Multifunctional fibrous wound dressings for refractory wound healing

Refractory wounds have always been an important issue to healthcare systems, whose healing process is always delayed by multiple factors, including bacterial infections, chronic inflammation, and excessive exudates, etc. Employing multifunctional wound dressings is recognized as an effective strategy to deal with refractory wounds, which has yielded promising outcomes in recent years. Among these advanced wound dressings, fibrous dressings have gained growing attention due to their unique merits. Such wound dressings have demonstrated great potential in delivering theranostic agents, such as antibacterial agents, anti-inflammatory drugs, growth factors, and diagnostic probes, etc., for the purposes of accelerating wound healing. This paper reviews the development of multifunctional fibrous dressings and their applications in treating refractory wounds. The construction approaches of novel fibrous dressing with capabilities of antibacterial, anti-inflammation, exudate management and diagnosis were also introduced. Furthermore, the existing problems and challenges are also discussed briefly.     

一种基于RepRap开源3D打印平台的低成本、自动化核酸提取系统

自动化核酸提取技术对于核酸扩增和高通量测序等分子检测应用至关重要.当前,大部分商用自动化核酸提取仪主要以磁分离技术为主,采用高度集成的封闭式结构设计方案,成本高,且不利于在资源有限的环境下使用.此外,核酸样本处理功能模块一旦固定,便很难根据需要对其功能更新和拓展.为了应对上述挑战,该文在基于"快速复制原型机(RepRa...     

A Small-Molecule Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Dye for in vivo NIR-IIa Fluorescence Bioimaging

Organic small-molecule fluorophores with near-infrared IIa (NIR-IIa) emission have great potential in pre-clinical detection and inoperative imaging due to the high-spatial resolution and deep penetration. However, developments of the NIR-IIa fluorophores are still facing considerable challenges. In this work, a series of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based fluorophores were designed and synthesized. Subsequently, nanomaterial T25@F127 with significant NIR-IIa emission properties was rationally prepared by encapsulating DPP-based fluorophore T25 , and was selected for fluorescence angiography and cerebral vascular microscopic imaging with nearly 800 μm penetrating depth and excellent signal-background ratio of 4.07 and 2.26 (at 250 and 400 μm), respectively. Furthermore, the nanomaterial T25@cRGD with tumor targeting ability can image tiny metastatic tumor on intestine with a small size of 0.3 mm×1.0 mm and high-spatial resolution (SBR=3.84). This study demonstrates that the nanomaterials which encapsulated T25 behave as excellent NIR-IIa fluorescence imaging agents and have a great potential for in vivo biological application.     

飞行时间质谱仪固体样品自动进样系统研制

以常规型飞行时间质谱仪为基础,通过配置移动平台、样品杆、工业相机、LED灯源、工业显示屏等部件,研制了一套飞行时间质谱仪用固体样品自动进样系统,实现了固体有机样品的直接进样分析。该装置具有一定的普适性,可为相关实验室设备升级改造提供借鉴和参考。该装置可进行难溶未知有机化合物的结构剖析,实现目标物的快速筛查,且操作人员可实时观测锥孔处样品状态并可软件操控进样位置,实现人机分离的自动化测试。     

Automated chemical resonance generation and structure filtration for kinetic modeling

This work discusses efficient and automated methods for constructing a set of representative resonance structures for arbitrary chemical species, including radicals and biradicals, consisting of the elements H, C, O, N, and S. Determining the representative reactive structures of chemical species is crucial for identification of reactive sites and consequently applying the correct reaction templates to generate the set of important reactions during automated chemical kinetic model generation. We describe a fundamental set of resonance pathway types, accounting for simple resonating structures, as well as global approaches for polycyclic aromatic species. Automatically discovering potential localized structures along with filtration to identify the representative structures was shown to be robust and relatively fast. The algorithms discussed here were recently implemented in the Reaction Mechanism Generator (RMG) software. The final structures proposed by this method were found to be in reasonable agreement with quantum chemical computation results of localized structure contributions to the resonance hybrid.     

