小角度衍射噪声光栅滤波方法研究

针对因衍射等原因引起的小角度差光噪声信号,探讨了利用闪耀光栅的2级闪耀,实现角度差放大,提高空间低通滤波器适应性的滤波新方法。理论分析和模拟仿真表明,对于小于5°的角度差,可实现3倍以上放大。放大所需闪耀光栅的频率与入射单色波长成反比,波长越长,所需光栅频率越低。与正的斜入射角相比,负斜入射角度差的放大倍数更大。当负斜入射角超过一定值时,会因为全反射角的限制而导致斜入射2级闪耀不存在,只保留了有效信号的2级闪耀,滤波效果更好。     

三波长宽角度消偏振平板分光膜的设计

分光膜都是倾斜使用的,不可避免地存在S和P 2个偏振分量的分离。在许多实际应用中,这是一个迫切需要解决的刺手难题。基于Thelen和Costich理论,选择初始膜系材料和结构,并在Needle合成法与Conjugate graduate精炼法的帮助下,采用全介质材料设计了532nm,633nm和1315nm三波长宽角度消偏振平板型分光膜,空气中入射角的变化范围为45°±5°。结果表明：在宽角度范围内,此膜系在(532±10)nm,(633±10)nm和(1315±10)nm范围的偏振分离都能比较好地满足消偏振要求。     

基于均值距离测度的医学图像配准

针对互信息测度在配准医学图像时易陷入局部极值、速度慢的缺点,提出了基于均值不等式的均值距离测度.首先根据均值不等式推导出5种均值距离测度：方根-算术均值距离(SAM)、方根-几何均值距离(SGM)、方根-调和均值距离(SHM)、算术-几何均值距离(AGM)、算术-调和均值距离(AHM).然后通过人体脑部CT/MR和MR-T1/PD图像的刚体配准实验,从函数曲线、配准精度、计算时间和收敛性能方面,对互信息与5种均值距离信息测度进行了比较与分析.实验结果表明,在不损失配准精度的前提下,AHM和SAM测度可以获得更快的配准速度,对噪声有很强的鲁棒性.     

Direct angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy and superconductivity of strained high-T c films

Since 1997 we systematically perform direct angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) on in-situ grown thin (<30 nm) cuprate films. Specifically, we probe low-energy electronic structure and properties of high-T _c superconductors (HTSC) under different degrees of epitaxial (compressive vs. tensile) strain. In overdoped and underdoped in-plane compressed (the strain is induced by the choice of substrate) ≈15 nm thin La_{2 − x} Sr _x CuO₄ (LSCO) films we almost double T _c to 40 K, from 20 K and 24 K, respectively. Yet the Fermi surface (FS) remains essentially two-dimensional. In contrast, ARPES data under tensile strain exhibit the dispersion that is three-dimensional, yet T _c drastically decreases. It seems that the in-plane compressive strain tends to push the apical oxygen far away from the CuO₂ plane, enhances the two-dimensional character of the dispersion and increases T _c, while the tensile strain acts in the opposite direction and the resulting dispersion is three-dimensional. We have established the shape of the FS for both cases, and all our data are consistent with other ongoing studies, like EXAFS. As the actual lattice of cuprates is like a ‘Napoleon-cake’, i.e. rigid CuO₂ planes alternating with softer ‘reservoir’, that distort differently under strain, our data rule out all oversimplified two-dimensional (rigid lattice) mean field models. The work is still in progress on optimized La-doped Bi-2201 films with enhanced T _c.      

A divergence-conforming hybridized discontinuous Galerkin method for the incompressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations

We present a hybridized discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) method for the incompressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations coupled with the Spalart-Allmaras one-equation turbulence model. The method extends upon an HDG method recently introduced by Rhebergen and Wells for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. With a special choice of velocity and pressure spaces for both element and trace degrees of freedom (DOFs), the method returns pointwise divergence-free mean velocity fields and properly balances momentum and energy. We further examine the use of different polynomial degrees and meshes to see how the order of the scalar eddy viscosity affects the convergence of the mean velocity and pressure fields, specifically for the method of manufactured solutions. As is standard with HDG methods, static condensation can be employed to remove the element DOFs and thus dramatically reduce the global number of DOFs. Numerical results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.     

