Eulerian spatial and temporal autocorrelations: assessment of Taylor's hypothesis and a model

We present measurements of Eulerian longitudinal velocity autocorrelations in homogeneous, isotropic, high-intensity (～9%) free-stream turbulence behind an active grid. Spatial correlations are measured using particle image velocimetry as well as with two-point hot-wire anemometry (HWA), while temporal correlations are measured using HWA. The temporal correlations are transformed into spatial correlations by using Taylor's ‘frozen’ hypothesis with both the mean as well as instantaneous velocities. A model relating Eulerian spatial and temporal autocorrelations is also used for this purpose. The differences from the measured spatial correlation resulting from the use of Taylor's hypothesis on the temporal correlation is quantified; even at this moderately high level of turbulent intensity, the result from the use of the instantaneous velocity as convection velocity is practically indistinguishable from that obtained using the mean velocity. Use of the model produces a good agreement between the estimates of the spatial correlation function. A relation between Eulerian spatial and temporal integral scales is also derived.     

SCM/WDM系统中抑制载波的光学单边带调制技术

为了有效抑制SCM/WDM光纤通信系统中的群速度色散和非线性效应,利用SCM/WDM光纤通信系统中信号经过两次调制这一特性,提出了一种在SCM/WDM系统中容易实现的抑制载波的光学单边带调制技术。抑制载波的光学单边带调制信号具有很大的调制深度,即通过抑制载波可以有效的增大了调制深度,进而可以减小调制器的外加电压升高而激发的一系列有害的非线性效应。实测的调制信号的频谱只剩下了半个边频,有效地减小了光信号的频带宽度,从而可以有效地减小群速度色散对信号的劣化。接收机灵敏度的实测图表明,利用文中所述的抑制载波的光学单边带调制技术可以有效地提高接收机的灵敏度达3-5dB。     

基于激光诱导荧光的环状流液膜流速测量与分析

在对传统方法测量和分析液膜特性的基础上,采用激光诱导荧光方法和互相关测量技术,对竖直管道中的液膜流速进行光学测量和分析。基于高速摄影获取气液环状流中液膜图像,采用数字图像处理技术对液膜流动图像进行处理,得到液膜厚度在空间上的分布函数变化曲线,对间隔固定帧频的液膜图像进行互相关处理,进而采用抛物线拟合,有效提高了互相关极值的测量精度。实验结果表明,本文方法非接触、适用面广,可以有效检测环状流中液膜"破断"现象,并准确测量液膜流速参数。     

氢氧能源机的工艺技术优势与应用

中国五矿长沙矿山研究院研发的氢氧能源机由IGBT逆变电源、自动控制系统、氢氧发生功能模块、主水箱、副水箱、水气分离系统、压力自动侦测系统、冷却系统、介质循环系统、防回火系统等功能单位系统组成。其工艺和技术都高于行业标准,安全性能很高,切割工艺的适应性较强,且更加经济、安全。可在替代高能耗、高污染的传统燃气设备在钢铁切割、汽车发动机除碳、医疗垃圾焚烧、锅炉催化燃烧、针剂拉丝封口、民用燃气等多个领域得到推广和普遍应用。     

某功率单元强迫风冷散热分析和优化

随着电子技术的发展,电子设备的散热问题显得越来越重要。以理论分析的基础上,针对某功率单元整体温度场和速度场,采用有限元的方法,进行数值分析。重点分析不同风机、不同翅片散热器下,功率单元温度场和流场的分布趋势。得到采用引风机、翅片较密的散热器(62个翅片),能够达到最佳的散热效果,满足实际工程需要,有利于功率单元长期可靠运行。     

单脉冲雷达速度量折射误差高精度修正方法

单脉冲雷达是高精度外弹道测量系统中的一种主要测量设备之一,为了提高其测量精度,对所有测量参数都需要进行电波折射误差修正.针对目前单脉冲雷达测速参数折射误差修正精度较低的现状,在距离和角度折射误差修正基础上,提出了基于方向余弦的速度量折射误差高精度修正方法.首先根据经折射修正后的目标精确位置,利用二阶中心平滑微分方法求出目标的真实速度向量;然后再利用测站、地心的位置得到目标到雷达站、地心的方向余弦,进而求出目标与雷达站间电波射线在目标处切矢方向余弦;最后进行距离变化率的折射误差修正.实验证明,该方法比常用的直接微分方法的精度高出20％,且具有较好的实用性和有效性.     

Functions of Acyclic Poly(ethylene Oxide) Homologs: Acceleration of Nucleophilic Reactions and Selective Ion Transport through Membranes

The acceleration effect of poly(ethylene oxide) on nucleophilic reactions was investigated. The enhancement of the reaction rate was interpreted by the cooperative solvation of alkali metal ions with ethereal oxygens of PEO resulting in active nucleophilic anions. In relation to the complex formation of alkali metal ions with PEO, the oligo(ethylene oxide) derivatives were prepared as the synthetic ionophores, which were able to transport alkali metal ions selectively through a liquid membrane against the alkali metal ion concentration.     

量子态选择的分子离子解离动力学：阈值光电子-光离子符合成像技术的应用

阈值光电子一光离子符合速度成像技术通过对光电子和符合的光离子同时进行速度聚焦控制,大幅提高了电子和离子的收集效率和离子平动能分辨率,成为开展气相分子光电离和光电离．解离动力学研究的有效工具．利用该技术,我们精确地测量了分子的电离能、离子出现势等重要参数,并且开展了若干具有量子态或内能选择的离子解离动力学研究,描绘了相关势能面存在浅势阱等重要动力学特征,讨论了不同振动态和电子态的激发对解离机理和产物通道的重要影响．     

Contemplation on Detonation Pressures of Nitramines and ­Nitro Aromatics

A physical model and a mathematical theory for the detonation pressures of explosives materials were developed. The pressure values are expressed as function of the detonation velocity (D) and the average mass (m) of the gaseous products, and are applied for various nitramines and aromatic nitro compounds including nitro pyrimidines and nitro triazines. Some regression equations were obtained and discussed. The pressure values show poor linear dependence on the average mass of the products but good dependence on the detonation velocities alone or Dm. Moreover, for the same Dm value nitramines should produce more pressure than aromatic nitro compounds. This work deals with pressure developed by explosion products and interrelates it with detonation pressure within the constraints of certain assumptions and pays attention to so far unnoticed relationships at least under certain circumstances.     

浅海波导界面对点源振速方向的影响

采用“虚源法”分析计算了浅海波导环境中接收点处点源总振速方向与水平面夹角,侧重讨论确定性界面反射对总振速方向的影响。研究结果表明：总振速方向和接收点与声源的水平距离、两者深度,海底、海面特性以及声速剖面等有关。在等声速均匀浅海波导中,由于确定性界面反射的影响,当直达声掠射角为1°～50°时,合成总振速方向偏离直达声方向达1.5°～10.5°,声速剖面呈负梯度时,偏离程度更甚.