量子点接触对单电子量子态的量子测量

研究了用介观量子点接触(QPC)对单电子两态和多态系统的量子测量问题.发现,在任意测量电压下,该测量问题不能用标准的Lindblad量子主方程描述.考虑了测量仪器和被测系统之间的能量交换对细致平衡关系的影响,对该问题提供了一个恰当的理论描述,并对未来的固态量子测量和量子反馈控制可能产生一定影响. 关键词： 量子测量 量子比特 细致平衡 退局域化     

基于旋转式反射镜的飞行视觉系统设计

在MEMS麦克风贴片工艺中,真空吸嘴吸取MEMS芯片以后需要进行芯片位姿的精确校正。为实现高速高精度贴片功能,提出了一种基于旋转式反射镜的飞行视觉系统,该方案利用齿轮齿条将吸嘴的升降运动转化为反射镜的旋转运动,通过设计齿轮参数,实现反射镜不干涉吸嘴的拾放功能。当反射镜旋转到与水平位置夹角呈45°时,视觉系统可以获得MEMS芯片的静止的清晰图像,CCD相机采集一幅图像后,在贴片头飞行的过程中,控制系统完成MEMS芯片的位置和角度的校正。实验结果表明,该系统可以获取高质量MEMS芯片图像。该系统结构简单紧凑,成像无失真,不限制贴片头的运动轨迹,显著提高了MEMS芯片的贴片质量和贴片效率,可广泛地应用于贴片机系统中。     

GA-based optimization of a MIMO ANC system considering coupling of secondary sources in a telephone kiosk

In this paper a multi-input, multi-output (MIMO) active noise control system with the aim of global reduction of broadband noise in a telephone kiosk is addressed. The model selected for this optimization problem is the acoustic environment of an enclosure taking into account the effect of coupling of secondary sources used for control purpose. This optimization involves finding the best locations for loudspeakers and microphones inside the enclosure as well as optimizing the control signals considering secondary source coupling.Previous results show that in order to be able to reduce acoustic noise globally inside the enclosure, the frequency range of 50-300 Hz must be selected for control purpose. The mean of acoustic potential energy of the enclosure, when excited in this frequency range, is adopted as a performance measure. This performance index is penalized with the power of the signal required to excite secondary loudspeakers, in order to avoid placements that may need high voltage power amplifier for a desired performance. To find the solution of this problem, i.e. the global minimum of the performance index, several genetic algorithms are proposed and compared. In order to attain the best achievable performance in reaching the global minimum, the parameters of these genetic algorithms are tuned, and used for optimization purpose. Numerical simulations of the acoustical potential energy as well as the sound pressure at different heights of the kiosk, when active noise control (ANC) system operates, confirm the optimality of the locations proposed by the genetic algorithm.     

一种新的标准单元增量式布局算法

提出了一种新的增量式布局方法W-ECOP来满足快速调整布局方案的要求.与以前的以单元为中心的算法不同,算法基于单元行划分来进行单元的插入和位置调整,在此过程中使对原布局方案的影响最小,并且尽可能优化线长.一组从美国工业界的测试例子表明,该算法运行速度快,调整后的布局效果好.     

遗传算法在CDMA网络基站分布规划中的应用

CDMA网络的基站分布规划属于多目标组合优化问题，为此在遗传算法的基础上提出了一种基于成本控制的CDMA网络基站分布规划算法。该算法综合考虑了在CDAM网络规划实际工程中的多种规划目标和要求，能够找到符合CDMA网络建设需要的基站分布方案。     

混合模拟退火算法解决VLSI布局问题

VLSI布局问题是集成电路物理设计过程中的关键步骤，它直接影响整个设计的成败。Slicing结构是一种简单而高效的布局表示方法，采用正则波兰表达式编码，将模拟退火与禁忌搜索算法结合形成了一种以模拟退火算法为基础的混合算法进行求解，用MCNC benchmarks进行实验，结果表明：文章提出的混合算法比模拟退火算法在求解效率和质量上都有较大的提高。     

3G网络规划中自动基站分布算法的研究

自动基站分布问题属于组合优化中的NP完备问题,为此针对3G网络规划,在遗传算法的基础上,采用DCMOGADES算法的思想提出了一种新的自动基站分布算法。算法以容量、覆盖和成本作为目标,采用基站位置、天线高度和发射功率的三维向量编码方式,考虑了实际问题中的业务密度区域问题,对DCMOGADES算法进行改进并做出仿真。仿真结果表明,该算法能快速找到Pareto最优解。     

IO单元自动排布算法IOAP

提出了一种应用于芯片物理设计过程中IO单元自动排布的新算法。IO单元排布是芯片物理设计过程中长期依赖经验的环节。IO单元排布的优化对布线,电源网格和设计收敛性的优化有很大贡献。文章重点研究边缘IO单元排布,提出了IO单元自动排布算法(IOAP)。此算法及其相关软件直接应用于视频解码芯片和无线传感器网络处理器芯片(已流片成功)的物理设计流程中。结果表明,IOAP有效改善了芯片的电源网格,时序和布线结果,减少了布线努力,提高了设计收敛性。     

Parallelizing Tabu Search on a Cluster of Heterogeneous Workstations

In this paper, we present the parallelization of tabu search on a network of workstations using PVM. Two parallelization strategies are integrated: functional decomposition strategy and multi-search threads strategy. In addition, domain decomposition strategy is implemented probabilistically. The performance of each strategy is observed and analyzed. The goal of parallelization is to speedup the search in finding better quality solutions. Observations support that both parallelization strategies are beneficial, with functional decomposition producing slightly better results. Experiments were conducted for the VLSI cell placement, an NP-hard problem, and the objective was to achieve the best possible solution in terms of interconnection length, timing performance (circuit speed), and area. The multiobjective nature of this problem is addressed using a fuzzy goal-based cost computation.     

对Cluster模型的几点质疑

本文证明Cluster模型违背了细致平衡原理,指出了海中核子pick-up图象的不合理性。该模型的发射几率中不考虑复杂粒子正确构成的影响更是一个显著的倒退。