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81.
The hydrolysis of chromate ion was studied potentiometrically in a concentration cell fitted with hydrogen electrodes by titrating basic NaCl–Na2CrO4 solutions with standardized HCl against a NaOH reference solution. The temperature was varied from 25 to 175°C at 25° intervals at the following ionic strengths (I): 0.1140, 0.2346, 0.5337, 0.9988, 2.940, and 5.239 (NaCl). Depending on the ionic strength, the molality of total chromium was varied from 0.001 to 0.100. The resulting titration curves could be resolved best in terms of three equilibria involving the formation of HCrO 4 (aq), Cr2O3– (aq), and CrO3Cl (aq). The equilibrium quotients for all three reactions were fitted as a function of temperature and ionic strength, and the molal thermodynamic parameters that were computed from these relationships are tabulated at specific ionic strengths over the experimental temperature range.  相似文献   
82.
选用1-乙烯基-3-乙基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([VElm]BF4,一种离子液体)作为功能单体,以Co2+为介导离子,结合1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([BMIM]BF4)/二甲基亚砜(DMSO)二元致孔体系制备了绿原酸印迹整体柱。经过对制备参数的考察,确定最佳比例为绿原酸:Co2+:[VElm]BF4:EDMA(乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯)(摩尔比)=1:1:5:20,[BMIM]BF4:DMSO=3:1(V/V),最大印迹因子达2.10。通过优化色谱条件,最终在乙腈:20 mmol/L乙酸钠缓冲液(pH 4.2)=70:30(V/V)时实现了绿原酸及其类似物的完全分离。由此可见,以离子液体为功能单体及致孔剂,在金属介导策略下制备的分子印迹聚合物可实现绿原酸的特异性识别及分离。  相似文献   
83.
The results detail a novel methodology for the electrochemical determination of ammonia based on its interaction with hydroquinone in DMF. It has been shown that ammonia reversibly removes protons from the hydroquinone molecules, thus facilitating the oxidative process with the emergence of a new wave at less positive potentials. The analytical utility of the proposed methodology has been examined with a linear range from 10 to 95 ppm and corresponding limit-of-detection of 4.2 ppm achievable. Finally, the response of hydroquinone in the presence of ammonia has been examined in the room temperature ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluormethylsulfonyl)imide, [EMIM][N(Tf)2]. Analogous voltammetric waveshapes to that observed in DMF were obtained, thereby confirming the viability of the method in either DMF or [EMIM][N(Tf)2] as solvent.  相似文献   
84.
凝胶型聚合物电解质的电导率与温度的关系孙晓光,林云青,齐力,景遐斌,王佛松(中国科学院长春应用化学研究所长春130022)关键词凝胶电解质,离子电导率,活化能无定形聚合物电解质电导与温度的依赖关系一般可用Vogel-Tamman-Fulcherc(V...  相似文献   
85.
The absorption spectra of a number of cationic-anionic polymethine dyes in polar, low-polarity, and nonpolar solvents were studied. It was established that in polar solvents the absorption spectra represent the sum of the absorption spectra of the cation and anion, whereas in nonpolar and low-polarity solvents, in many cases the appearance of a short-wave absorption band is observed, due to interaction of the chromophores of the cation and anion in ion pairs. In solvents of intermediate polarity (for example, in chloroform and ethyl acetate), a concentration dependence of the absorption spectra is observed, determined by the equilibria of ionic dissociation. The ionic dissociation constants of a number of cationic-anionic dyes in chloroform and ethyl acetate were determined by a conductometric method. The thermodynamic data obtained are compared with the spectral data.N. N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117977 Moscow. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 11, pp. 2524–2532, November, 1992.  相似文献   
86.
陈婷  续艳丽  张文  闫君  彭涛 《色谱》2019,37(9):1019-1025
建立了全自动QuEChERS样品制备系统结合高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)同时检测植物源性食品中34种农药残留的分析方法。方法利用全自动QuEChERS样品制备系统涡旋振动和离心功能,将手动QuEChERS方法中样品提取和分散固相萃取相结合;优化了操作参数及前处理步骤,在多反应监测(MRM)模式下检测,基质匹配外标法定量。从方法学验证角度对全自动QuEChERS法与手动QuEChERS法进行了比较。结果表明:该方法中大多数农药在一定范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数(R2)均大于0.99,检出限为0.76~3.60 μg/kg,定量限为2.28~10.80 μg/kg,加标回收率为53.0%~125.2%,相对标准偏差(RSD)<15.9%(n=5)。该方法与手动QuEChERS法的方法验证比对结果显示差异不明显,用于植物源性食品中多农药残留检测可有效降低劳动强度和出错概率。  相似文献   
87.
A precursor of Ce0.8Y0.2O1.9(YDC) solid electrolyte was synthesized by the gol-gel method. YDC and phosphates powders were prepared by mixing the YDC and phosphates according to different weight ratios. The mixtures of the YDC and binary phosphates were ground and sintered at 1 400 ℃. The proton conductivity in solid electrolyte of the sintered samples was examined using electrochemical methods at 400~800 ℃. Ammonia was synthesized from nitrogen and hydrogen at atmospheric pressure in the solid state proton conducting cell reactor. The optimal condition for the ammonia production was determined. The result indicated that composite electrolyte of 80wt% YDC: 20wt% binary phosphates as proton conductor could obtain the highest ionic conductivity and ammonia production rate among the four samples, the rate of evolution of ammonia was up to 9.5 × 10-9 mol·s-1·cm-2.  相似文献   
88.
Metathesis of hex-1-ene in ionic liquids catalyzed by WCl6 was studied. The metathesis is preceded by isomerization of hex-1-ene to hex-2-ene, from which the main reaction product, viz., oct-4-ene, is derived. The WCl6-1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIM·BF4) system efficiently catalyzes metathesis of linear olefin, the ionic liquid serving as the reaction medium by forming a stable homogeneous catalytic system with WCl6. The yields of the metathesis products increase with increasing reaction temperature. The addition of tin-containing promoters leads to a substantial increase in the reaction rate. In the WCl6-BMIM·BF4-SnBu4 system, the selectivity of the formation of oct-4-ene is significantly enhanced.__________Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 10, pp. 2094–2097, October, 2004.  相似文献   
89.
The influence of catalysts, acid chlorides, and solvents on the acylation of methyl 2-methyl-4H-thieno[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylate was studied. The use of AlCl3 allows the regioselective introduction of the acyl group into position 3 to be performed, whereas the acyl group is regioselectively introduced into position 6 of thienopyrrole when SnCl4 is used.  相似文献   
90.
GC-MS法测定粮谷及油料中55种有机磷农药残留量   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
王明泰  牟峻  吴剑  李爱军  周晓 《分析试验室》2006,25(11):110-117
采用ASE-300快速溶剂萃取仪提取样品中农药残留量,提取液经二氯甲烷液-液分配、凝胶色谱柱(GPC)净化,固相萃取柱(活性炭)再净化,浓缩定容后,用气相色谱-质谱仪(GC-MS)测定,外标法定量.采用选择离子检测进行阳性确证.选择玉米、糙米、大豆、花生为实验样品、敌敌畏等55种农药添加水平在0.5~2.00 mg/kg时,该方法回收率为68%~117%;精密度为4.04%~11.76%;方法测定低限为0.005~0.100 mg/kg,各项指标均满足有关要求.  相似文献   
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