One-Step Nucleic Acid Purification and Noise-Resistant Polymerase Chain Reaction by Electrokinetic Concentration for Ultralow-Abundance Nucleic Acid Detection

Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs)integrated on a chip hold great promise for point-of-care diagnostics. Currently, nucleic acid (NA) purification remains time-consuming and labor-intensive, and it takes extensive efforts to optimize the amplification chemistry. Using selective electrokinetic concentration, we report one-step, liquid-phase NA purification that is simpler and faster than conventional solid-phase extraction. By further re-concentrating NAs and performing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in a microfluidic chamber, our platform suppresses non-specific amplification caused by non-optimal PCR designs. We achieved the detection of 5 copies of M. tuberculosis genomic DNA (equaling 0.3 cell) in real biofluids using both optimized and non-optimal PCR designs, which is 10- and 1000-fold fewer than those of the standard bench-top method, respectively. By simplifying the workflow and shortening the development cycle of NAATs, our platform may find use in point-of-care diagnosis.     

不同月经周期乳腺增生的超声图像分析

本文对不同月经周期乳腺增生的超声图像特征进行了分析。研究对象为选取2017年6月~2019年6月本院乳腺增生患者102例,所有患者均于不同月经周期(月经期、增殖期、分泌期)给予彩色多普勒超声检查,并检测性激素[雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P)],分析不同月经周期乳腺增生的超声图像特征。结果显示,102例乳腺增生患者中,彩色多普勒超声诊断符合98例,符合率为96.08%,与病理结果比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);乳腺增生患者增殖期乳腺腺体层厚度、导管宽度、乳房胀痛率、E2水平均明显高于月经期、分泌期,增殖期P水平明显低于分泌期但明显高于月经期,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),分泌期乳腺腺体层厚度、导管宽度、乳房胀痛率、E2水平均高于月经期,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。本文证实了彩色多普勒超声对乳腺增生具有良好的诊断价值,且不同月经周期乳腺增生的超声图像特征存在差异,可有效评价患者月经周期与性激素、增生性病变的关系。     

Polyoxometalate-Based Nanomaterials Toward Efficient Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy

As an emerging class of inorganic metal oxides, organically functionalized polyoxometalates (POMs) or POM-based nanohybrids have been demonstrated promising potential for the inhibition of various cancer types by the virtue of their diversity in structures and significantly reduced toxicity. This contribution summarizes the latest achievement of POM-based nanomaterials in cancer diagnosis and various therapeutics to put forward our fundamental viewpoints on the design principles of modified POMs based on their application. In addition, major challenges and perspectives in this field are also discussed. We expect that this review will provide a valuable and systematic reference for the further development of POM-based nanomaterials.     

自动电位滴定法测定冷轧薄板酸洗液中总酸度

自动电位滴定法测定酸液中总酸度具有简单、快捷、不受其他元素干扰等优点。用硫代硫酸钠掩蔽铁离子,利用自动电位滴定仪测定冷轧薄板酸洗液的总酸度(以盐酸量计)。当电位突变达30mV以上时,仪器自动判定滴定终点。自动电位滴定法测定冷轧薄板酸洗液中总酸度结果与酸碱中和滴定方法具有较好的一致性。相对标准偏差小于0.6%,能够满足生产检验的要求。     

多层螺旋CT诊断甲状腺癌中的辐射和对比剂剂量选择

本文对多层螺旋CT（MSCT）诊断甲状腺癌中的辐射和对比剂剂量选择进行了分析。选取2016年12月～2018年12月本院行MSCT检查的甲状腺癌、甲状腺良性结节患者各200例,依据随机数字表分为A组、B组、C组、D组,每组50例,A组参数为对比剂1.2 mL/kg、120 kV、180 mA,B组为对比剂1.0 mL/kg、120 kV、180 mA,C组为对比剂1.2 mL/kg、100 kV、100 mA,D组为对比剂1.0 mL/kg、100 kV、100 mA。结果显示,A组和B组CT容积剂量指数（CTDIvol）、剂量长度乘积（DLP）、有效辐射剂量（ED）明显低于C组和D组,A组和B组甲状腺CT值、背景信号、背景噪声明显高于C组和D组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,A组、B组、C组、D组信噪比（SNR）、对比信噪比（CNR）、图像质量评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;A组、B组、C组、D组诊断甲状腺癌的敏感度、特异度、准确度比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。本文证实,对于MSCT诊断甲状腺癌中的辐射和对比剂剂量,选择1.0 mL/kg、100 kV、100 mA可在不严重影响图像质量及检查结果下有效减少患者的CT辐射,值得临床推广。