Liquid phase microextraction applications in food analysis

Over the last years, liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) in its different application modes (single drop microextraction, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and hollow fiber-LPME) has been increasingly applied for the extraction of both inorganic and organic analytes from different matrices. Its advantages over conventional extraction procedures (simplicity, effectiveness, rapidity and low consumption of organic solvents) has also attracted its application in the complex food analysis field, in which it has clearly provided good and challenging results. A comprehensive review dealing with those articles published since its introduction till the end of March 2011 is presented, offering also a critical vision of the analytical potential of LPME for the analysis of foods.     

Advanced development in analysis of phytochemicals from medicine and food dual purposes plants used in China

The concept of "Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food" was widely accepted for thousand years. It is now well known that some foods and food components have beneficial physiological and psychological effects. In China, the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China announced 87 items of materials, including 81 plants, could be used as both medicine and food. Increasing consumer demand for safety and health benefits, it is of critical importance to have high-quality and comprehensive data on bioactive compounds (phytochemicals) in these materials. In this review, we summarized the advanced development (2006-2010) in analysis of phytochemicals from medicine and food dual purposes plants (MFDPP) used in China.     

基于MSC双声路SAW器件的设计仿真平台

利用模块化设计思想,在Matlab编程环境下实现了基于多条耦合器双声路声表面波器件的设计仿真平台。为了提高MSC双声路SAW器件的性能,该平台将多条耦合器、分裂指及假指设计方案融合到器件设计中。多条耦合器不仅实现了两个变迹换能器传递函数的乘积,而且消除了体声波对器件性能的影响。假指消除了通过变迹换能器引起的波前畸变。分裂指可以最小化换能器内部的声波反射问题。通过一个频率为203.559MHz的基于多条耦合器双声路声表面波器件的设计和实际测试结果的对比分析,证明了该设计仿真平台不仅可以进行器件版图结构的设计和模拟,而且设计平台所得到的版图和数据可以用于器件的掩膜版制作和器件封装尺寸参考。另外,该仿真设计平台可以很好地实现对器件的脉冲特性、频率响应特性的模拟和仿真。     

基于模糊PID的光刻机同步扫描控制

基于模糊PID控制理论,介绍了步进扫描光刻机中工件台同步扫描的控制方法,并简要介绍了相关的控制理论基础知识,详细阐述了模糊控制器的制作过程和模糊规则的制定方法。另外针对同步扫描控制的难点,简要介绍了步进扫描光刻机的同步扫描过程,而且建立了同步运动的执行器直线电机的仿真模型。采用模糊PID理论对同步扫描系统进行控制策略研究,仿真实验表明,硅片台稳态误差及掩膜台稳态误差能够快速衰减达到稳定状态,而同步误差的精度也能达到微米级别。这种方案具有较好的动态特性及鲁棒性,同步误差较小,有望满足高精度同步扫描的要求。     

双重数字水印的抗攻击安全性分析

为了使计算机网络更好地为人类服务,必须很好地解决网络的信息安全问题。数字水印是实现版权保护的有效办法,但目前尚没有一个算法能够真正经得住攻击者所有种类的攻击。笔者通过对攻击原理进行分析,提出解决的对策,重点介绍了利用双水印技术对抗解释攻击的方法。了解这些攻击以及可能还会有的新的攻击方法将助于我们设计出更好的水印方案。     

无刷直流电机双闭环串级控制系统仿真研究

为了有效地分析和设计BLDCM控制系统,基于Matlab提出了一种新型的模块化的BLDCM控制系统仿真建模的方法。对各个模块进行了详细说明。最后,采用经典的速度、电流双闭环控制方法对该建模方法进行了仿真测试。结果表明仿真波形符合理论分析。转速环引入了积分分离的PI调节器使超调量为零,系统特性稳定,它为实际系统设计和调试...     

中波红外消热差双视场光学系统设计

介绍了一种切换式双视场红外光学系统设计实例,该系统工作波段为3.7～4.8 μm,变倍比为3倍,采用光学被动式消热技术保证系统在-40℃～+60℃温度范围内保持良好的成像质量.该系统具有结构简单,体积小、重量轻、像质高、环境适应性好等优点.并用ZEMAX光学设计软件进行了像质评价.     

双星时差频差无源定位系统定位算法工程指标分析

通过计算时差、频差测量精度,以及卫星运动引起的时差、频差变化率,提出双星时差频差无源定位系统的信号最佳采样时间为10～ 100 ms.进一步推导了工程可实现的定位精度,仿真结果表明双星系统工程可实现的定位精度约为1～3km.研究和结论对双星定位系统定位精度指标的论证与分解具有借鉴意义.     

基于对偶四元数的双星编队相对位姿测量

为了描述编队卫星中主从星的相对位置和姿态信息,提出了基于对偶四元数的编队卫星相对位姿测量算法。以双星编队飞行的位姿运动为主线,运用对偶四元数工具,充分发挥其能以最简洁的形式表示一般性刚体运动的优点,对卫星轨道和姿态进行分析并建立了对偶四元数位姿模型。同时设计类GPS测量技术来测量编队卫星的相对位置和姿态,该技术载波相位波长和伪码码元比GPS的更短,可获得更高精度的相对测量信号。由于状态方程和观测方程的非线性特征,使用UKF滤波来消除随机噪声对量测过程的干扰。实验结果表明,所设计的算法能够有效估计系统误差,卫星的位置误差和四元数误差收敛于零,验证了该算法的有效性。     

Dual solutions in mixed convection with variable physical properties

Assisting and opposing flows in a mixed convection boundary layer flow over an isothermal vertical plate are studied for the case of variable physical properties and uniform free stream. Fluid viscosity and thermal conductivity are assumed to be linear functions of temperature. Using local similarity the flow and heat transfer quantities are found to be functions of four parameters, i.e. Richardson number, Prandtl number, a viscosity variation parameter and a thermal conductivity variation parameter. Numerical solutions are obtained by two methods, a shooting technique and Nachtsheim-Swigert technique, for selected values of parameters appropriate for the fluids considered and specific temperatures of the plate and ambient fluid. For assisting flows, there exist solutions for all values of Richardson number while for opposing flows solutions exist only for a finite set of its values and, in addition, there also exist dual solutions. Important flow and heat transfer quantities of practical interest are determined and the influence of different parameters is discussed.