高炉喷吹用烟煤煤粉爆炸特性的实验研究

从工业安全角度出发 ,在四种不同形状与体积的封闭容器、三种开口燃烧管中 ,对高炉喷吹用烟煤的燃烧爆炸特性和传播特性进行了全面、系统的实验研究。详尽地给出了煤粉浓度、粒度及气体介质中含氧量、扬尘湍流强度和初始点火能量对爆炸后最大压力升值、最大爆炸压力上升率、以及最大等效燃烧速度和爆炸火焰传播最小熄火间距的影响。用最大等效燃烧速度来表征的爆炸强度数值已不再依赖于实验容器。     

Unsteady oblique shock waves

A spatially and temporally local analysis is provided for unsteady, oblique shock waves, in which the flow is assumed to be two-dimensional or axisymmetric. Three unsteady parameters, in a laboratory frame, are viewed as the known independent variables. These are the upstream Mach number, the shock Mach number, and the angle of the shock relative to the instantaneous upstream velocity. Other steady and unsteady parameters, such as the velocity turn angles and downstream Mach numbers, are evaluated in closed form, in terms of these three quantities. Trends are assessed, and a sensitivity analysis is provided. It is suggested that the theory may find application in converting a shock capturing algorithm, at an early time during the computational process, into a shock fitting algorithm. Received 30 April 1999 / Accepted 29 November 1999     

射流速度剖面形状变化及其对界面稳定性的影响

用线性稳定性理论研究了内部为轴对称液体射流、外部为同轴气体射流的粘性双流体模型．在液体射流和气体射流分别处于不同压力梯度作用的条件下,讨论了数学模型中射流速度剖面形状变化,并用Chebyshev配点法研究了剪切层厚度变化及其对界面稳定性产生的影响．     

一类自回避型随机游动的漂移速度

考虑一种直线上的随机游动模型:边的权重根据随机游动者的经过次数而相应递减.我们考察这个过程中随机游动者的漂移速度,讨论了随机游动者的位置与步数的关系.利用计算机模拟得到数据进行拟合,定量地确定出变量之间的关系.在某种条件下,随机游动者的位置的对数与步数的对数之比是一定的,不会随着边的权值递减的快慢不同而发生改变.这一点是值得进一步考虑的.     

Monotone Mappings and Flows of Viscous Media

We establish solvability of the boundary-value problems describing stationary and periodic flows of viscoplastic media. In the case of stationary flows we study the question of convergence of the Galerkin method. For the problem of periodic flows we prove a version of the second Bogolyubov theorem.     

Displacement wave of the blood vessel —A mechanical model

According to clinical observations and model experiment, we have developed a theoretical model and obtained its mathematical equations to investigate the displacement wave of the blood vessel. The waveform and its occurrence criterion have been obtained by using perturbation theory and numerical method. The present study suggests that the displacement wave is associated with the blood velocity waveform and the machanical behaviour of the blood vessel, but not with the pressure waveform. The clinical criterion is in agreement with the observations.     

偏压电场对压电板中Lamb波相速度的影响

本文研究了偏压电场作用下,Lamb波在压电板中的传播行为，首先给出了偏压电场作用时压电板中的应力场及电位移场，然后通过求解含初应力及初电位移的小幅波动问题的耦合方程，分别给出了Lamb波的对称模态和反对称模态的相速度方程，以典型的PZT－5H压电陶瓷板为例进行了数值计算,并讨论了偏压电场对Lamb波相速度及频散曲线的影响，结果表明，偏压电场可以显著地改变Lamb波的传播速度，借此可使声波器件获得延时效果。     

Simulation of the Action of a Permeable Barrier on an Ideal Incompressible Channel Flow

Plane ideal incompressible flow in a rectangular channel partitioned by a thin permeable barrier (lattice) is considered. In flowing through the lattice the stream suddenly (jumpwise) changes direction and loses energy. The flow is assumed to be vortical; the vorticity is discontinuous on the lattice. A mathematical formulation of the problem for the stream function is proposed in the form of a nonlinear elliptic equation with coefficients discontinuous on the lattice line. A numerical solution is constructed using the finite-element iteration method. The results of the numerical simulation show how the flow velocity profile in the channel can be controlled by means of permeable barriers.     

栓状流密相气力输送

首先介绍了气力输送的实验设备.评述了水平栓流气力输送的压力降计算方法,用3种不同的方法计算了压力降并与实验数据进行比较.此外评述了用特征线方法进行水平管的数值模拟,倾斜管的压力降计算和长距离的栓流气力输送.最后展望了该领域的发展方向.      

稀薄流到连续流的气体运动论模型方程算法研究

通过引入碰撞松弛参数和当地平衡态分布函数对BGK模型方程进行修正，确定含流态控制参数可描述不同流域气体流动特性的气体分子速度分布函数的简化控制方程。发展和应用离散速度坐标法于气体分子速度空间，利用一套在物理空间和时间上连续而速度空间离散的分布函数来代替原分布函数对速度空间的连续依赖性。基于非定常时间分裂数值计算方法和无波动、无自由参数的NND耗散差分格式，建立直接求解气体分子速度分布函数的气体运动论有限差分数值方法。推广应用改进的Gauss-Hermite无穷积分法和华罗庚－王元提出的以单和逼近重积分的黄金分割数论积分方法等，对离散速度空间进行宏观取矩获取物理空间各点的气体流动参数，由此发展一套从稀薄流到连续流各流域统一的气体运动论数值算法。通过对不同Knudsen数下一维激波管问题、二维圆柱绕流和三维球体绕流的初步数值实验表明文中发展的数值算法是可行的。