Detection of heavy metals in Arabian crude oil residue using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was applied for the elemental analysis of Arabian crude oil residue samples. The spectra due to trace elements such as Ca, Fe, Mg, Cu, Zn, Na, Ni, K and Mo were recorded using this technique. The dependence of time delay and laser beam energy on the elemental spectra was also investigated. Prior to quantitative analysis, the LIBS system was calibrated using standard samples containing these trace elements. The results achieved through this method were compared with conventional technique like inductively coupled plasma.     

VARIATION OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF RADIATION CROSSLINKED RUBBER WITH STORAGE TIME

The effect of storage on physico-chemical properties of non-irradiated natural rubber and radiation vulcanized natural rubber （RVNR） were evaluated. The rubber films were stored under two different conditions, namely in open air and sealed polyethylene bags. The antioxidant, tris（nonylated phenyl） phosphite （TNPP） was used for preventing degradation of RVNR films. Gel content, cross-link density, tensile strength at break and 500% elongation of rubber films were measured. The results show that the retention （%） of tensile properties of rubber films with TNPP is higher than that of rubber films without antioxidants. The rubber films stored in polyethylene bags also show better retention of tensile properties than those of rubber films stored in open air.     

分次环的有限正规扩张

本文研究了群分次环的有限正规分次扩张问题．利用经典环论方法，得到一个群分次环与其有限正规分次扩张环之间关于分次Jacobson根和分次素根的关系，同时，给出了分次情形的Cutting down定理和Lying over定理．     

自发参量下转换双光子场的产生及其在光学计量中的应用

讨论自发参量魃光子场的产生机理，提出一种基于自发参量下转换双光子场绝在量子效率新方法。基于这一方法地光子计数型电倍增管的量子效率进行测量，并将实验结果与常规方法没得的结果进行比较。     

Construction and development of a new single-column simulated moving bed system on the laboratory scale

Simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography combines high productivity and high purities with reduced buffer consumption. We have developed a laboratory scale single column SMB (SC-SMB) unit with all four separation zones in one column. Distributors embedded within the chromatographic medium allow introduction and withdrawal of liquid between the zones. This single column unit exhibits homogenous packing in all zones, reduced headspace, less complex tubing, fewer valves, and almost undisturbed plug flow between the separation zones. The separation performance of the column was investigated with two different binary model mixtures. Furthermore, the SC-SMB unit is operated with a modified AKTA Explorer workstation, which has been specifically developed for the handling of biological fluids.     

Rheology and microstructures formation of immiscible model polymer blends under steady state and transient flows

Viscoelastic properties of model immiscible blend were studied here under steady state condition at different initial conditions and transient flow conditions. The flow‐induced microstructure has been studied on these model blends. For this system, the elastic properties of the blend are mainly governed by the interface. Measurement of the dynamic modulus and of the first normal stress difference, both reflecting this enhanced elasticity, have been used to prove the blend morphology. The dynamic moduli after cessation of shear flow, the mean diameter of the disperse phase as generated by the shear flow, have been calculated using the model of Palierne. A procedure based on a direct fitting of the dynamic moduli with the model is compared with the one that uses a weight relaxation spectrum. On the other hand, the steady state normal stress data have been related to the morphology of the blend by means of Doi and Ohta model. The specific interfacial area is found to be inversely proportional to the ratio of interfacial tension over shear stress for the blend. The flow behavior during transient shear flow was also discussed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 3519–3533, 2005     

Halting combustion waves with a fire break

A simple model for the propagation of an exothermic reaction is proposed in which the reactant ignites at a specified temperature. It is shown that the model supports waves of permanent form and the speed and stability of such waves is determined. Finally the behavior of this wave as it encounters a break in the fuel is considered. In particular results are obtained for the size of the break required to halt the wave.     

近垒能区6Li+208Pb熔合激发函数测量

测量了6Li+208Pb熔合反应近垒能区全熔合截面,并与考虑非弹道耦合和不考虑耦合的CCFUS程序计算做了比较. 结果表明在垒上能区,破裂使熔合截面减小,在垒下能区,破裂对熔合截面的影响基本上可以忽略.     

Bioactive steroidal glycosides from the marine sponge Erylus lendenfeldi

Bioassay-guided fractionation of the methanol extract of Erylus lendenfeldi using engineered strains of budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) has resulted in the isolation of the known compound eryloside A (1) and two new compounds, erylosides K (2) and L (3). The structures were established based mainly on 1D and 2D NMR data. The absolute stereochemistry of eryloside A, which had never been fully characterized, was determined using the modified Mosher's method. The absolute stereochemistry of eryloside K was determined by comparison with tetrahydroeryloside A. Compounds 1-3 exhibited selective cytotoxicity against a yeast strain (Δrad50) deficient in double strand break (DSB) repair.     

Degeneration character of gels under cyclic loading and its constitutive relation

An interesting degeneration behavior of gel materials under cyclic load is found in experiment. In order to explain this phenomenon, a constitutive model is proposed to simulate the microstructure of gels. Further the corresponding constitutive relation and its simplified form that contains six parameters is proposed to describe the nonlinearity and degeneration of gels under cyclic loading and unloading. The data of compression experiments for two typical gels are simulated by computer. The theoretical results are consistent with experiments very well.