Improvement of the spinning electrophorometer for zeta potential measurements

In this study, bubbles are held by centripetal force at the center of a rotating cylinder filled with an aqueous solution. Their velocities along the axe of rotation, after application of an electrophoretic force, are used for the calculation of the so-called electrokinetic potential. But this process necessitates the elimination of the electro-osmosis which occurs on the interior sides of the glass cylinder by superposing a concurrent force on the bubble. Efficiency of DEAE-Dextran reticulated with 1,4 Butanediol Diglycidyl Ether can be tested by the observation of a cloud of latex microspheres injected in the interior of the tube and allowed to move in respect with the application of an electric field. The experimental control of these velocity profiles proves the adequacy of the polymer for many cases such as surfactant solutions, presence of electrolytes, utilization with moderate pH.The dynamic interpretation of the electrophoretic motion of bubbles is possible by considering that small ones behave like rigid spheres moving in a rotating fluid. In the second part of this paper and in a previous publication, we have experimentally proved that the use of the theoretical expressions of the forces involved for rigid spheres is justified for small bubbles. So, the electrokinetic potential can be expressed versus the velocity, leading to possible interpretations of the adsorption on gas-water interfaces.     

精细调谐电增益环腔光电振荡器

为了有效实现光电振荡器(OEO)输出频率精细调谐 ,提出了一种基于电增益环腔(EGRR)的OEO。利用放大器、 滤波器和移相器构成可调谐EGRR,通过改变EGRR内信号的相位等效实现 环腔长度的改变,得到不同 频率的射频(RF)信号,RF信号与OEO产生的自由振荡信号电注入锁定,输出信号 的频率由锁定EGRR输出频 率的OEO模式决定,相位噪声由OEO决定。在简单结构实验的条件下,有 效实现了OEO输出频率精细调谐。实验结果表明,当光纤长为2km、EGRR长为0.5m时,得到 了频率为11.3GHz、边模抑制比(SMSR)为 48dB、可调谐范围为239MHz、调谐最小步长 为100kHz和相位噪声为－99dBc/Hz@10kHz的RF信号。     

MOM/Lanczos-AWE算法快速求解良导体柱的RCS宽带与宽角响应

考虑导体柱的电磁散射 ,由于一般实际导体为良导体 ,若利用表面阻抗的边界条件 ,则良导体柱的电场积分方程 (EFIE)为第二类Fredholm积分方程 ;将矩量法 (MOM )应用到该积分方程时 ,该积分方程转化为第二类Fredholm矩阵方程。本文提出了一种求解第二类Fredholm矩阵方程的Lanczos AWE递归迭代快速算法 ,首先采用Lanczos技术快速求解在某一给定频率或角度时第二类Fredholm矩阵方程 ,得到在该频率或角度时良导体的表面电流分布 ;然后采用渐近波形估计 (AWE)技术求取所考虑的频段内任意频率或角度范围内任意角度时良导体的表面电流分布。根据表面电流分布预测了任意形状良导体柱的单站雷达散射截面 (RCS)的宽带与宽角响应。计算结果表明Lanczos AWE技术可大大加快MOM法的计算速度。     

Thermal radiation effects on Williamson fluid flow due to an expanding/contracting cylinder with nanomaterials: Dual solutions

The phenomena of heat and mass transfer during the flow of non-Newtonian transfer are amongst the core subjects in mechanical sciences. Recently, the nanomaterials are among the eminent tools for improving the low thermal conductivity of working fluids. Therefore, in view of the existing contributions, this article presents a two-dimensional numerical simulation for the transient flow of a non-Newtonian nanofluid generated by an expanding/contracting circular cylinder. This critical review further explores the impacts of variable magnetic field, thermal radiation, velocity slip and convective boundary conditions. The basic governing equations for Williamson fluid flow are formulated with the assistance of boundary layer approximations. The non-dimensional form of partially coupled ordinary differential equations has been tackled numerically by utilizing versatile Runge–Kutta integration scheme. The momentum, thermal and concentration characteristics are investigated with respect to several critical parameters, like, Weissenberg number, unsteadiness parameter, viscosity ratio parameter, slip parameter, suction parameter, magnetic parameter, thermophoresis parameter, Brownian motion parameter, Prandtl number, Lewis number and Biot number. The outcomes of the systematic reviews of these parameters and forest plots are illustrated. The study reveals that multiple solutions for the considered problem occurs for diverse values of involved physical parameters. The computed results indicate that the friction and heat transfer coefficients are significantly raised by the magnetic parameter for upper branch solutions.     

