瑞利衰落信道下DCSK系统性能分析

差分混沌键控(DCSK)是一种非相干调制技术,其输出信号具有固有的宽频特性。在各种混沌键控数字调制方案中,DCSK调制有着最优的抗噪声性能。文中在文献[4]的基础上,进一步分析了DCSK在瑞利衰落信道下的系统性能,推导出误码率公式,并通过计算机仿真实验验证了该理论分析的正确性。     

V-BLAST系统中使用估计信道状态信息的IC-MMSE迭代检测算法

针对Vertical Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time（V-BLAST）系统中干扰抵消-最小均方误差滤波（Interference Cancellation-Mimmum Mean Square Error filtering：IC-MMSE）迭代检测算法，本文对使用实际估计CSI（Channel State Information）的IC—MMSE迭代检测算法进行了研究．通过在MMSE滤波中考虑信道估计误差，提出了修正的MMSE滤波．与忽略信道估计误差的MMSE滤波相比，修正的MMSE滤波能够获得较小的均方误差．仿真结果表明采用修正的MMSE滤波能够获得显著的性能增益，同时不会增加计算复杂度。     

多端口散射参数测量的一种新方法

本文对利用双端口矢量网络分析仪（VNA）进行多端口网络散射参数测试的问题进行了研究。通过网络参数矩阵的归一化、反归一化变换以及基于不同接入阻抗下网络散射参数矩阵之间的关系,对测试参数进行校正,解决了接入阻抗反射系数的精度带来的测试误差问题,提高了这类测试方法的测试精度。     

Identification of a fault zone ahead of the tunnel excavation face using the extended Kalman filter

Simulation of mechanized tunneling and on-site excavation require very good knowledge of the geomechanical and material properties. Identification of the material must be fast and continuously performed during tunnel excavation for the best possible strategies for advancing the tunnel boring machine. We present in this work the use of the extended Kalman filter (EKF) for identification of the inclined fault zone ahead of the face. The EKF showed fast and stable convergence of the model parameters under study. In comparison with the particle swarm optimization technique applied to the same back analysis problem, faster convergence of the identified parameters as well as high robustness with respect to the choice of the initial parameter values have been observed.     

The concept of minimized integrated exponential error for low dispersion and low dissipation schemes

We devise two novel techniques to optimize parameters which regulate dispersion and dissipation effects in numerical methods using the notion that dissipation neutralizes dispersion. These techniques are baptized as the minimized integrated error for low dispersion and low dissipation (MIELDLD) and the minimized integrated exponential error for low dispersion and low dissipation (MIEELDLD) . These two techniques of optimization have an advantage over the concept of minimized integrated square difference error (MISDE) , especially in the case when more than one optimal cfl is obtained, out of which only one of these values satisfy the shift condition. For instance, when MISDE is applied to the 1‐D Fromm's scheme, we have obtained two optimal cfl numbers: 0.28 and 1.0. However, it is known that Fromm's scheme satisfies shift condition only at r=1.0. Using MIELDLD and MIEELDLD , the optimal cfl of Fromm's scheme is computed as 1.0. We show that like the MISDE concept, both the techniques MIELDLD and MIEELDLD are effective to control dissipation and dispersion. The condition ν²>4µ is satisfied for all these three techniques of optimization, where ν and µ are parameters present in the Korteweg‐de‐Vries‐Burgers equation. The optimal cfl number for some numerical schemes namely Lax–Wendroff, Beam–Warming, Crowley and Upwind Leap‐Frog when discretized by the 1‐D linear advection equation is computed. The optimal cfl number obtained is in agreement with the shift condition. Some numerical experiments in 1‐D have been performed which consist of discontinuities and shocks. The dissipation and dispersion errors at some different cfl numbers for these experiments are quantified. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Initial guess by improved population-based intelligent algorithms for large inter-frame deformation measurement using digital image correlation

