基于叠栅条纹的光刻对准理论分析及标定方法

在线光栅用于纳米光刻对准理论的基础上,为实现光栅方向的标定和掩模硅片对准,提出一种利用相位斜率消除角位移的新方法,并给出线光栅标记及其对准原理。在对准前,掩模对准标记和硅片对准标记存在角位移,重点讨论了此种情况下叠栅条纹的特性以及与光栅物理参数的关系,并给出了相应的计算公式。基于傅里叶频域分析法,对叠栅条纹频率成分与条纹的关系做了简要分析。利用提取叠栅条纹行列方向的一维相位,通过数据拟合,得出了相位斜率与角位移的内在关系,实现了条纹方向的标定。模拟实验结果表明,该方法简单可靠,可分辨的最小角位移低于0.02°。     

Novel multisection design of anisotropic diffusion phantoms

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging provides access to fiber pathways and structural integrity in fibrous tissues such as white matter in the brain. In order to enable better access to the sensitivity of the diffusion indices to the underlying microstructure, it is important to develop artificial model systems that exhibit a well-known structure, on the one hand, but benefit from a reduced complexity on the other hand. In this work, we developed a novel multisection diffusion phantom made of polyethylene fibers tightly wound on an acrylic support. The phantom exhibits three regions with different geometrical configuration of fibers: a region with fibers crossing at right angles, a region with parallel fibers and homogeneous density, and, finally, a region with parallel fibers but with a gradient of fiber density along the axis of symmetry. This gives rise to a gradual change of the degree of anisotropy within the same phantom. In this way, the need to construct several phantoms with different fiber densities is avoided, and one can access different fractional anisotropies in the same experiment under the same physical conditions. The properties of the developed phantom are demonstrated by means of diffusion tensor imaging and diffusion kurtosis imaging. The measurements were performed using a diffusion-weighted spin-echo and a diffusion-weighted stimulated-echo pulse sequence programmed in-house. The influence of the fiber density packing on the diffusion parameters was analyzed. We also demonstrate how the novel phantom can be used for the validation of high angular resolution diffusion imaging data analysis.     

The Wigner distribution functions of coherent and partially coherent Bessel-Gaussian beams

Based on the integral representation of the Bessel functions and the generating function of the Tricomi function, an analytical expression of the Wigner distribution function (WDF) for a coherent or partially coherent Bessel-Gaussian beam is presented. The reduced two-dimensional WDFs are also demonstrated graphically, which reveals the dependence of the reduced WDFs on the beam parameters.     

Modeling and passivity analysis of nonholonomic Hamiltonian systems with rheonomous affine constraints

This paper is devoted to modeling and theoretical analysis of Hamiltonian systems subject to nonholonomic rheonomous affine constraints. We first define rheonomous affine constraints and explain geometric representation of them. Next, a complete nonholonomicity condition for the rheonomous affine constraints is developed in terms of the rheonomous bracket. Then, the nonholonomic Hamiltonian system with rheonomous affine constraints (NHSRAC) is derived via a transformation and model reduction for the expanded Hamiltonian system defined on the expanded phase space. After that, we investigate passivity of the NHSRAC with the control input term and the output equation. Finally, in order to confirm the application potentiality of our new results, we show an example, a radius-variable ball on rotating table with a time-varying angular velocity.     

线性阵列优化布局的解决方案

以提高现场扩声质量为出发点,介绍了当前线性阵列音箱的优化布局工具EASE Focus软件.通过图形界面分步骤讲解了线性阵列声场设计软件的主要功能,并运用实例对软件的各项功能的应用展开描述.     

角闪烁背景下基于IMM算法的末制导雷达目标跟踪

为了抑制末制导雷达目标跟踪过程中的角闪烁噪声,对闪烁噪声的统计特性进行了分析,建立了符合其分布的统计模型及系统的状态空间模型,用交互多模型算法解决了角闪烁背景下的目标跟踪问题;并根据该问题的特点,对IMM算法进行了简化.仿真结果表明,用交互多模型方法抑制角闪烁噪声是非常有效的,基于转换卡尔曼滤波的IMM算法比基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的IMM算法具有更高的跟踪精度;简化的IMM算法虽然在跟踪精度上不如基本的IMM.但仍然达到了很好的滤波效果,而且大大降低了计算的复杂程度,是一种更符合工程实际的抑制角闪烁噪声的方法.     

Photolysis of NO2 at multiple wavelengths in the spectral region 200–205 nm

A study of the photodissociation dynamics of NO₂ in the 200–205 nm region using resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) in conjunction with the velocity map imaging technique is presented. We chose this region because it allowed the use of a single laser to photodissociate the NO₂ molecule and probe both the O(¹D₂) fragment using (2+1) REMPI via the 3p'¹P₁ state at 2 ×205.47 nm and the 3p'¹F₃ state at 2 ×203.5 nm, and the O(³P_J) fragments using (2+1) REMPI via the P_J states around 2 ×∼200 nm. Translational energy and angular distributions are extracted from the O(¹D) and O(³P) product images. A growth in the population of highly excited vibrational levels of the NO X(²Π) co-fragment is found as the dissociation wavelength decreases. These are compared with similar trends observed previously for other triatomic O-atom containing molecules. Detailed information on the electronic angular momentum alignment of the ¹D₂ state is obtained from analysis of the polarization sensitivity of the O(¹D) images using the two resonant intermediate states. The angular dependence of the potential energy in the exit channels is examined using long-range quadrupole-dipole and quadrupole-quadrupole interaction terms, from which molecular-frame multipole moments of the total angular momentum of the recoiling O atoms have been calculated. Comparison with the experimentally derived multipole moments is used to help provide insight into the dissociation mechanism.     

自制角动量守恒演示仪

利用微型平面推力球轴承和简易的旋转装置,代替茹科夫斯基转椅,能方便地定性演示角动量守恒规律.     

带电粒子在二维中心势和磁通规范场中的运动和分数角动量

以二维中心势和磁通规范势场形成的多连通空间为例，从经典和量子两方面研究了带电粒子的运动轨道和波函数，结果表明：波函数几率云的空间分布与经典轨道完全相同；此外，角动量的分数量子化可以通过量子-经典对应条件唯一确定，而磁通规范势仅使所有波函数产生一共同的拓扑相位，并不改变量子化条件。     

A systematic approach to reducing angular color shift in cavity-based organic light-emitting diodes

The white angular dependence (WAD) is considered a serious problem in top emitting OLEDs (TOLEDs), both in monochrome and multi-color subpixel configurations. This work aims at providing a systematic strategy for obtaining WAD-free performance with little compromise in efficiency in TOLED-based multi-color displays. Starting with a slightly blue-detuned microcavity structure leading to low WAD per individual primary colors, we try to look for a condition where angular intensity drop rates are well balanced among the subpixels involved and yet the efficiency can be maintained within a certain threshold value. With the proposed protocol, red, green and blue TOLEDs are demonstrated that show a very low angular color shift of 2.4 “just noticeable color difference” (JNCD), 1.7 JNCD, and 1.4 JNCD for red, green, and blue devices themselves and 1.4 JNCD for a 1:1:1 mixture of red, green and blue. These devices are shown to exhibit not only low WAD but also high efficiency that is still within 70% of the maximum achievable values.