Hyperparameter on-line learning of stochastic resonance based threshold networks

Aiming at training the feed-forward threshold neural network consisting of nondifferentiable activation functions, the approach of noise injection forms a stochastic resonance based threshold network that can be optimized by various gradient-based optimizers. The introduction of injected noise extends the noise level into the parameter space of the designed threshold network, but leads to a highly non-convex optimization landscape of the loss function. Thus, the hyperparameter on-line learning procedure with respective to network weights and noise levels becomes of challenge. It is shown that the Adam optimizer, as an adaptive variant of stochastic gradient descent, manifests its superior learning ability in training the stochastic resonance based threshold network effectively. Experimental results demonstrate the significant improvement of performance of the designed threshold network trained by the Adam optimizer for function approximation and image classification.     

Dark Energy with Phantom Crossing and the H0 Tension

We investigate the possibility of phantom crossing in the dark energy sector and the solution for the Hubble tension between early and late universe observations. We use robust combinations of different cosmological observations, namely the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), local measurement of Hubble constant (H0), Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) and SnIa for this purpose. For a combination of CMB+BAO data that is related to early universe physics, phantom crossing in the dark energy sector was confirmed at a 95% confidence level and we obtained the constraint H0=71.0−3.8+2.9 km/s/Mpc at a 68% confidence level, which is in perfect agreement with the local measurement by Riess et al. We show that constraints from different combinations of data are consistent with each other and all of them are consistent with phantom crossing in the dark energy sector. For the combination of all data considered, we obtained the constraint H0=70.25±0.78 km/s/Mpc at a 68% confidence level and the phantom crossing happening at the scale factor am=0.851−0.031+0.048 at a 68% confidence level.     

2.3–21 GHz broadband and high linearity distributed low noise amplifier

This paper focuses on the design of a 2.3–21 GHz Distributed Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) with low noise figure (NF), high gain (S₂₁), and high linearity (IIP3) for broadband applications. This distributed amplifier (DA) includes S/C/X/Ku/K-band, which makes it very suitable for heterodyne receivers. The proposed DA uses a 0.18 μm GaAs pHEMT process (OMMIC ED02AH) in cascade architecture with lines adaptation and equalization of phase velocity techniques, to absorb their parasitic capacitances into the gate and drain transmission lines in order to achieve wide bandwidth and to enhance gain and linearity. The proposed broadband DA achieved an excellent gain in the flatness of 13.5 ± 0.2 dB, a low noise figure of 3.44 ± 1.12 dB, and a small group delay variation of ±19.721 ps over the range of 2.3–21 GHz. The input and output reflection coefficients S₁₁ and S₂₂ are less than −10 dB. The input compression point (P_1dB) and input third-order intercept point (IIP3) are −1.5 dBm and 11.5 dBm, respectively at 13 GHz. The dissipated power is 282 mW and the core layout size is 2.2 × 0.8 mm².     

Full counting statistics of transport electrons through a two-level quantum dot with spin–orbit coupling

We study the full counting statistics of transport electrons through a semiconductor two-level quantum dot with Rashba spin–orbit (SO) coupling, which acts as a nonabelian gauge field and thus induces the electron transition between two levels along with the spin flip. By means of the quantum master equation approach, shot noise and skewness are obtained at finite temperature with two-body Coulomb interaction. We particularly demonstrate the crucial effect of SO coupling on the super-Poissonian fluctuation of transport electrons, in terms of which the SO coupling can be probed by the zero-frequency cumulants. While the charge currents are not sensitive to the SO coupling.     

一款紧凑增强型可变阻抗电磁带隙结构

基于传统AI-EBG结构,提出了一种小尺寸的增强型电磁带隙结构,实现了从0.5~9.4 GHz的宽频带-40 dB噪声抑制深度,且下截止频率减少到数百MHz,可有效抑制多层PCB板间地弹噪声。文中同时研究了EBG结构在高速电路应用时的信号完整性问题,使用差分信号方案可改善信号完整性。     

ZnO基薄膜晶体管的研究

ZnO是一种宽带隙的光电半导体材料,能应用于很多领域,如可用在压敏变阻器、声表面波器件、气敏元件、紫外光探测等。ZnO也可以作为有源层应用于薄膜晶体管(TFT)中。ZnO基薄膜晶体管具有以下突出优势:对于可见光部分平均具有80%以上的透射率,迁移率可以高达36cm2/V·s,开/关电流比大于106,可在较低温度(甚至室温)下制备。基于这些优点,ZnOTFT具有取代有源矩阵液晶显示器中常规a-SiTFT的趋势。同时对ZnOTFT的研究也推动了透明电子学的发展。本文阐述了ZnOTFT优越的电学性能,指出了其目前尚存在的不足,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

2.5GHz低相位噪声CMOS LC VCO的设计

用0 .35μm、一层多晶、四层金属、3.3V的标准全数字CMOS工艺设计了一个全集成的2 .5 GHz L C VCO,电路采用全差分互补负跨导结构以降低电路功耗和减少器件1/ f噪声的影响.为了减少高频噪声的影响,采用了在片L C滤波技术.可变电容采用增强型MOS可变电容,取得了2 3%的频率调节范围.采用单个16边形的对称片上螺旋电感,并在电感下加接地屏蔽层,从而减少芯片面积,优化Q值.取得了在离中心频率1MHz处- 118d Bc/ Hz的相位噪声性能.电源电压为3.3V时的功耗为4 m A.     

开关电源的平均电流自动均流技术

针对多个开关电源并联时易出现负载电流在各模块间分配不均的现象,介绍了常用的负载电流自动均流法——平均电流自动均流法及其工作特性。并针对其存在母线电压降低的缺陷,提出了一种改进的平均电流自动均流方法,经试验证明均流精度比较高。     

磁场天线的扭转振动及运动感应噪声研究

拖曳天线的运动感应电磁噪声对其收信深度及接收性能占据主导作用,其中横向振动与纵向振动是主要的,同时扭转振动也不可忽略.建立了磁场天线的扭转振动模型,得到了流体圆周切变力作用下磁场天线的扭转振动响应,分析了扭转振动感应电磁噪声的产生机理,给出了计算公式及仿真结果.研究结果为水下电磁噪声的深入研究提供了理论基础.     

连续波半主动雷达制导空空导弹截获跟踪距离计算

分析了连续波半主动雷达制导导弹导引头工作电磁环境和对武器系统攻击区的影响，建立了热噪声和杂波干扰环境下导引头截获距离方程，分析推导了直波泄漏干扰，地杂波干扰的计算公式，并在此基础上给出了导弹允许攻击区计算公式。