Effects of Oil on Aqueous Foams: Electrical Conductivity of Foamed Emulsions

Three‐phase foams containing dispersed oils (also called foamed emulsion) are usually encountered in such areas as enhanced oil recovery, food foams, and in foams containing antifoams. The presence of oil causes these complex fluids to exhibit extraordinary properties in contrast to aqueous foams. We experimentally investigated, for the first time, the conductive properties of the foamed emulsions and found that the electrical conductivity increases monotonically with the volumetric liquid fraction, presenting a linear relationship. Combined with the analysis on the foaming capacity and microstructure of this complex fluid, the conductive mechanism is revealed. In these foamed emulsions, the whole conductive network is comprised of two levels of structural hierarchy, which displays a different mechanism from those of the conventional aqueous foams. The lamella of emulsions is taken as primary electrical channel, whereas the secondary electrical channel occurs in the lamella between two bubbles. This conductive behaviour is attributed to the microstructure properties of the foamed emulsions. We believe that such findings are potentially important for a better understanding of the fundamentals of these tri‐phase dispersion systems.     

Controlled Synthesis of N‐Doped Carbon Nanospheres with Tailored Mesopores through Self‐Assembly of Colloidal Silica

Limited strategies have been established to prepare monodisperse mesoporous carbon nanospheres (MCNs) with tailored pore sizes. In this work, a method is reported to synthesize MCNs by combining polymerization of aniline with co‐assembly of colloidal silica nanoparticles. The controlled self‐assembly behavior of colloidal silica enables the formation of uniform composite nanospheres and convenient modulation over mesopores. After carbonization and removal of sacrificial templates, the resultant MCNs possess tunable mesopores (7–42 nm) and spherical diameters (90–300 nm), as well as high surface area (785–1117 m² g^?1), large pore volume (1.46–2.01 cm³ g^?1) and abundant nitrogen moieties (5.54–8.73 at %). When serving as metal‐free electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), MCNs with an optimum pore size of 22 nm, compared to those with 7 and 42 nm, exhibit the best ORR performance in alkaline medium.     

废旧锂离子电池基石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料制备及其电化学性能研究

以废旧手机锂离子电池回收的负极石墨粉制备的氧化石墨烯(GO)和苯胺单体为原料,利用GO活化H_2O_2产生的·OH为氧化剂,采用原位复合法制备了不同质量比的石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料,通过FTIR、XRD和SEM对其进行了表征,并利用循环伏安、交流阻抗、恒电流充放电等对其电化学性能进行测试。结果表明,该类石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料具有良好的电化学性能,当电流密度为100mA/g时,质量比为1∶10制备的石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料(rGO/PANI-10)的比电容达到481F/g,较石墨烯比容量(161F/g)提高了199%,较聚苯胺比容量(351F/g)提高了37%;在500mA/g电流密度下,rGO/PANI-10充放电循环1000圈后,电容保持率为77%,表现出较好的循环稳定性。     

PANI—PBOPy复合材料的制备及介电性能

采用甲基磺酸（MSA）掺杂聚苯胺（PANI）,并以MSA为溶剂,将其与聚（2,6-亚吡啶基）苯并二嗯唑（PBOPy）采用溶液共混法制备了不同PANI质量分数的PANIPBOPy复合材料。采用红外光谱、wXRD、Uv—Vis、TGA以及SEM对复合材料的结构和性能进行了表征。研究了PANI的质量分数、温度、频率等因素对PANIPBOPy复合材料导电性能和介电性能的影响。研究表明：当PANI的质量分数达到20％时,复合材料的电导率增大了10个数量级;复合材料的介电常数和介电损耗则随着PANI质量分数的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势,随着频率的升高先迅速降低而后趋于稳定,并且随温度升高而增大,40℃时PANI质量分数为15％的复合材料的介电常数约为230。     

导电聚合物

导电聚合物是20世纪70年代发展起来的一个研究领域,因其诱人的应用前景受到广泛重视,本文介绍了导电聚合物的发展和发展历史,综述了导电聚合物的结构和掺杂特征,制造方法,电导和电化学特性及其本征态共轭聚合物的光电特性,对导电聚合物当前的研究热点和应用前景进行了讨论。     

Electroactive conducting polymers for corrosion control

There is an intensive effort underway to develop new corrosion control coatings for structural metals. In part, this effort has been motivated by the desire to replace chromium(VI)-containing coatings currently used for corrosion control of iron and aluminum alloys. Cr(VI) has been shown to be hazardous to the environmental and to human health, and its use in many countries will be sharply curtailed in the coming years. Electroactive conducting polymers (ECPs) represent a class of interesting materials currently being explored for use in corrosion control coating systems, possibly as a replacement for Cr(VI)-based coatings. The electroactivity and the electronic conductivity (or semiconductivity) of ECPs set them apart from traditional organic coatings. As with chromate, interesting and potentially beneficial interactions of ECPs with active metal alloys such as steel and aluminum are anticipated, with concomitant alteration of their corrosion behavior. A review of this active research area will be presented in two parts. Here in Part 1, a general introduction to the topic of corrosion control by ECPs will be presented, including an overview of corrosion and its control by traditional methods, an introduction to ECPs and their properties, and a discussion of the processing issues surrounding the use of ECPs as coatings. Part 1 also includes a review of the literature on the use of ECPs as coatings (or components of coatings) on non-ferrous active metals, principally aluminum and aluminum alloys, although some work on zinc, copper, silver, titanium and silicon will also be described. In Part 2 of this review (to be published in the next issue of this journal), the rather extensive literature on the use of ECPs for the corrosion control of ferrous alloys (steels) will be reviewed. Electronic Publication     

Ag/PANI/Fe_2O_3复合纳米粒子的合成与催化性能

借助于PANI的还原性质,PANI/Fe2O3复合载体与AgNO3发生表面氧化还原反应,合成了Ag/PANI/Fe2O3复合纳米粒子。TEM和XRD结果表明,立方晶系纳米银的平均粒径10nm。FTIR结果表明,Ag与PANI及Fe2O3复合载体之间不存在化学键合作用,但由于PANI与Ag之间的电子相互作用,Ag/PANI/Fe2O3复合纳米粒子的FTIR吸收峰发生蓝移。Ag/PANI/Fe2O3复合纳米粒子对于间硝基苯磺酸钠的硼氢化钠还原反应表现出良好的催化活性,30min内间硝基苯磺酸钠的转化率达到86.77%。     

PANI膜电聚合过程及电控分离苯酚的EQCM研究

通过电沉积方法在镀铂石英晶片上制备了导电聚苯胺(PANI)膜,采用电化学石英晶体微天平(EQCM)技术探讨了苯胺聚合机制及在苯酚溶液中的氧化还原特性.在0.5 mol/L硫酸溶液中结合循环伏安法考察了PANI膜在完全还原态(L)-半氧化态(E)-完全氧化态(P)之间的电活性和稳定性;在不同浓度的苯酚溶液中结合恒电压阶跃...     

聚(3-烷基噻吩)的合成与应用研究进展

详述了聚(3-烷基噻吩)的化学合成方法、电化学合成方法及近期新兴的微波辐射辅助合成法;并总结了聚(3-烷基噻吩)在光伏电池材料、电致发光材料和热电材料等领域的应用研究及现状.