Elastic and viscoelastic solutions to rotating functionally graded hollow and solid cylinders

Analytical solutions to rotating functionally graded hollow and solid long cylinders are developed. Young＇s modulus and material density of the cylinder are assumed to vary exponentially in the radial direction, and Poisson＇s ratio is assumed to be constant. A unified governing equation is derived from the equilibrium equations, compatibility equation, deformation theory of elasticity and the stress-strain relationship. The governing second-order differential equation is solved in terms of a hypergeometric function for the elastic deformation of rotating functionally graded cylinders. Dependence of stresses in the cylinder on the inhomogeneous parameters, geometry and boundary conditions is examined and discussed. The proposed solution is validated by comparing the results for rotating functionally graded hollow and solid cylinders with the results for rotating homogeneous isotropic cylinders. In addition, a viscoelastic solution to the rotating viscoelastic cylinder is presented, and dependence of stresses in hollow and solid cylinders on the time parameter is examined.     

On the repeated natural frequencies for torsional vibration of shafts

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高速列车穿越有竖井隧道流场的特性研究

给出了高速列车穿越隧道压力波的三维粘性流场数值模拟过程,控制方程为三维粘性、可压缩、等熵和非定常流的Navier-Stokes方程,空间离散采用了中心有限体积法格式,时间采用预处理二阶精度多步后差分格式进行离散,对隧道壁面采用壁面函数处理。在模拟中考虑了竖井的位置、竖井的断面积、竖井的数目等因素对隧道内压力及压力梯度的影响。计算结果表明,竖井的存在改变了压缩波的波前形状,从而使得隧道内的压力变化的最大值降低,因而能够降低隧道内的压力梯度最大值,但它并不能延长压力上升的时间。     

考虑油膜力作用的船舶主推进系统冲击研究

舰船推进轴系是舰船动力装置的重要组成部分,它的稳定性是舰船生命力的基本保证.本文以舰船主推进轴系为研究对象,考虑了非线性油膜力的作用,在推进轴的非线性油膜力模型中,考虑了油膜涡动效应和挤压效应以及多个轴承油膜力的耦合影响,并考虑了轴承结构本身的刚度.文中采用弹性体动力学方法对推进轴建模,考虑了在外冲击作用下转速和轴承油膜力对于转轴冲击响应的影响,考虑横向运动与转动耦合作用,导出以非线性偏微分方程描述的舰船主推进轴的动力学方程,并用经典理论对其进行离散,最后采用龙格-库塔法进行数值仿真.实例分析指出转速对于转轴冲击响应的影响不可忽略.     

Vibration response of rotating mechanical systems using experimental techniques and artificial neural networks

A neural network predictor investigation is presented for analyzing vibration parameters of a rotating system. The vibration parameters of the system, such as amplitude, velocity, and accelertion in the vertical direction, were measured at the bearing points. The system's vibration and noise were analyzed for different working conditions. The designed neural predictor has three layers, which are input, hidden, and output layers. In the hidden layer, 10 neurons were used for this approximation. The results show that the network can be used as an analyzer of such systems in experimental applications.     

Bifurcation and universal unfolding for a rotating shaft with unsymmetrical stiffness

The 1/2 subharmonic resonance bifurcation and universal unfolding are studied for a rotating shaft with unsymmetrical stiffness. The bifurcation behavior of the response amplitude with respect to the detuning parameter was studied for this class of problems by Xiao et al. Obviously, it is highly important to research the bifurcation behavior of the response amplitude with respect to the unsymmetry of stiffness for this problem. Here, by means of the singularity theory, the bifurcation and universal unfolding of amplitude with respect to the unsymmetrical stiffness parameter are discussed. The results indicate that it is a high codimensional bifurcation problem with codimension 5, and the universal unfolding is given. From the mechanical background, we study four forms of two parameter unfoldings contained in the universal unfolding. The transition sets in the parameter plane and the bifurcation diagrams are plotted. The results obtained in this paper show rich bifurcation phenomena and provide some guidance for the analysis and design of dynamic buckling experiments of this class of system, especially, for the choice of system parameters. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (19990510), the National Key Basic Research Special Foundation (G1998020316) and Liuhui Center for Applied Mathematics, Nankai University and Tianjin University     

多台水泵并联的最优化方法

在城市污水处理系统中,由于来水流量的变化,往往需要开启多台水泵,传统的控制方法是基于专业人士依据自身经验对其进行控制,精确度不够,而且耗能巨大。通过对水泵各参数之间的关系进行较为系统的分析,建立水泵系统的数学模型,依据最优控制的方法,求出轴功率的最小值,并以此确定了开启水泵的台数、频率和流量等参数,实现了耗能最低。上述控制方法不仅适用于同一型号水泵并联,同时也为不同型号水泵并联提供了依据,达到了节能的目的。     

斜齿轮轴齿面激光熔覆过程中温度场的数值分析

对某汽轮机滑油泵转子的斜齿轮轴齿面的激光熔覆过程进行了研究,利用有限元软件ANSYS对其温度场进行了数值分析。结果表明,在齿面激光熔覆过程中,激光能量输入产生的热量大量集中在轮齿内部,且在熔覆层与齿根结合部位等温线分布比较密集,导致在轮齿内部出现较大的温度梯度,且激光输入产生的热量可对相邻轮齿产生预热的效果;计算结果还表明,越靠近齿顶,等温线越深入基体,若将轮齿的侧面和顶部同时熔覆,极易造成齿顶的过度熔化而塌陷。根据计算结果,提出了齿侧与齿顶分步熔覆的工艺,通过实际熔覆实验,在轮齿表面获得了连续、完整的熔覆层。     

红外连续变焦镜头凸轮曲线优化及运动学仿真

随着制造技术的发展, 机械补偿式变焦镜头的使用也越来越广泛.光学系统变焦的精确性、平滑性和驱动力均衡性主要取决于变焦凸轮, 而变焦凸轮的压力角与凸轮外径、凸轮转角范围以及变倍组的运动规律有关.本文以某款红外连续变焦镜头为例, 不改变凸轮外径和凸轮转角范围, 对变倍组的运动规律进行优化设计, 并通过ADAMS对优化后的模型进行运动学仿真.仿真结果表明:该优化方法可以降低变焦凸轮在短焦段和长焦段的压力角, 消除变倍组等速运动时的刚性冲击.     

基于ETPU的发动机同步策略研究

发动机同步是喷油系统工作的基础。文中针对发动机正常工作和“跛行回家”两种工况,从信号检测、同步策略设计、同步软件实现3个方面的研究。在信号检测的设计满足信号输入的正确性;同步策略的设计满足状态反映及时性和算法有效正确性;同步软件的设计满足协同部件低耦合原则。在此基础上进行了工程验证,证明了该方法的工程可行性。