紧凑型X-pinch装置探头标定

 介绍了紧凑型X-pinch脉冲功率装置的电流电压测量设计方法。根据该装置的同轴传输线结构特点,研制了一种利用金属膜连接传输线外筒与负载外筒,构成回路测量负载电流的探头。在传输线末端设计电容分压器作为测量负载电压的探头,并利用电路模拟软件对此过程进行模拟,同时这两个探头需要进行在线标定。实验研究结果表明,该探头性能稳定、响应快,是测量负载电流与电压的理想工具。     

3D Printing of Capacitive Pressure Sensors with Tuned Wide Detection Range and High Sensitivity Inspired by Bio-Inspired Kapok Structures

Flexible pressure sensors have drawn considerable attention for their potential applications as electronic skins with both sensitivity and pressure response range. Although the introduction of surface microstructures effectively enhances sensitivity, the confined volume of their compressible structures results in a limited pressure response range. To address this issue, a biomimetic kapok structure is proposed and implemented for constructing the dielectric layer of flexible capacitive pressure sensors employing 3D printing technology. The structure is designed with easily deformable concave and rotational structures, enabling continuous deformation under pressure. This design results in a significant expansion of the pressure response range and improvement in sensitivity. Further, the study purposively analyses crucial parameters of the devised structure that affect its compressibility and stability. These include the concave angle θ, height ratio d₁/d₂, rotation angle α, and width k. As a result, the ultimate pressure sensors demonstrate remarkable features such as high sensitivity (≈2.38 kPa⁻¹ in the range of 0–10 kPa), broad detection range (734 kPa), fast response time (23 ms), and outstanding pressure resolution (0.4% at 500 kPa). This study confirms the viability of bionic structures for flexible sensors, and their potential to expand the scope of wearable electronic devices.     

石墨烯膜在水处理中的应用

节约用水和保护水资源,实现水资源的可持续利用,对人类和社会有着极其重要的意义。 石墨烯以sp²杂化方式形成的单原子层二维晶体,具有独特的电学、机械、热学性质,同时还拥有大的比表面积以及低廉的制造成本,近年来引起了水处理领域研究者们的兴趣。 本文概述了石墨烯膜应用于水处理方面的研究进展,同时对其在水处理应用方面还存在的问题及应用前景做了评论和展望。     

基于FPGA的高精度硅微谐振加速度计数据采集与参数补偿系统设计与实现

硅微谐振加速度计因具有小体积优势和高精度潜力,成为硅微惯性传感器研制的热点之一。频率信号的高精度采集和系统参数补偿是提高硅微谐振加速度计性能的重要手段之一。在分析硅微谐振加速度计工作机理的基础上,从双路差动频率信号的精确采集和系统误差参数补偿角度出发,分析了数据采集的原理,提出了一种高精度硅微谐振加速度计用数据采集与参数补偿方法。给出了设计思路和电路实现方法,讨论了误差来源与改进方法。所设计的数据采集系统针对中心频率18 k Hz.,标度因数400 Hz/g,量程±20g的加速度计,数据更新周期200 ms下频率分辨率为0.0005 Hz,等效加速度分辨率达到1.25μg。测试表明,补偿后的硅微谐振加速度计,在全温(-40~+70℃)内,K0温度系数从262μg/℃降低到29.9μg/℃,K1变化量从4.18%降低到2.04‰,全量程非线性从7.16‰降低到0.128‰,系统参数满足设计指标。     

MEMS电容式压力传感器检测电路比较研究

介绍了MEMS电容式压力传感器检测电路的5种实现方式:脉宽调制法、运算放大器法、电荷注入法、调频法和AC运放法。并从稳定性、测量灵敏度及抗杂散性等方面介绍了不同方式下检测电路的优缺点,为MEMS电容式压力传感器提供了参考。     

Effects of various solar indices on accuracy of Earth’s thermospheric neutral density models

Four kinds of solar indices F10.7, E10.7, S10, Mg10 and four thermospheric neutral density models, i.e., CIRA72, DTM94, NRLMSISE00 and JB2006, are discussed. The CHAMP accelerometer data are used to calculate thermospheric total mass density. Based on the comparison of the model densities with CHAMP observations, the effects of various indices on the model accuracy are detected. It is found that under quiet and moderate solar conditions (F10.7<160), all of the models’ errors are reduced about 15% by using E...     

互连线间容性串扰对延迟的影响

集成电路的性能越来越受到互连线间寄生效应的影响,特别是耦合电容的容性串扰,容性串扰引起互连线跳变模式相关的延迟。文中从E lm ore de lay定义的角度推导了互连线受同时跳变的阶跃信号激励时开关因子的大小,分析了互连线受非同时跳变的阶跃信号激励时耦合电容对互连线延迟的影响,给出了不同激励时的受害线延迟计算方法。分析表明,开关因子为0和2不能描述耦合电容对受害线延迟影响的下上限。H sp ice模拟结果证明了分析计算的准确性。     

低热固相法制备纳米MnO2/CNT超电容复合电极的循环稳定性

To improve the charge/discharge cycle stability of a nanostructured manganese dioxide electrode for supercapacitor applications, a series of nano-MnO2/carbon nanotube (CNT) hybrid electrode materials with different mass fractions of CNTs were prepared. The materials were prepared using a room-temperature solid-grinding reaction betweenMn(OAc)2·4H2Oand NH4HCO3 in the presence of CNTs to obtain a precursor. This was followed by calcination and an acid-treatment process and the products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface analysis. XRD results indicated that the MnO2 in the composites was nanostructured 酌-MnO2. Electrochemical performance of the MnO2/CNT composite electrodes in 1 mol·L-1 LiOH alkaline aqueous electrolyte was studied and compared to a pure nano-MnO2 electrode without CNTs. The MnO2/CNT composite electrodes with 10% or 20% (w, mass fraction) CNTs showed far superior cycle stability than the pure MnO2 electrode. The MnO2/CNT composite electrode with 10% CNTs exhibited good cycling stability and also a high specific capacitance of 200 F·g-1 at a high charge/discharge current rate of 1000 mA·g-1.     

捷联惯性导航系统误差工程化分析方法

针对设计捷联惯性导航系统时系统指标要求合理选择惯性传感器的问题,提出一种捷联惯性导航系统误差分析方法,建立了系统在不同工作条件下的误差模型,给出了在设计捷联惯性导航系统时,纯惯性导航时间小于2 min、位置误差小于100 m时选择陀螺和加速度计的方法。     

基于MEMS加速度计的倒置开关

运用MEMS加速度计MMA8453Q和单片机MSP430设计了一种针对放入式电子测压器的倒置 开关。利用加速度计方向检测功能,单片机通过I2C接口读取加速度,判断是否倒置。倒置开关经步进电机 多次旋转倒置测试成功率达到100%,并利用霍普金森杆进行了抗过载测试。结果表明,在受到45000g 冲击 后仍能正常工作,能满足火炮等高冲击场合的测试要求。