Electric fields in the rheology of disperse systems

In the present survey, the influence of electric fields on the structure and rheological properties of disperse systems as well as the effect of deformations on their electrical characteristics are discussed. The properties of these systems are considered in terms of the dielectric permittivity and electrification potential. The considerable thickness of the double electric layer around the disperse phase particles, which is characteristic of disperse systems with nonpolar hydrocarbon dispersion media, provides the possibility for strong electric fields to produce an electric nonuniformity on the surface of the disperse phase particles. The formation of hydrate layers on the particles creates the possibility of polarization of the disperse phase. In plastic disperse systems such as greases, a strong orientation effect is observed, which contributes to the creation of frozen flow patterns when the flow is suddenly stopped. The survey is concluded with a consideration of the process of formation of chain structures in the direction of the lines of force of the electric field whose orientation is normal to the direction of flow, which can lead to complete stoppage of the flow.     

铜蒸汽激光器双闸流管触发系统的研究

研制成用于钢蒸汽激光器的双间流管触发系统。用两个闸流管并联进行交替触发，总输入电功率达7．8kW。低功率运行时，激光器的效率为0．6％与单间流管激光器的效率一致。     

最新水冷式全固态数字调幅600kW中波发射机

数字调幅制式是当前国际上较先进的调制技术，ＤＸ系列全固态数字调幅中波发射机的电声指标和工业效率都是很先进的，过去的ＤＸ大功率机采用风冷方式，本文介绍了最新水冷ＤＸ－６００发射机的设备情况和技术特点。     

一种复合型图像加减滤波器

介绍了一种复合型图像加减滤波器，该元件是由Ｒｏｎｃｈｉ光栅和离轴Ｆｒｅｓｎｅｌ波带板复合而成，它的透射率函数是Ｒｏｎｃｎｉ光栅和Ｆｒｅｓｎｅｌ波带板两透射率函数的逻辑异或。用作图像加减时具有光路简单、调节方便、处理的面积大等优点。讨论了用这种滤波器作图像加减的原理，介绍了元件的制作方法．并给出了实验结果。     

二元光学分束器的设计

系统地阐述了几种二元光学分束器的基本设计理论，比较其算法以及衍射效率和再现误差，并提供了设计实例。     

Clusters,metastability, and nucleation: Kinetics of first-order phase transitions

We describe and interpret computer simulations of the time evolution of a binary alloy on a cubic lattice, with nearest neighbor interactions favoring like pairs of atoms. Initially the atoms are arranged at random; the time evolution proceeds by random interchanges of nearest neighbor pairs, using probabilities compatible with the equilibrium Gibbs distribution at temperatureT. For temperatures 0.59T_c, 0.81 T_c, and 0.89T _c, with density of A atoms equal to that in the B-rich phase at coexistence, the density C₁ of clusters ofl A atoms approximately satisfies the following empirical formulas: C₁ w(1 –)³ andC ₁, (1 –)⁴Q₁w¹ (2 l 10). Herew is a parameter and we defineQ _l = _K e ^–E(K) , where the sum goes over all translationally nonequivalentl-particle clusters andE(K) is the energy of formation of the clusterK. Forl > 10,Q ₁ is not known exactly; so we use an extrapolation formulaQ _l Aw _s ^–l l ^– exp(–bl ), wherew _s is the value ofw at coexistence. The same formula (withw > w _s) also fits the observed values of C, (for small values ofl) at densities greater than the coexistence density (forT=0.59T_c): When the supersaturation is small, the simulations show apparently metastable states, a theoretical estimate of whose lifetime is compatible with the observations. For higher supersaturation the system is observed to undergo a slow process of segregation into two coexisting phases (andw therefore changes slowly with time). These results may be interpreted as a more quantitative formulation (and confirmation) of ideas used in standard nucleation theory. No evidence for a spinodal transition is found.Supported by AFOSR Grant No. 73-2430D and by ERDA Contract No. EY-76-C-02-3077*000.     

TheB 2Σ-X 2Σ system of the CaF molecule

The spectrum of theB ²Σ-X ²Σ system of the CaF molecule has been photographed in the second order of a 10.6 m concave grating spectrograph with 0.33 Å/mm dispersion. The rotational structure of the (0, 0) and (1, 0) bands has been analysed and the precise molecular constants have been obtained. Using the constants so determined the band origins of a large number of bands with 0 <v′,v″ < 10 have been calculated and used to obtain the accurate vibrational constants forB andX states and these are presented.     

基于二值计算机的实时多值逻辑控制系统的研究

在工业控制系统中,常常遇到多值逻辑问题,用二值逻辑概念去解决极不方便,有时甚至是困难的．本文提出一种在二值计算机上建立起完备的多值逻辑运算集和多值逻辑接口的方法,从而实现了在二值计算机上有效地解决多值逻辑问题．     

基于串行通信的高速DSP芯片 实验系统设计与实现

本文在总结国内外现有DSP仿真系统的基础上提出了一种借助单片机和串行通信实现数字信号处理程序实时运行和调试的新方法,并在此基础上介绍了在WINDOWS95平台下该DSP实验系统的设计过程。     

光纤孤子的“双陷”型非线性管理

为了研究光纤系统中由色散参量和 “双陷”型非线性参量可能导致的孤子现象,通过分步傅里叶数值算法求解了变系数（1+1）维非线性薛定谔方程。结果发现,光纤孤子在两种“双陷”型非线性光学系统中具有一系列有趣的性质,如单孤子脉冲在可变参量背景下由“双陷”型非线性结构诱发的周期性振荡;双孤子脉冲在常参量背景下由“双陷”型非线性结构诱导的走离效应;三个孤子脉冲在两种“双陷”型非线性光学系统中体现的特殊相互作用、融合效应等。