 × 10−6 mol/l sodium chloride. Disappearance of the downward diffusion of spheres and no convection of the suspensions are important
for retardation in microgravity.
Received: 20 January 2000 Accepted: 9 March 2000 相似文献
5.
Tsholofelo M. Mapeka Maxleene Sandasi Alvaro M. Viljoen Sandy F. van Vuuren 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(13)
Culinary herbs and spices are known to be good sources of natural antioxidants. Although the antioxidant effects of individual culinary herbs and spices are widely reported, little is known about their effects when used in combination. The current study was therefore undertaken to compare the antioxidant effects of crude extracts and essential oils of some common culinary herbs and spices in various combinations. The antioxidant interactions of 1:1 combinations of the most active individual extracts and essential oils were investigated as well as the optimization of various ratios using the design of experiments (DoE) approach. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays were used to determine the antioxidant activity, and MODDE 9.1® software (Umetrics AB, Umea, Sweden) was used to determine the DoE. The results revealed synergism for the following combinations: Mentha piperita with Thymus vulgaris methanol extract (ΣFIC = 0.32 and ΣFIC = 0.15 using the DPPH and FRAP assays, respectively); Rosmarinus officinalis with Syzygium aromaticum methanol extract (ΣFIC = 0.47 using the FRAP assay); T. vulgaris with Zingiber officinalis methanol extracts (ΣFIC = 0.19 using the ABTS assay); and R. officinalis with Z. officinalis dichloromethane extract (ΣFIC = 0.22 using the ABTS assay). The DoE produced a statistically significant (R2 = 0.905 and Q2 = 0.710) model that was able to predict extract combinations with high antioxidant activities, as validated experimentally. The antioxidant activities of the crude extracts from a selection of culinary herbs and spices were improved when in combination, hence creating an innovative opportunity for the future development of supplements for optimum health. 相似文献
6.
Yan Wang Yilu Zheng Xiaoxue Zhao Bing Li Weiwei Huan 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2019,40(5):686-694
The interaction between coniferyl alcohol (CA) and laccase (LAC) was investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and spectral experiments. The mode of interaction between CA and LAC was established by MD simulations. The micro-environmental changes, stability and rigidity of the LAC-CA system were assessed by relevant parameters. These parameters include root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) and radius of gyration (Rg). The calculated binding free energy (ΔGbinding=??19.99?kcal·mol.?1), the van der waals (VDW) contribution (ΔGvdw=?23.99?kcal·mol?1) and the electrostatic energy (ΔGele=?23.09?kcal·mol?1) of LAC-CA system demonstrated that the interaction of LAC-CA was a spontaneous process and the main interaction forces were van der Waal's and electrostatic forces. The values of ΔGvdw and ΔGele were negative, which demonstrated that VDW interactions and electrostatic interactions were favorable for the binding of CA and LAC. The binding constants, thermodynamic parameters, molecular force types and binding distances confirmed the interaction between CA and LAC and further verified the rationality of the theoretical model by spectral experiments. The MD simulations and experimental approaches provide clues for the discovery of new mediators and useful references for the mechanism of microbial degradation of lignin and industrialization of lignocellulose. 相似文献
7.
《Journal of separation science》2018,41(6):1405-1413
Dextromethorphan is a centrally acting antitussive drug, while its enantiomer levomethorphan is an illicit drug with opioid analgesic effects. As capillary electrophoresis has been proven as an ideal technique for enantiomer analysis, the present study was conducted in order to develop a capillary electrophoresis‐based limit test for levomethorphan. The analytical target profile was defined as a method that should be able to determine levomethorphan with acceptable precision and accuracy at the 0.1 % level. From initial scouting experiments, a dual selector system consisting of sulfated β‐cyclodextrin and methyl‐α‐cyclodextrin was identified. The critical process parameters were evaluated in a fractional factorial resolution IV design followed by a central composite face‐centered design and Monte Carlo simulations for defining the design space of the method. The selected working conditions consisted of a 30/40.2 cm, 50 μm id fused‐silica capillary, 30 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.5, 16 mg/mL sulfated β‐cyclodextrin, and 14 mg/mL methyl‐α‐cyclodextrin at 20°C and 20 kV. The method was validated according to ICH guideline Q2(R1) and applied to the analysis of a capsule formulation. Furthermore, the apparent binding constants between the enantiomers and the cyclodextrins as well as complex mobilities were determined to understand the migration behavior of the analytes. 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
课程体系是人才培养的载体。为了更好地培养拔尖创新人才,南京大学化学国家级实验教学示范中心依据化学学科的特点和发展趋势,以科学内容的内在联系和研究规律为主线构建了“化学实验基础?化学合成与表征+化学原理与测量?化学功能分子实验+化学生物学综合实验+基于项目的研究实验”实验课程新体系,按照一流课程建设要求(高阶性、创新性和挑战度)对实验教学内容进行了优化,并建立起与之相适应的实验教学平台。新课程体系综合考虑了化学一级学科的整体性和关联学科的交叉性,在南京大学化学化工学院“拔尖计划”和“强基计划”学生中实施,教学效果显著。 相似文献