The Reaction and Applied Study of the Amide and P_2S_5

It is usually reported that reaction between carbonyl and P2S5 produce thiono group compound. The Products from carbonyl after ammonolysis and hydrazinolysis have the very import applied value in the synthesize of heterocyclic compound. Sulfuration reation if a nucleophilic attack, SPS2 anionsid obtained from P2S5 in the organic sovent, rather easier than thereationsof scheeren’s reagent. The reation mechanism is as follows: The reation speed has something todo with the electronegative of…     

Solvent-free direct regioselective ring opening of epoxides with imidazoles

The reaction of different epoxides with commercially available imidazole at 60 °C leads to the formation of the corresponding 1-(β-hydroxyalkyl)imidazoles in a regioselective manner. When the reaction is applied to a chiral epoxide [(R)-styrene oxide], the expected chiral alcohol is isolated with the same enantiomeric excess. The use of benzimidazole as the heterocyclic component in the same process also allows the simple preparation of the corresponding 1-(β-hydroxyalkyl)benzimidazoles.     

Computational study of epoxy-amine reactions

Density functional theory calculations were carried out for the title reactions. Ethylene oxide and methylamine were adopted as reactants. Amine clusters (dimer, trimer, tetramer, and pentamer) were considered, because the combination of one oxide and one amine molecule gave a large activation energy. An amine tetramer was found to react favorably with the oxide via various zwitterionic intermediates. A back-side S(N)2 nucleophilic attack of one amine and the subsequent proton relay up to the front side provide a stabilized reaction field. The amine-alcohol mixed reactant may react readily with the oxide, because the alcoholic O-H group is in contact with the oxide oxygen with the strong hydrogen-bond stabilization.     

Synthesis of 1-oxa-2-silacyclopentane derivatives via intramolecular nucleophilic attack at silicon

Metalation of (HSiMe₂)₃CH with lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) in THF gives (HSiMe₂)₃CLi, which reacts with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, 1,2-epoxy butane, 1,2-epoxy pentane, 1,2-epoxy hexane, and epichlorohydrin to give the corresponding 1-oxa-2-silacyclopentane derivatives. Then, glycidylmethacrylate (GM) random copolymers with styrene (St) (in a 1:1 and 1:3 mol ratio) were synthesized by solution free radical polymerization at 70(±1) °C using α,α′-azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) as an initiator. Both types of copolymers were treated with (HSiMe₂)₃CLi to give new modified copolymers. The reaction of (HSiMe₂)₃CLi with epoxides on the side chains of the copolymers does not lead to intramolecular nucleophilic attack contrary to simple epoxides. All the products have been characterized by spectroscopic techniques.     

Überraschende Reaktionen an O-Methyl-1,1-dithiooxalaten

Surprising Reactions on O-Methyl-1,1-dithiooxalates The O-methyl-1,1-dithiooxalate ligand (i-dtoMe) reacts with metal^II-acetylacetonates of d⁸ metal centers (Ni^II, Pd^II) forming mononuclear mixed ligand complexes with two remarkable aspects: The formation of a perthioligand, first time described for thiooxalates, and the first example of a nucleophilic attack of a CH-acidic compound (acetylacetonate) on dithiocarbon of coordinated dithiocompounds (here i-dtoMe). X-ray structure is shown for Ph₄P[(ptoMe)Ni(i-dtoMeacac)].     

强口令认证协议的组合攻击

基于强口令的身份认证机制是目前身份认证技术发展的一个重要方向.本文对IEICE上新近提出的一个优化强口令身份认证协议OSPA(Optimal Strong-Password Authentication)进行了分析,并利用本文首次提出的组合攻击方法对其进行了有效攻击.攻击结果表明该协议对凭证被窃问题、中间人攻击、重放攻击和拒绝服务攻击是脆弱的.     

Phishing attacks discovery based on HTML layout similarity

Based on the similarity of the layout structure between the phishing sites and real sites,an approach to discover phishing sites was presented.First,the tag with link attribute as a feature was extracted,and then based on the feature,the page tag sequence branch to identify website was extracted,followed by the page layout similarity-HTMLTagAntiPhish,the alignment of page tag sequence tree into the alignment of page tag sequence branches was converted,this converted two-dimention tree structure into one-dimention string structure,and finally through the substitution matrix of bioinfor-matics BLOSUM62 coding,alignment score quickly to improve the phishing sites detection efficiency was computed.A series of simulation experiments show that this approach is feasible and has higher precision and recall rates.     

A mathematical model for a distributed attack on targeted resources in a computer network

A mathematical model has been developed to analyze the spread of a distributed attack on critical targeted resources in a network. The model provides an epidemic framework with two sub-frameworks to consider the difference between the overall behavior of the attacking hosts and the targeted resources. The analysis focuses on obtaining threshold conditions that determine the success or failure of such attacks. Considering the criticality of the systems involved and the strength of the defence mechanism involved, a measure has been suggested that highlights the level of success that has been achieved by the attacker. To understand the overall dynamics of the system in the long run, its equilibrium points have been obtained and their stability has been analyzed, and conditions for their stability have been outlined.     

Research on HTML5 application cache poison attack

HTML5 application cache (AppCache) allowed Web browser to access Web offline.But it also brought a new method of cache poisoning attack that was more persisting.As for websites which used the AppCache,a novel poisoning method RFTM (replace file twice method),in which the attacker replaced the manifest file twice to poison the client’s AppCache,was proposed.Compared with the original attack,the legal server would not receive abnormal HTTP requests from the client in the attack.Therefore,changing the server configuration could not prevent the client from the RFTM AppCache poisoning.To avoid the attack mentioned above,a lightweight signature defense scheme Sec-Cache in application layer was designed.Furthermore,experiments show that it has good performance and compatibility.