Forest Fire Detection Using Artificial Neural Network Algorithm Implemented in Wireless Sensor Networks

A forest fire is a severe threat to forest resources and human life. In this paper, we propose a forest?fire detection system that has an artificial neural network algorithm implemented in a wireless s...     

消防设备电源监控传感模块设计

针对市面上消防设备电源监控传感器采样精度差、通信不稳定、不符合国标规范等设计缺陷,以国家标准GB28184-2011《消防设备电源监控系统》为依据研究设计了一款电流电压型监控传感器。设计创新点在于采用RN8209G芯片进行采样,并通过CAN总线进行通信,在0~50 A电流范围内提高采样精度达到1%。设计产品已通过国标GB28184中4.7节表1中的基础实验及高低温试验要求。     

高校毕业生就业预警变点统计方法研究

以教育部毕业生就业预警区域划分为指导,采用多元线性回归模型变点的统计方法,对高校毕业生一次就业率变点识别的关键问题进行了分析,结合某高校实际数据对本方法进行了检验和论证,定量明确了大学生就业相关影响因素。     

机载预警雷达七十年发展回顾与展望

回顾了机载预警雷达自1945 年以来的发展历程,并以任务适应、环境适应和平台适应为主线,将其划分为三个阶段。然后,结合未来预警机必须满足的军事需求,阐述了发展中的机载预警雷达可能具备的“宽频带、一体化、智能化和网络化冶的技术特征。总体而言,未来机载预警雷达将进一步改善对任务、环境和安装平台的适应性,概念进一步拓展,在打击链中的作用将不断向后延伸,与系统和体系的交联也将更加紧密,从而为形成基于信息系统的体系作战能力作出更多贡献。     

基于红外热成像技术的车厢内部火灾预警研究

红外热成像技术是目前最为实用的火灾预警检测手段之一,可以有效提高列车车厢的运行安全。基于红外热像仪的原理及优点,结合动车组车厢较为狭长的特点,探讨红外探测器的镜头选择;提出了融合绝对温度和基于高度变化的火焰判定概率模型,提高了火焰检测的精度。在动车车组车厢环境中的测试验证了方法的有效性和稳定性,降低虚警。     

Fire properties of silylated α‐zirconium phosphate composites based on polystyrene

α‐zirconium phosphate (ZrP) (prepared by both reflux and hydrothermal methods) is silylated with chlorotrimethylsilane and characterized by X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Polystyrene/silylated‐ZrP composites show higher thermal stability as the ZrP content increases. Cone calorimetry suggests that the reduction of the peak heat release rate of polystyrene (PS)/ZrP composites does not increase as the ZrP loading increases; the aspect ratio of ZrP has little effect in fire performance of PS/ZrP composites. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Large‐scale Experimental Study on the Effects of Flooring Materials on Combustion Behavior of Thermoplastics

The effects of flooring materials on the combustion behavior of thermoplastics is investigated. Based on the ISO 9705 fire test setup, an experimental rig was designed. Full‐scale experiments of PP combustion were carried out using five flooring boards, namely gypsum, steel, wood, ceramic tile and PVC. The experimental results indicate that the flooring boards play an important role in the heat release rates of typical thermoplastics combustion. Specifically, the time for the sharp increase of heat release rate is generally later for the flooring boards with larger thermal conductivity, except for the case of PVC. Preliminary analyses suggest that the reason for the exception of PVC is the expansion and carbonization of PVC at high temperature. In addition, experimental results also show that the corresponding peak heat release rate of thermoplastics combustion would be generally smaller for the flooring board with a larger thermal mass, except for the case of gypsum. The primary cause for the exception of gypsum may be the heat absorption by the crystal water released from the gypsum during the burning of hot pool oil.     

The study of the stability of aqueous three-phase fire-resistant foam in typical liquidus hydrocarbons

The utilization of solid particles in aqueous foam has a great potential in improving fire fighting efficiency. In this study, aqueous foam supported by micro fly-ash (FA) was prepared and its stability in a specific type of oil was characterized. Firstly, different amount of FA was added to study the influence of FA concentration on foamability. It showed that within a specific extent, foam expansion ratio increased with the increasing of FA concentration. And compared with conventional foams, oil resistance of FA stabilized foams, which was investigated by analyzing drainage rate and evolution process with a self-made apparatus, was remarkably improved when FA concentration exceed 4.8wt.%. Secondly, SiO₂ and Al₂O₃ particles with different median sizes were used to study the effect of particle size on stability. However, the smaller hydrophilic particles didn’t behave better as expected. Moreover, the foam stability in three hydrocarbons was evaluated in the same way. The results indicated that the short chain hydrocarbons had much stronger detrimental effect to both two-phase foam and three-phase foam. But overall, the three-phase foam stabilized by FA exhibited much better oil resistance, so it can be used as a promising material for pool fire extinguishing and prevention.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT     

Fire retarded polyurethane foam composites based on steel slag/ammonium polyphosphate system: A novel strategy for utilization of metallurgical solid waste

A series of FR-RPUF composites were prepared by a one-step water foaming process with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and steel slag (SS) as flame retardants. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG), limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 vertical combustion test, microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC), TG-Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (TG-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectra and FTIR were used to investigate the thermal stability, flame retardancy, combustion performance, gas phase products, and char residue morphology of FR-RPUF composites. TG test results showed that the initial decomposition temperature (T_-5wt%) and char residue rate at 700°C of RPUF/APP/SS composites were significantly enhanced by the addition of APP and SS, and the thermal stability of the composites was improved. Flame retardant test results confirmed the significantly increased LOI values of RPUF/APP/SS composites with V-0 rating. TG-FTIR also confirmed the obviously decreased release of toxic gases and flammable gases in the combustion of RPUF/APP/SS composites. SEM and Raman spectra of char residues for the composites suggested that APP/SS system improved the compactness and graphitization degree of char layer for RPUF/APP/SS composite. The above researches provide a new strategy for the utilization of SS in fire safety engineering.     

物理化学教学中安全工程教育的融合与内化实例*

如何强化安全工程教育是化学化工类专业高等教育的一个重要课题。通过对蒸汽锅炉爆炸、火灾爆燃事故以及锈蚀危害等3个实例的详细讲述,指出在物理化学的教学中,若适时融入相关的安全工程教育,可以使学生深刻理解安全事故发生及防范所依赖的物理化学原理,从而起到安全意识的内化作用。教学中现代教育技术的引入可以增强这一效果。