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41.
This article compares the performance of WDM lightpath protection and IP LSP protection schemes for IP-over-WDM networks. A mathematical formulation of the maximum throughput problem is presented and analytical expressions for recovery time are derived for both schemes. The throughputs and recovery times are analyzed and compared. Results show that the IP LSP protection scheme presents higher throughputs then WDM lightpath protection. The IP LSP protection scheme, providing individual IP LSP protection has, however, scalability problems. This scheme presents high recovery times when a failure affects many lightpaths and many hops are allowed for the primary routes of IP LSPs. 相似文献
42.
For vector quasivariational inequalities involving multifunctions in topological vector spaces, an existence result is obtained without a monotonicity assumption and with a convergence assumption weaker than semicontinuity. A new type of quasivariational inequality is proposed. Applications to quasicomplementarity problems and traffic network equilibria are considered. In particular, definitions of weak and strong Wardrop equilibria are introduced for the case of multivalued cost functions. 相似文献
43.
Consider a network where two routes are available for users wishing to travel from a source to a destination. On one route (which could be viewed as private transport) service slows as traffic increases. On the other (which could be viewed as public transport) the service frequency increases with demand. The Downs-Thomson paradox occurs when improvements in service produce an overall decline in performance as user equilibria adjust. Using the model proposed by Calvert [10], with a ⋅|M|1 queue corresponding to the private transport route, and a bulk-service infinite server queue modelling the public transport route, we give a complete analysis of this system in the setting of probabilistic routing. We obtain the user equilibria (which are not always unique), and determine their stability.AMS subject classification: 60K30, 90B15, 90B20, 91A10, 91A13This revised version was published online in June 2005 with corrected coverdate 相似文献
44.
We present a numerical implementation of the parallel gradient distribution (PGD) method for the solution of large-scale unconstrained optimization problems. The proposed parallel algorithm is characterized by a parallel phase which exploits the portions of the gradient of the objective function assigned to each processor; then, a coordination phase follows which, by a synchronous interaction scheme, optimizes over the partial results obtained by the parallel phase. The parallel and coordination phases are implemented using a quasi-Newton limited-memory BFGS approach. The computational experiments, carried out on a network of UNIX workstations by using the parallel software tool PVM, show that parallelization efficiency was problem dependent and ranged between 0.15 and 8.75. For the 150 problems solved by PGD on more than one processor, 85 cases had parallelization efficiency below 1, while 65 cases had a parallelization efficiency above 1. 相似文献
45.
46.
刘崇新 《微电子学与计算机》1996,13(6):9-11
本文提出了以电流跟随器CF为基本电路元件的全集成MOSFET-C精确连续时间六阶低通滤波器电路,并应用PSPICE-Ⅱ通用模拟电路程序,对其幅频特性和相频特性进行了计算机仿真分析,得出了实用的结论。 相似文献
47.
48.
本文叙述了智能网的业务管理系统所实现的3种功能:业务管理功能,网络管理功能和业务管理访问功能,还介绍了业务管理和网络管理之间的关系,SMS的集中式和分布式两种体系结构及业务管理功能的设计方法和进一步研究方向。 相似文献
49.
James V. Crivello 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2007,45(18):4331-4340
The irradiation of hybrid photopolymer systems consisting of a free radically polymerizable multifunctional acrylate monomer and a cationically polymerizable epoxide or oxetane monomer was conducted under conditions where only the free radical polymerization takes place. This results in the formation of a free‐standing polyacrylate network film containing quiescent oxonium ions along with the unreacted cyclic ether monomer. The subsequent application of a point source of heat to the film ignites a cationic ring‐opening frontal polymerization that emanates from that site and propagates to all portions of the irradiated sample. This article examines the impact of various molecular structural and experimental parameters on these novel hybrid frontal polymerizations that produce interpenetrating network polymers. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 4331–4340, 2007 相似文献
50.
Identifying sets of key players in a social network 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A procedure is described for finding sets of key players in a social network. A key assumption is that the optimal selection
of key players depends on what they are needed for. Accordingly, two generic goals are articulated, called KPP-POS and KPP-NEG.
KPP-POS is defined as the identification of key players for the purpose of optimally diffusing something through the network
by using the key players as seeds. KPP-NEG is defined as the identification of key players for the purpose of disrupting or
fragmenting the network by removing the key nodes. It is found that off-the-shelf centrality measures are not optimal for
solving either generic problem, and therefore new measures are presented.
Stephen P. Borgatti is Professor of Organization Studies at the Carroll School of Management, Boston College. His research is focused on social
networks, social cognition and knowledge management. He is also interested in the application of social network analysis to
the solution of managerial problems. 相似文献