基于色散光学的光波束形成网络

为了实现大波束指向范围和精细步进调节的光波束形成网络,采用了基于光学色散实现光真延时的方法.通过光开关实现N路高色散光纤路径切换获得大步进等延时差,实现了波束指向的大范围和大步进调节;通过调谐线性啁啾光纤光栅色散系数连续调谐获得小步进等延时差,实现了波束指向的小范围和小步进调节.结果表明,波束指向角度范围为-73.74...     

Refractive index and dispersion measurements in prismatic thin film of phasmidic columnar liquid crystals

In this work, we explore the refractive index of the phasmidic columnar liquid crystal for homeotropic oriented samples (column perpendicular to the plates). To measure the ordinary index n_o of the columnar liquid crystal C₁₀, a simple and accurate method is presented using the deflection by reflection of a laser beam (λ = 633nm) through a prismatic phasmidic thin film placed between two glass plates in the homeotropic orientation. For the C₁₀ samples, we found n_o = 1.5512 ± 0.0002 at T = 100°C. We used the same method to determine the isotropic index n_l of the isotropic phase and found n_l = 1.5301 ± 0.0002 at T = 120°C. Using the precision of the same method in polychromatic laser beam, we measured the variation of the ordinary index with the wavelength λ and characterize the dispersion by the known Cauchy's dispersion relationship n_o = A + B/λ². We deduce an estimation of the birefringence for several samples.     

有机电光晶体4-(4-二甲基氨基苯乙烯基)甲基吡啶对甲基苯磺酸盐的太赫兹光谱研究

采用色散校正的密度泛函理论(dispersion-corrected density functional theory,DFT-D2)对有机电光晶体4-(4-二甲基氨基苯乙烯基)甲基吡啶对甲基苯磺酸盐(4-N,N-dimethylamino-4′-N′-methyl-stilbazolium tosylate,DAST)进行结构优化和太赫兹光谱计算,通过逐步提高精度进行几何优化的方法寻找DAST收敛的基态稳定结构,获得与DAST初始结构相一致的基态稳定结构.在此结构的基础上,在0—4 THz范围的太赫兹计算光谱与实验测量结果一致,说明采用DFT-D2进行优化的合理性.重要的是,首次通过计算的太赫兹光谱对DAST在0—4 THz范围的太赫兹吸收峰的振动模式进行了详细归属.结果表明:1.12 THz处的振动是DAST阴阳离子的光学声子模式,1.46 THz和1.54 THz两处的振动主要与磺酸盐有关,而2.63 THz和3.16 THz两处的振动则分别源于阳离子的扭转振动和阴离子的转动.该结果不仅很好地说明了阴阳离子分别在太赫兹响应中的贡献,而且为今后通过取代阴阳离子基团获取具有更高二阶非线性效应的DAST衍生物的新合成提供了重要的参考和指导.本文结果说明密度泛函理论在太赫兹光子学上的重要应用,对探究有机电光晶体的太赫兹响应物理原理、性能控制等具有重要的指导价值.     

一种新型的基于四孔单元光子晶体光纤的设计与分析

设计了一种基于四孔单元的光子晶体光纤,它可以满足光通信系统中高双折射率、负色散和低限制损耗的要求,比起通常的三角结构光纤有着更高的双折射率,并且结构制作也较简单。采用全矢量有限元法和各项异性完美匹配层法对所设计的光纤进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明:该光纤在1.55μm波长处可获得10~(-2)数量级的双折射率,在较宽广的波段范围具有大的负色散,限制损耗低于10~(-9)dB/m;该光纤在保偏光纤、单极化单模光纤、色散补偿光纤等方面具有重要的应用。     

石墨烯/碳纳米管增强氧化铝陶瓷涂层的制备及摩擦学性能的研究

对碳纳米管进行混杂功能化处理,并与石墨烯,氧化铝按一定配比制成骨料,与胶黏剂混合充分,采用手工涂覆,低温固化的方法在304不锈钢表面制备复合陶瓷涂层.对混杂碳纳米管分子组成进行了表征;对涂层的微观结构,石墨烯和碳纳米管的分散性,涂层的显微硬度、断裂韧性、涂层与基体的结合强度及摩擦学性能进行了分析.结果表明:混杂处理的碳纳米管表面既接枝了活性基团同时也包覆了表面活性剂,复合涂层结构致密,石墨烯和混杂处理的碳纳米管均匀分散在涂层中,且复合涂层的硬度、断裂韧性、结合强度和耐磨减摩性能明显提高.     

