一种LC-VCO 1/f3相位噪声优化方法

建立了差分互补型电感电容压控振荡器(LC-VCO)的等效分析模型.采用有效截止频率厂T.e.来表征MOS管的充放电能力,结合振荡器起振后共模输出电压下降的现象,提出了优化1/f3相位噪声的方法.采用该方法并结合跨导效率gm/ID设计方法,实现了LC-VCO 1/f3相位噪声的优化,并在0.18 μm CMOS工艺上获得验证.结果表明,该优化方法可以使频偏在1 kHz以内的相位噪声改善2～3 dB,可用于开环LC-VCO作为本振的低功耗无线收发机及高性能晶体振荡器的电路设计中.     

电极对薄膜体声波谐振器性能的影响

采用有限元分析软件COMSOL Multiphysics仿真了三维结构的谐振器,探讨了不同的顶电极形状对谐振器性能的影响。有效机电耦合系数(k2teff)随电极-压电层厚度比增大而减小,其中电极形状为三角形的谐振器在厚度比为0.05时获得最大k2teff(5.73%)。品质因数Q值变化趋势与k2teff相反,由三角形电极在厚度比为0.25时,获得最大Q值为1 314。不同电极形状的谐振器的优值随电极-压电厚度比先增大后减小,最大值为65.4,由正方形电极在比值为0.15时获得。     

薄膜体声波谐振器的电磁兼容性分析

随着薄膜体声波谐振器(FBAR)工作频率及FBAR器件集成度的不断提高,FBAR器件的电磁干扰问题显得尤为突出。常用电学模型和有限元模型都假定FBAR中的电磁场为无源准静态场,无法仿真模型的相关电磁特性。使用HFSS高频电磁仿真软件建立了FBAR的三维电磁仿真模型,采用一个包含声场特性的等效介电常数,实现了FBAR电磁场分布、电磁场耦合与压电效应的一体化仿真。分析了高频电磁场分布及电磁场耦合对谐振特性的影响,通过优化FBAR与临近元件的间距及采用不同介电常数的基板材料,减小了电磁场耦合的干扰。     

应变Si1-xGex (100)电子有效质量研究

基于结合形变势的KP理论框架,对应变Si1-xGex/(100)Si材料电子有效质量（包括导带能谷电子纵、横向有效质量,导带底电子态密度有效质量及电子电导有效质量）进行了系统的研究。结果表明：应变Si1-xGex/(100)Si材料导带能谷电子纵、横向有效质量在应力的作用下没有变化,其导带底电子态密度有效质量在Ge组份较小时随着x的增加而显著减小。此外,其沿[100]方向的电子电导有效质量随应力明显降低。以上结论可为应变Si1-xGex/(100)Si材料电学特性的研究提供重要理论依据。     

车联网中基于联盟合作博弈的带宽分享策略

近几年来,车联网领域快速发展并引起广泛关注.在此背景下提出了一种混合Wi-Fi、WiMAX和3G/LTE的网络架构,在这种架构下,车辆可以根据自身的情况选择合适的方式接入网络.网络带宽分享采用基于联盟合作博弈的方式,车辆可以选择加入或离开合作联盟来最大化自身收益.模型从理论上证明了通过车辆间的效用分配与博弈合作,最终将形成一个纳什稳定的联盟划分并能适应车辆的动态变化.仿真结果表明,模型的算法性能接近于最优联盟分配.     

基于双耦合器的全光纤不等带宽波长交错滤波器的设计

为提高波长交错滤波器(interleaver)带宽的利用 率,提出了基于一字型3×3和2×2光纤耦合器组成 全光纤马赫-曾德尔干涉仪(MZI)型不等带宽波长交错滤波器(interleaver)的设计方案。运 用光纤传输理论 和矩阵理论,得到滤波器输出谱的表达式;依据傅里叶级数的理论,优化选择器件的结构参 数;数值 模拟分析了器件的输出特性。结果表明:两个耦合器的耦合系数和光纤干涉臂长差取一些定 值时,器 件主要的两路输出带宽不等,它们的3dB带宽分别为31.5和 65.6GHz,满足不同传输速率10和40Gbit/s对带宽的要求,较等带宽interle aver有更高的利用率;通过分析器件结构参数对输出谱的影 响,发现器件具有一定的抗偏差能力;与普通的级联MZI型interleaver相比,新型器件的优 点是耦合 器少,在实际制作时可准确控制和检测耦合器的分光比,从而降低了制作难度。实验结果与 理论分析相吻合。     