Digital image correlation (DIC) has received a widespread research and application in experimental mechanics. In DIC, the performance of subpixel registration algorithm (e.g., Newton-Raphson method, quasi-Newton method) relies heavily on the initial guess of deformation. In the case of small inter-frame deformation, the initial guess could be found by simple search scheme, the coarse-fine search for instance. While for large inter-frame deformation, it is difficult for simple search scheme to robustly estimate displacement parameters and deformation parameters simultaneously with low computational cost. In this paper, we proposed three improving strategies, i.e. Q-stage evolutionary strategy (T), parameter control strategy (C) and space expanding strategy (E), and then combined them into three population-based intelligent algorithms (PIAs), i.e. genetic algorithm (GA), differential evolution (DE) and particle swarm optimization (PSO), and finally derived eighteen different algorithms to calculate the initial guess for qN. The eighteen algorithms were compared in three sets of experiments including large rigid body translation, finite uniaxial strain and large rigid body rotation, and the results showed the effectiveness of proposed improving strategies. Among all compared algorithms, DE-TCE is the best which is robust, convenient and efficient for large inter-frame deformation measurement.     

Convergence of MPFA on triangulations and for Richards' equation

Spatial discretization of transport and transformation processes in porous media requires techniques that handle general geometry, discontinuous coefficients and are locally mass conservative. Multi‐point flux approximation (MPFA) methods are such techniques, and we will here discuss some formulations on triangular grids with further application to the nonlinear Richards equation. The MPFA methods will be rewritten to mixed form to derive stability conditions and error estimates. Several MPFA versions will be shown, and the versions will be discussed with respect to convergence, symmetry and robustness when the grids are rough. It will be shown that the behavior may be quite different for challenging cases of skewness and roughness of the simulation grids. Further, we apply the MPFA discretization approach for the Richards equation and derive new error estimates without extra regularity requirements. The analysis will be accompanied by numerical results for grids that are relevant for practical simulation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

对用稳定图识别真假模态的一点改进

利用单位样值响应矩阵和自由响应的特征值分解形式中的特征值前的系数矩阵的范数作稳定判据，结合稳定图识别真假模态，计算表明，本方法具有较好的分解能力。     

Numerical simulations of the steady Navier–Stokes equations using adaptive meshing schemes

In this paper, we consider an adaptive meshing scheme for solution of the steady incompressible Navier–Stokes equations by finite element discretization. The mesh refinement and optimization are performed based on an algorithm that combines the so‐called conforming centroidal Voronoi Delaunay triangulations (CfCVDTs) and residual‐type local a posteriori error estimators. Numerical experiments in the two‐dimensional space for various examples are presented with quadratic finite elements used for the velocity field and linear finite elements for the pressure. The results show that our meshing scheme can equally distribute the errors over all elements in some optimal way and keep the triangles very well shaped as well at all levels of refinement. In addition, the convergence rates achieved are close to the best obtainable. Extension of this approach to three‐dimensional cases is also discussed and the main challenge is the efficient implementation of three‐dimensional CfCVDT generation that is still under development. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Global a posteriori error estimates for convection–reaction–diffusion problems

In this note we propose a nonstandard technique for constructing global a posteriori error estimates for the stationary convection–reaction–diffusion equation. In order to estimate the approximation error in appropriate weighted energy norms, which measures the overall quality of the approximations, the underlying bilinear form is decomposed into several terms which can be directly computed or easily estimated from above using elementary tools of functional analysis. Several auxiliary parameters are introduced to construct such a splitting and tune the resulting upper error bound. It is demonstrated how these parameters can be chosen in some natural and convenient way for computations so that the weighted energy norm of the error is almost recovered, which shows that the estimates proposed are, in fact, quasi-sharp. The presented methodology is completely independent of numerical techniques used to compute approximate solutions. In particular, it is applicable to approximations which fail to satisfy the Galerkin orthogonality, e.g., due to an inconsistent stabilization, flux limiting, low-order quadrature rules, round-off and iteration errors etc. Moreover, the only constant that appears in the proposed error estimates is of global nature and comes from the Friedrichs–Poincaré inequality.