高非线性光子晶体光纤深紫外超连续谱的研究

光子晶体光纤作为光学非线性良好介质,对超连续谱产生具有重要作用。深紫外超连续谱光源在许多应用中有急切的需求,然而由于实验条件和光纤参数等方面的影响,利用高非线性光子晶体光纤产生深紫外(<280 nm)超连续谱的报道较少。通过理论和实验研究了高非线性光子晶体光纤在深紫外区的频率变换,并分析其产生的物理机理。使用钛宝石飞秒激光器将实验室自制的光子晶体光纤在反常色散区泵浦,研究了不同泵浦功率和泵浦波长对深紫外区超连续谱的影响,结果表明：泵浦波长固定为860 nm时,深紫外频率光谱展宽范围随泵浦功率的增加而逐渐展宽;泵浦功率固定为0.4 W时,泵浦波长的增加不仅展宽超连续谱范围而且极大的提高了深紫外区光谱的转换效率。当泵浦波长为870 nm,泵浦功率为0.4 W,实验所用光子晶体光纤长度为1.45 m,零色散波长为825 nm时,光子与色散波的交叉相位调制使深紫外基模超连续谱扩展到最短波长212 nm。     

聚乙二醇分子量对其分散多壁碳纳米管能力的影响

本文研究了聚乙二醇(PEG)分子量对其分散多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)能力的影响。PEG解团聚的能力与分子量的关系不是单调递增的,而是先降低后增加,存在一个最低点,这与其解团聚路线有关。PEG分散的MWNTs对时间和电解质的稳定性都随着分子量的增加而增加,但是对温度的稳定性却随着分子量的增加而减小。     

Theoretical insights into the relative bonding of normal and abnormal N‐heterocyclic carbenes in [PdCl2(NHCR)2] and [PdCl2(NHCR)(aNHCR)] (R = H,Ph, Mes)

Quantum chemical insights into normal Pd‐C2(NHC^R) and abnormal Pd‐C5(aNHC^R) bonding, dominated by dispersion interactions in N‐hetereocyclic carbene complexes [PdCl₂(NHC^R)₂] ( I , R = H; II , R = Ph; III , R = Mes (2,4,6‐trimethyl)phenyl)) and [PdCl₂(NHC^R)(aNHC^R] ( IV , R = H; V , R = Ph; VI , R = Mes) have been investigated at DFT and DFT‐D3(BJ) level of theory with particular emphasis on the effects of the noncovalent interactions on the structures and the nature of Pd‐C2(NHC^R) and Pd‐C5(aNHC^R) bonds. The optimized geometries are good agreement with the experimental values. The Pd‐C bonds are essentially single bond. Hirshfeld charge distributions indicate that the abnormal aNHC^R carbene ligand is relatively better electron donor than the normal NHC^R carbene ligand. The C2 atom has larger %s contribution along Pd‐C2 bond than the C5 atom along Pd‐C5 bond. As a consequence the Pd‐C2(NHC^R) bonds are relative stronger than the Pd‐C5(aNHC^R) bonds. Thus, the results of natural hybrid orbital analysis support the key point of the present study. Calculations predict that for bulky substituent (R = Ph, Mes) at carbene, the Pd‐C2(NHC^R) bond is stronger than Pd‐C5(aNHC^R) bond due to large dispersion energy in [PdCl₂(NHC^R)₂] than in [PdCl₂(NHC^R)(aNHC^R)]. However, in case of non‐bulky substituent with small and almost equal contribution of dispersion energy, the Pd‐C2(NHC^R) bond is relative weaker than Pd‐C5(aNHC^R) bond. The bond dissociation energies are dependent on the R substituent, the DFT functional and the inclusion of dispersion interactions. Major point of this study is that the abnormal aNHCs are not always strongly bonded with metal center than the normal NHCs. Effects of dispersion interaction of substituent at nitrogen atoms of carbene ligand are found to play a crucial role on estimation of relative bonding strengths of the normal and abnormal aNHCs with metal center. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Structure and tribological properties of Cu–PU–PTFE composite coatings prepared by low‐energy electron beam dispersion with glow discharge

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composite coatings doped copper acetate and polyurethane (PU) were prepared on rubber substrate by low‐energy electron beam dispersion technique. The effects of dopant and glow discharge treatment on the surface morphology, structure and tribological properties of the coatings were investigated. The results showed that Cu–PTFE composite coatings form uniform surface and dense column structure with spherical aggregations under glow discharge treatment. PU coating shows the large size of protuberance structure but PU–PTFE coating presents spherical structure. Both of the coatings become relative dense and smooth after discharge treatment, and Cu–PU–PTFE composite coatings possess a smoother surface and lower polar component of surface energy. Cu doping weakens the crystallinity and ordering degree of composite coatings, but glow discharge increases the ordering degree and branched structure of C―H groups. Friction experiment indicated that Cu fails to improve the wear resistance of PTFE coatings but glow discharge treatment can do it. Cu–PU–PTFE coatings after discharge treatment have the higher wear resistance and lower coefficient of friction. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

稀土掺杂BTO基纳米陶瓷的制备及介电性能

采用"连续有序可控爆发式成核"纳米粉体制备技术,以BaCl2、SrCl2.6H2O、TiCl4为原料制备了BaxSr1–xTiO3及BaxSr1–x–yGdyTiO3纳米粉体和陶瓷,研究了所制粉体和陶瓷的微观结构及性能。结果表明:所制纳米粉体分散性好,粒径分布范围窄,平均粒径小于40nm;BaxSr1–xTiO3介电常数随锶掺杂量的增加有增大的趋势,在1 325℃烧结得到的Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3陶瓷的介电常数最大,达到30 000 F/m。BaxSr1–x–yGdyTiO3介电常数随Gd掺杂量的增加趋于减小,在1 325℃烧结得到的Ba0.8Sr0.18Gd0.02TiO3的介电常数最大,达到近25 000 F/m。