Muscle oxygenation measurement in humans by noninvasive optical spectroscopy and Locally Weighted Regression

We have developed a method to make real-time, continuous, noninvasive measurements of muscle oxygenation (Mox) from the surface of the skin. A key development was measurement in both the visible and near infrared (NIR) regions. Measurement of both oxygenated and deoxygenated myoglobin and hemoglobin resulted in a more accurate measurement of Mox than could be achieved with measurement of only the deoxygenated components, as in traditional near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Using the second derivative with respect to wavelength reduced the effects of scattering on the spectra and also made oxygenated and deoxygenated forms more distinguishable from each other. Selecting spectral bands where oxygenated and deoxygenated forms absorb filtered out noise and spectral features unrelated to Mox. NIR and visible bands were scaled relative to each other in order to correct for errors introduced by normalization. Multivariate Curve Resolution (MCR) was used to estimate Mox from spectra within each data set collected from healthy subjects. A Locally Weighted Regression (LWR) model was built from calibration set spectra and associated Mox values from 20 subjects using 2562 spectra. LWR and Partial Least Squares (PLS) allow accurate measurement of Mox despite variations in skin pigment or fat layer thickness in different subjects. The method estimated Mox in five healthy subjects with an RMSE of 5.4%.     

Non‐symmetric bent‐core mesogens with one terminal vinyl group

Two series of non‐symmetric banana‐shaped compounds, both with one alkyl and one alkenyl terminal tail, have been synthesized and studied. Both series were compared with the corresponding series with two saturated terminal alkyl tails. All the compounds have a bent central 1,3‐phenylene bis(4‐benzoyloxy)benzoate core; their mesophases were characterized by polarizing optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X‐ray diffraction and switching current response experiments. In all four series one of the terminal tails is varied from OC₈H₁₇ to OC₁₆H₃₃. The other terminal tails are OC₁₁H₂₃, O(CH₂)₉CH?=?CH₂, OC₁₀H₂₁ and O(CH₂)₈CH?=?CH₂. The short‐tailed compounds show monotropic or enantiotropic B₁ phases and the long‐tailed compounds the B₂ phase. The introduction of one terminal vinyl group slightly lowers the transition temperatures. The introduction of a second terminal vinyl group further suppresses the liquid crystalline properties. All compounds with B₂ phases have layer spacings that suggest a tilt of ～45° of the bent molecules in the layers, and their switching behaviour is antiferroelectric.     

Ionic liquids as stationary phases in gas chromatography: Determination of chlorobenzenes in soils

The present research focuses on the evaluation of different ionic liquid (IL) stationary phases in gas chromatography. The different IL columns were evaluated in terms of peak resolution (R_s) and peak symmetry for the separation of the chlorobenzenes. The determination of chlorobenzenes in soil samples by means of the optimal IL stationary phase (SLB‐IL82) is proposed as an application. Soil pretreatment was based on a simplified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe extraction procedure and a large injection volume via a programed temperature vaporizer working in solvent vent mode. The retention time of the chlorobenzenes increased as the polarity of the IL column decreased. SLB‐IL82 is the stationary phase that provides the best values as regards R_s and asymmetry factor. Soil sample blanks were spiked with the analytes before subjecting the sample to the extraction process. The existence of a matrix effect was checked and the analytical characteristics of the method were determined in a fortified garden soil sample. The method provided good linearity, good repeatability and reproducibility values, and the LODs were in the 0.1–4.7 μg/kg range. Two fortified soil samples were applied to validate the proposed methodology.