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981.
Ronny Pini Giuseppe Storti Marco Mazzotti Hongyun Tai Kevin M. Shakesheff Steven M. Howdle 《Macromolecular Symposia》2007,259(1):197-202
Summary: The equilibrium sorption and swelling behavior in supercritical CO2 of poly(D,L-lactic acid) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) has been studied at a temperature of 35 °C and at pressures up to 200 bar. Sorption was measured through a gravimetric technique and swelling by visualization. From these data, the behavior of the different polymers can be compared. In terms of partial molar volume of CO2 in the polymer matrix, all the polymers exhibit a behavior typical of rubbery systems. The experimental results have been modeled using the Sanchez-Lacombe equation of state, which is able to represent the actual behavior of the polymer-CO2 systems with reasonable accuracy. 相似文献
982.
Variable Fuzzy Sets and its Application in Comprehensive Risk Evaluation for Flood-control Engineering System 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Due to significance of the engineering system for flood control and the multi-dimensional synthesis of the risk evaluation
issue that the paper selects typical risk indexes to classify risk degree of flood-control engineering. Under global view
of system that the variable fuzzy sets method is presented to set up comprehensive evaluation model for flood-control engineering
system (FCES). The method can scientifically and reasonably determine membership degrees and relative membership functions
of disquisitive indexes at level interval that relating to engineering, also it can fully use one’s experience and knowledge,
qualitative and quantitative information of index system to obtain weights of indexes for operating comprehensive risk evaluation
for FCES. The numerical example shows that the proposed method is feasible and effective, and the evaluation results are reasonable. 相似文献
983.
新工科的人才培养目标使混合式教学模式成为高校教学改革的重要趋势。云教材是与混合式教学模式相契合的教学资源。工程力学云教材的建设贯彻以成果为导向的教育理念,明确学习目标,集成富媒体数字出版、云服务和移动学习三大领域的前沿技术,为工程力学混合式教学提供配套的教学资源。实践应用表明,工程力学云教材提高了学生的学习兴趣和自主学习能力,助力新工科的建设。 相似文献
984.
Photocontrolled Multidirectional Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on an Upconversion Substrate 下载免费PDF全文
Zhengqing Yan Hongshuang Qin Prof. Jinsong Ren Prof. Xiaogang Qu 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2018,57(35):11182-11187
The effective guidance of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation on a substrate by near‐infrared (NIR) light is particularly attractive for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, most of current substrates cannot control multidirectional differentiation of MSCs like natural tissues. Herein, a photocontrolled upconversion‐based substrate was designed and constructed for guiding multidirectional differentiation of MSCs. The substrate enables MSCs to maintain their stem‐cell characteristics due to the anti‐adhesive effect of 4‐(hydroxymethyl)‐3‐nitrobenzoic acid modified poly(ethylene glycol) (P1) attached on the upconversion substrate. Upon NIR irradiation, the P1 is released from the substrate by photocleavage. The detachment of P1 can change cell–matrix interactions dynamically. Moreover, MSCs cultured on the upconversion substrate can be specifically induced to differentiate to adipocytes or osteoblasts by adjusting the NIR laser. Our work provides a new way of using NIR‐based upconversion substrate to modulate the multidirectional differentiation of MSCs. 相似文献
985.
The synthesis of four new oxo‐centered Fe clusters ( 1 a – c , 2 ) of the form [FeIII3(μ3‐O)(CH2=CHCOO)6] with acrylate as the bridging ligand gives rise to potentially intrinsically chiral oxo‐centered {M3} trimers that show a tendency to spontaneously resolve upon crystallization. For instance, 1 a , [FeIII3(μ3‐O)(CH2=CHCOO)6‐(H2O)3]+, crystallizes in the chiral space group P31 as a chloride salt. Crystallization of 1 b , [Fe3(μ3‐O)(C2H3CO2)6(H2O)3]NO3?4.5H2O, from aqueous solution followed by recrystallization from acetonitrile also gives rise to spontaneous resolution to yield the homochiral salt [Fe3(μ3‐O)(C2H3CO2)6‐(H2O)3]NO3?CH3CN of 1 c (space group P212121). Furthermore, the reaction of 1 a with hexamolybdate in acetonitrile gives the helical coordination polymer {[(Fe3(μ3‐O)L6(H2O))(MoO4)‐(Fe3(μ3‐O)L6(H2O)2)]?2CH3CN?H2O}∞ 2 (L: H2C?CHCOO), which crystallizes in the space group P21. The nature of the ligand geometry allows the formation of atropisomers in both the discrete ( 1 a – c ) and linked {Fe3} clusters ( 2 ), which is described along with a magnetic analysis of 1 a and 2 . 相似文献
986.