一种改进型圆形球面虚共焦非稳腔数值模拟研究

 在分析具有均匀相位输出耦合器非稳腔优缺点的基础上,提出了一种改进型非稳腔。数值模拟结果表明这种非稳腔不仅克服了均匀相位输出耦合器非稳腔的缺点而且远场也有较好的聚焦能力。     

Real-time monitoring of ischemic and contralateral brain pO2 during stroke by variable length multisite resonators

Purpose

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) oximetry using variable length multi-probe implantable resonator (IR), was used to investigate the temporal changes in the ischemic and contralateral brain pO₂ during stroke in rats.

Material and methods

The EPR signal to noise ratio (S/N) of the IR with four sensor loops at a depth of up to 11 mm were compared with direct implantation of lithium phthalocyanine (LiPc, oximetry probe) deposits in vitro. These IRs were used to follow the temporal changes in pO₂ at two sites in each hemisphere during ischemia induced by left middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats breathing 30% O₂ or 100% O₂.

Results

The S/N ratios of the IRs were significantly greater than the LiPc deposits. A similar pO₂ at two sites in each hemisphere prior to the onset of ischemia was observed in rats breathing 30% O₂. However, a significant decline in the pO₂ of the left cortex and striatum occurred during ischemia, but no change in the pO₂ of the contralateral brain was observed. A significant increase in the pO₂ of only the contralateral non-ischemic brain was observed in the rats breathing 100% O₂. No significant difference in the infarct volume was evident between the animals breathing 30% O₂ or 100% O₂ during ischemia.

Conclusions

EPR oximetry with IRs can repeatedly assess temporal changes in the brain pO₂ at four sites simultaneously during stroke. This oximetry approach can be used to test and develop interventions to rescue ischemic tissue by modulating cerebral pO₂ during stroke.     

竖直耦合型微环谐振器的特性分析

By using the coupled mode theory and the transfer matrix technique,the optical transfer function is presented for analyzing the size of the waveguide,radius of the microring,free spectral range and amplitude coupling ratio of the vertical coupling microring resonator.Under the central wavelength of 1550 nm,optimization and simulation are performed when the central deviation between the ring and the channel is 0,0.5,1μm,respectively, the 3-dB bandwidth of the spectral response is about 0.21,0.09,0.03 nm,and the intensity of the nonresonant light is below—30,—40,—50 dB,respectively.     

基于集总电阻的S波段小型化超材料吸波器

提出了一种基于集总电阻的S波段小型化超材料吸波器(Metamaterial Absorber,简称MMA)结构, 并进行了理论分析和仿真验证。设计的MMA 基本单元结构由加载了集总元件的电谐振器、中间隔离层和金属背板组成。利用S 参数反演算法求出等效阻抗,结果表明集总电阻的加入使该MMA 在较宽频带范围内有较好的阻抗匹配特性。根据等效电路理论,分析了MMA谐振吸收频率与其单元结构几何参数之间的关系。通过MMA 单元结构表面电流和能流分布分析了其吸波机制。不同模式下的极化角和斜入射角吸收率表明:该MMA具有极化不敏感和宽入射角特性。进一步研究MMA 结构-参数对其吸波性能的影响,通过单元结构几何参数和集总参数的调节获得最优的MMA模型。最终,通过MMA基本单元结构的进一步优化设计,使其在1.9～6.0GHz 范围内吸收率达到90%以上,对应的相对带宽达到101.9%。该设计有望在电磁能量捕获及隐身领域拥有潜在应用价值。     

Tunable Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 film bulk acoustic resonators using SiO2/Mo Bragg reflectors

Tunable and switchable Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 TiO 3 film bulk acoustic resonators（FBARs） based on SiO 2 /Mo Bragg reflectors are explored,which can withstand high temperature for the deposition of Ba x Sr 1 x TiO 3（BST） films at 800 C.The dc bias-dependent resonance may be attributed to the piezoelectricity of the BST film induced by an electrostrictive effect.The series resonant frequency is strongly dc bias-dependent and shifts downwards with dc bias increasing,while the parallel resonant frequency is only weakly dc bias-dependent and slightly shifts upwards at low dc bias（ 45 V） while downwards at higher dc bias.The calculated relative tunability of shifts at series resonance frequency is around 2.3% and the electromechanical coupling coefficient is up to approximately 8.09% at 60-V dc bias,which can be comparable to AlN FBARs.This suggests that a high-quality tunable BST FBAR device can be achieved through the use of molybdenum（Mo） as the high acoustic impedance layer in a Bragg reflector,which not only provides excellent acoustic isolation from the substrate,but also improves the crystallinity of BST films withstanding higher deposition temperature.