基于双定性原则的高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测法分析中药组分

双定性是根据样品的保留时间和吸收光谱的特征峰进行复合定性的一种新方法。该文基于自行设计及组装的二极管阵列检测器,构建了一套液相色谱-二极管阵列检测系统。采用该色谱系统分别对6种中药饮片中的非法添加物金胺O和枣仁天麻胶囊中的有效成分五味子醇甲进行了分离及定性研究。结果显示,在蒲黄饮片和枣仁天麻胶囊样品色谱图中均存在与目标检测物保留时间接近的色谱峰,进一步通过吸收光谱的特征峰比对,均排除了目标物存在的可能。应用结果证明,基于保留时间/吸收光谱的双定性原则,可以有效排除样品中杂质的干扰,避免假阳性结果,为中药组分研究提供了参考方法。     

Development and validation of a RP-HPLC method for Roflumilast and its degradation products

Roflumilast is a phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitor that is administered orally as a long-term, in the clinical treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Launched in 2010 for the European market, it currently does not have an official monograph. Here, a reproducible gradient RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the separation and determination of Roflumilast in the presence of its six major degradation products. Separation was performed on a C₁₈ analytical column (250?×?4.6?mm, 5?µm) with a mobile phase-A of ACN and a phase-B of ammonium acetate buffer (5?mM, pH 4.2) containing triethylamine (0.5% v/v). The most effective RP-HPLC gradient program was determined to be 0/80, 35/10, 36/80, 40/80 (time in minutes/% mobile phase-B). The flow rate was 1.0?ml/min and the column temperature was 25°C. The success of separation of the degradation products with different chemical characteristics was obtained by extending the time of the gradient, changing the proportion of the mobile phases and increasing the velocity of the flow. Two detectors were evaluated for the identification of degradation products and Roflumilast: a diode-arrary detector and a charged aerosol detector. The inability of the charged aerosol detector to dectect one of the six degradation products indicated that the method developed with RP-HPLC and the diode-array detector was more suitable for Roflumilast analysis. The method was validated according to specificity, linearity, LOD, LOQ, accuracy, precision and robustness.     

Determination of the transplacental transfer of paclitaxel and antipyrine by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detector

Ex vivo placental perfusion experiments are important in understanding the quantity and mechanisms of xenobiotic transport to the fetus during pregnancy. Our study demonstrates that paclitaxel and antipyrine concentrations in placental perfusion medium containing physiological concentrations of human serum albumin during pregnancy (30?mg/mL) can be quantified by RP-HPLC and UV detection. A liquid-liquid extraction method was developed for the quantification of paclitaxel and celecoxib (internal standard) from perfusion medium. Antipyrine, which is a necessary marker in placental perfusions for determining the validity of experiments and calculating the clearance index of xenobiotics, was also analyzed by HPLC and UV detection. Antipyrine concentrations were determined by HPLC after precipitating the perfusion medium in acetonitrile and separating the precipitated proteins by centrifugation. Concentrations were fitted to linear regressions with R² values approaching 1. Lower limits of detection for paclitaxel and antipyrine were 100?ng/mL and 200?ng/mL, respectively. Both methods demonstrated high intra-day and inter-day precision and trueness. Additionally, the use of these methods was demonstrated in a placental perfusion experiment using Taxol^® (paclitaxel dissolved in Cremophor-EL). The fetal transfer rate of Taxol was 6.6% after 1 hour.     

Multivariate analysis of non-homogeneous peaks in liquid chromatography

Summary The effects of concentration, separation and spectral similarity as factors influencing the accuracy of iterative target testing factor analysis (ITT-FA) are investigated for three component systems by the application of analysis of variance (ANOVAR). ANOVAR is applied over a range of peak separations to map the changing effects of the three factors with increasing overlap. Two error responses were measured and analysed, (a) Relative cluster error (RCE) a measure of the error over all peaks in a cluster and (b) Relative peak error (RPE) the error of an individual peak. Multicomponent analysis (MCA) a method requiringa priori spectral information, is used as a referee method for ITT-FA.     

多波长薄层扫描分析非那西丁和咖啡因

将阵列感光的光纤光谱仪与二维电移平台结合,完成多波长薄层反射扫描定量,提供二阶张量数据输出.设计的仪器采取“弓”形二维移动扫描,探头与薄层板间距2mm,能在200ms积分时间内同时获取紫外—近红外2048个波长响应值,利用Kubelka-Munk函数积分值定量,提高了薄层扫描定量的线性度和准确度,检出范围覆盖纳克到毫克...     

Method of gas mixtures discrimination based on sensor array, temporal response and data driven approach

This work presents a method of gas mixtures discrimination. The principal concept of the method is to apply measurement data provided by a combination of sensors at single time point of their temporal response as input of the discrimination models. The pattern data combinations are selected for classes of target gases based on the criterion of 100% efficient discrimination. Combinations of sensors and time points, which provide pattern data combinations in course or repeated measurements, are encoded in the form of addresses. The designer of sensor system is responsible for their selection and they are included in the software of the final instrument. The study of the method involved the discrimination of gas mixtures composed of air and single chemical: hexane, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate and toluene. Two sensor arrays were utilized. Each consisted of six TGS sensors of the same type. The dynamic operation of sensors was employed. As an example the stop-flow mode was chosen. The work provides the evidence of the existence of sensor combinations and time points, which are successful in discrimination of studied classes of target gases. The persistence of addresses was discussed considering the ability of sensor array to recognize analytes, variability of repeated measurement results, number of repeated measurements and a twin sets of sensors. Altogether, the validity of the method was demonstrated.     

外腔锁相半导体激光器列阵的稳态分析

给出了描述半导体激光器列阵(LDA)稳定状态的非线性方程组。对非线性方程组进行了分析,研究了LDA在稳态运行时的特性。分别分析了LDA在同相模运行和反相模运行时,载流子浓度、振荡频率以及光子数密度与自由运行时相比较所发生的变化。     

Fe2O3/TiO2纳米管阵列的制备及其光催化性能

在钛基体上采用阳极氧化法制备了TiO₂纳米管阵列,采用化学浴方法在TiO₂纳米管阵列上修饰了Fe₂O₃纳米颗粒.利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射和紫外可见漫反射光谱等手段对材料进行了表征,同时测试了材料的光电化学性能及其光催化降解亚甲基蓝染料废水的性能.结果表明,Fe₂O₃纳米颗粒的修饰将TiO₂纳米管阵列的光响应拓宽至可见光区域,提高了光电流,Fe₂O₃/TiO₂纳米管阵列的光电流是未修饰的TiO₂纳米管阵列的9倍.而在光催化反应中,亚甲基蓝最高降解率可达80%,比未修饰的TiO₂纳米管阵列高出30%.