Brundiek HB Evitt AS Kourist R Bornscheuer UT 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2012,51(2):412-414
Sorting out: Protein engineering of lipase CAL-A led to the discovery of mutants with excellent chemoselectivity for the removal of trans and saturated fatty acids from partially hydrogenated vegetable oil. These fatty acids, identified as a major risk factor for human health, can now be removed by enzyme catalysis. 相似文献
987.
988.
Nadya Abbood Dr. Tien Duy Vo Dr. Jonas Watzel Dr. Kenan A. J. Bozhueyuek Prof. Dr. Helge B. Bode 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2022,28(26):e202103963
Bacterial natural products in general, and non-ribosomally synthesized peptides in particular, are structurally diverse and provide us with a broad range of pharmaceutically relevant bioactivities. Yet, traditional natural product research suffers from rediscovering the same scaffolds and has been stigmatized as inefficient, time-, labour- and cost-intensive. Combinatorial chemistry, on the other hand, can produce new molecules in greater numbers, cheaper and in less time than traditional natural product discovery, but also fails to meet current medical needs due to the limited biologically relevant chemical space that can be addressed. Consequently, methods for the high throughput generation of new natural products would offer a new approach to identifying novel bioactive chemical entities for the hit to lead phase of drug discovery programs. As a follow-up to our previously published proof-of-principle study on generating bipartite type S non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs), we now envisaged the de novo generation of non-ribosomal peptides (NRPs) on an unreached scale. Using synthetic zippers, we split NRPSs in up to three subunits and rapidly generated different bi- and tripartite NRPS libraries to produce 49 peptides, peptide derivatives, and de novo peptides at good titres up to 145 mg L−1. A further advantage of type S NRPSs not only is the possibility to easily expand the created libraries by re-using previously created type S NRPS, but that functions of individual domains as well as domain-domain interactions can be studied and assigned rapidly. 相似文献
989.
Dr. Shang-Fu Yuan Wen-Di Liu Dr. Chun-Yu Liu Dr. Zong-Jie Guan Prof. Dr. Quan-Ming Wang 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2022,28(24):e202104445
Surface organic ligands are critical in dictating the structures and properties of atomically precise metal nanoclusters. In contrast to the conventionally used thiolate, phosphine and alkynyl ligands, nitrogen donor ligands have not been used in the protection for well-defined metal nanoclusters until recently. This review focuses on recent developments in atomically precise metal nanoclusters stabilized by different types of nitrogen donor ligands, in which the synthesis, total structure determination and various properties are covered. We hope that this review will provide insights into the rational design of N donor-protected metal nanoclusters in terms of structural and functional modulation. 相似文献
990.
Dr. Xiaopeng Xu Prof. Qiang Peng 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2022,28(25):e202104453
Nonfullerene acceptor based organic solar cells (NF-OSCs) have witnessed rapid progress over the past few years owing to the intensive research efforts on novel electron donor and nonfullerene acceptor (NFA) materials, interfacial engineering, and device processing techniques. Interfacial layers including electron transporting layers (ETL) and hole transporting layers (HTLs) are crucially important in the OSCs for facilitating electron and hole extraction from the photoactive blend to the respective electrodes. In this review, the lates progress in both ETLs and HTLs for the currently prevailing NF-OSCs are discussed, in which the ETLs are summarized from the categories of metal oxides, metal chelates, non-conjugated electrolytes and conjugated electrolytes, and the HTLs are summarized from the categories of inorganic and organic materials. In addition, some bifunctional interlayer materials served as both ETLs and HTLs are also introduced. Finally, the prospects of ETL/HTL materials for NF-OSCs are provided. 相似文献