光斜入射时偏振器作用的表述

对偏振器特性的分析表明,当光斜入射时,振动方向与偏振器透光轴不平行的光也能通过偏振器,只要该方向与系统光轴与透光轴构成的平面平行。提出了透光平面的概念。利用欧拉角表示光波坐标系和偏振器坐标系之间的变换,得到透过偏振器后偏振光的振动方向及其大小的数学表述,给出了简化表达式及其使用条件。表达式具有一般性,可以直接使用。     

Modeling of pair distribution functions for XAFS in disordered systems

A commonly used expression for modeling the XAFS of highly disordered systems is shown to generate substantial systematic errors in the coordination number in many cases of practical interest. This expression is corrected and generalized. Further, a simpler and more flexible model distribution is proposed, and the corresponding XAFS expression is derived. Comparison with experimental and simulated data show that the new expressions are useful in cases of high disorder for which the cumulant expansion loses its utility, and they explicitly account for the k-dependence of the mean free path.     

Secretory Products in Petals of Centaurea cyanus L. Flowers: A Histochemistry,Ultrastructure, and Phytochemical Study of Volatile Compounds

(1) Background: Centaurea cyanus L. is a medicinal plant whose flowers are widely used in herbal medicine. The aim of the study was to localise flower tissues that are responsible for the production of secretory products in petals and to analyse the volatile compounds. The volatile compounds of the flowers of this species have not been investigated to date. (2) Methods: Light, fluorescence, scanning and transmission electron microscopy techniques were used in the study. Lipophilic compounds were localised in the tissues using histochemical assays. Volatile compounds were determined with the use of solid phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). (3) Results: The study showed production of secretion in the petal parenchyma, whose ultrastructure has features of a secretory tissue. The lipophilic secretion was localised in the cells and intercellular spaces of the parenchyma and in the walls and surface of epidermal cells, where it accumulated after release through cuticle microchannels. Sesquiterpenes were found to constitute the main group of volatile compounds, with the highest content of β-caryophyllene (26.17%) and α-humulene (9.77%). (4) Conclusions: Given the presence of some volatile components that are often found in resins (caryophyllene, delta-cadinene) and the abundant secretion residues on the epidermal surface, we suppose that the C. cyanus secretion released by the flowers is a resinaceous mixture (oleoresin), which is frequently found in plants, as shown by literature data. This secretion may play an important role in the therapeutic effects of C. cyanus flowers.     

多次散射中心横向位置属性及图像表征

多次散射结构是不可忽视的重要散射来源,其等效视在散射中心往往偏离目标区域,目前的解译和识别方法不具备对SAR图像中的多次散射中心现象进行散射机理和散射结构溯源的能力。为深入挖掘多次散射中心位置的本质,本文以散射中心的理论为基础,正向建立了具有明确物理含义的散射中心模型,揭示了多次散射中心横向位置与复杂多次射线路径的联系,解释了多普勒频率的形成机制,并探讨了其在雷达目标识别中的应用。首先,本文从电磁散射物理过程出发,推导了任意阶次射线场的解析表达式;其次,结合正向物理推导获取的雷达回波信号表达式与逆傅里叶变换,表征了目标在单站雷达上的图像特征,实现了散射中心三维空间位置在单站雷达图像中的直接映射;最后,通过仿真,构建了多次散射射线光程、回波信号相位表征、雷达图像散射中心位置三者之间的物理关联。     

YAM机、T特性设备视放板回路的调整和对彩管色平衡的影响

本文主要讲述了视放回路的原理、调整及其对彩管会聚、色平衡的影响.为解决视放回路过长而引起的视频延迟现象,专门设计了一套视频放大板,其中包括了预视放回路、视频延迟回路、视频放大输出部分及EK恒压源回路等.     

双脉冲电子束源实验研究

利用现有2MeV直线感应注入器,通过改造,将其次级功率源和8个感应腔分成2组,使之交替工作,建立了一台双脉冲电子束源。二极管电压脉冲幅度达到1MeV,电子束脉冲持续时间为120ns,脉冲间隔可以根据需要在100~500ns间进行调节。实验结果表明：该双脉冲电子束源可以产生双脉冲电子束,其电压幅度差值小于2%,束流可达3kA,并且工作稳定,利用该装置可以进行多脉冲二极管物理和天鹅绒多脉冲发射特性实验研究。     

轴向提取矩形波导TE10模虚阴极振荡器

轴向提取矩形波导TE10模虚阴极振荡器可以不需要模式转换器或弯曲过渡波导而直接通过天线轴向辐射微波,从而使微波源及其辐射系统更加紧凑。粒子模拟结果表明,在400 keV,8.9 kA的束流条件下,轴向提取矩形波导TE10模虚阴极振荡器在2.12 GHz处可以获得功率为500 MW的高功率微波输出,功率效率为14%,频率、模式纯净。这些结果为相同波段同类装置的小型化提供了一条可能的技术途径。     

同轴虚阴极振荡器实验研究

介绍了中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所关于同轴虚阴极振荡器实验的最新进展。实验结果表明,带阳极反射板结构的同轴虚阴极振荡器比不带阳极反射板结构的同轴虚阴极振荡器输出微波功率更高,频谱更纯。在二极管电压350 kV,电流23 kA条件下,输出微波峰值功率500 MW,能量转换效率约6.2%,工作频率为3.3 GHz。对实验结果进行了理论分析。     

X‐ray collimation by crystals with precise parabolic holes based on diffractive–refractive optics

Two crystals with precise parabolic holes were used to demonstrate sagittal beam collimation by means of a diffractive–refractive double‐crystal monochromator. A new approach is introduced and beam collimation is demonstrated. Two Si(333) crystals with an asymmetry angle of α = 15° were prepared and arranged in a dispersive position (+,?,?,+). Based on theoretical calculations, this double‐crystal set‐up should provide tunable beam collimation within an energy range of 6.3–18.8 keV (Θ_B = 71–18.4°). An experiment study was performed on BM05 at ESRF. Using 8.97 keV energy, the beam profile at various distances was measured. The experimental results are in good agreement with theoretical predictions. Owing to insufficient harmonic suppression, the collimated (333) beam was overlapped by horizontally diverging (444) and (555) beams.     

Wavelet processing and digital interferometric contrast to improve reconstructions from X‐ray Gabor holograms

In this work, the application of an undecimated wavelet transformation together with digital interferometric contrast to improve the resulting reconstructions in a digital hard X‐ray Gabor holographic microscope is shown. Specifically, the starlet transform is used together with digital Zernike contrast. With this contrast, the results show that only a small set of scales from the hologram are, in effect, useful, and it is possible to enhance the details of the reconstruction.