Heteroleptic [Cu(NN)P2]+-type cuprous complexes and their structural modulation on phosphorescent color: Synthesis,structural characterization,properties, and theoretical calculations

Four new heteroleptic [Cu(NN)P₂]⁺-type cuprous complexes— 1 -TPP, 2 -POP, 3 -Xantphos, and 4 -DPPF—were designed and synthesized using a diimine ligand 2-(2′-pyridyl)benzoxazole (2-PBO) and different phosphine ligands (TPP, triphenylphosphine; POP, bis[2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl]ether; Xantphos, 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene; DPPF, 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-ferrocene). All complexes were characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, spectroscopic analysis (infrared, UV–Vis.), elemental analysis, and photoluminescence (PL). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed complexes 1 – 4 as isolated cation complex structures with a tetrahedral CuN₂P₂ coordination geometry and diverse P–Cu–P angles. Their UV–Vis. absorption spectra exhibited a blue-shift sequence in wavelength with an enlarged P–Cu–P angle from 4 to 2 then to 3 and then to 1 . The PL emission peaks of 1 – 3 also exhibited a similar blue-shift sequence ( 2 → 3 → 1 ). Their PL lifetime in microseconds (~7.5, 5.1, and 4.7 μs for 1 , 2 , and 3 , respectively) indicated that their PL behavior represents phosphorescence. Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculation and wavefunction analysis revealed that S₁ and T₁ states of 1 – 3 should be assigned as metal–ligand and ligand–ligand charge-transfer (ML + L'L)CT states. Their UV–Vis. absorption and phosphorescence should be attributed to the charge transfer from the P–Cu–P segment to the 2-PBO ligand. Therefore, as the P–Cu–P angle increased (lower HOMO), the energy of S₁ and T₁ states also increased, following the change of PL color.     

光栅衍射实验中测量光栅常数的两种辅助方法

衍射光栅可以将不同波长的光在空间上分离开,在光谱分析领域中有广泛应用.利用光栅的衍射来测量光栅常数是大学物理实验中的一个典型实验,而本文介绍的正是光栅衍射实验中的两个有趣现象:一是旋转光栅时,谱线的偏转角存在一个最小值;二是光栅旋转到一定角度时,衍射光斑会逐渐消失在视野中.论文从理论上分析解释这两种现象,并设计出两种测量光栅常数的方法,在实验上进行验证.与传统的用最小偏转角测光栅常数的方法相比,本文重点分析了由判定最小偏转角位置偏差所带来的影响,并提出了对称旋转测量的方法来进一步减小误差.     

从平面角和立体角讨论静电场中的某些电场等价性

本文利用平面角的概念讨论了均匀带电的直线微元和圆弧微元在圆心处的场强等价性,并将结论推广到一些均匀带电的线几何体;然后利用立体角的概念进一步讨论带电的平面微元和球面微元在球心处的场强等价关系,结果表明,只有非均匀的电荷面密度才能使两者等价．     

Small angle X-ray scattering of the colloidal crystal

The monodisperse polystyrene spheres are assembled into the colloidal crystal on the glass substrate by vertical deposition method, which is aimed at the so-called photonic crystal applications. The structural information of the bulk colloidal crystal is crucial for understanding the crystal growth mechanism and developing the various applications of colloidal crystal. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) technique was used to obtain the bulk structure of the colloidal crystal at Beamline 1W2A of BSRF. It is found that the SAXS pattern is sensitive to the relative orientation between the colloidal sample and the incident X-ray direction. The crystal lattice was well distinguished and determined by the SAXS data.