机载火控雷达速度搜索目标的距离估计方法

本文给出了机载火控雷达工作在速度搜索模式下目标跟踪,并实现目标距离估计的新方法。该方法通过多假设目标跟踪的思想把高重复频率有限的解距离模糊的能力和由角度、多普勒速度测量估计目标位置的能力结合起来,实现目标空间位置的定位。分析了利用角度和多普勒速度测量估计目标距离的可观测性和估计性能。仿真结果表明本文方法是可行的。最后给出工程中有效应用本文方法的建议。     

大气消光特性与机载激光雷达眼睛安全关系的研究

依据美国ANSI标准，定量分析了气溶胶、卷云和沙尘的垂直消光特性对机载激光雷达激光脉冲眼睛安全最大阈值能量的影响；以地基激光雷达探测得到的合肥上空沙尘暴为例，定量给出了大气中各成分消光特性对飞机眼睛安全最低高度的影响；模拟计算了各种大气成分的消光特性对激光脉冲眼睛安全系数的影响随高度的变化规律。计算结果表明：沙尘层对激光脉冲眼睛安全最大阈值能量的影响幅度可达几十毫焦。该结果为我国第一台机载大气探测激光雷达激光脉冲能量设置提供了基本依据。     

机载单站无源定位技术研究

在分析机载单站无源定位原理的基础上,研究了非线性最小二乘高斯-牛顿定位算法和递推最小二乘定位算法。给出了算法实现的流程图,并根据关注区域的不同提出了对测向定位较为理想的航迹,从而能够充分发挥设备的定位性能,提高了定位精度。所述机载单站无源定位技术,具有算法实现简单、定位精度高等优点,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

机载雷达生产调试／维护保障集成测试系统

生产调试和装备维护保障一体化是目前国内外军用装备全寿命周期保障技术发展的趋势。文中介绍了机载雷达生产调试/维护保障一体化测试系统的的设计方法及组成,该系统具有通用性好、可靠性高、自动化程度高的特点,能够满足生产和维护的需求。     

机载相控阵雷达降维STAP信号处理机的设计

由于巨大的运算量和其他技术问题的存在，空时二维联合处理（STAP）技术的实现必须进行降维处理。文中设计了一种先时后空白适应级联降维处理信号处理机。该信号处理机主要由预处理、通道处理、STAP波束形成和多CPU等模块组成，主要完成通道校正与均衡、动目标显示、数字脉冲压缩和多普勒滤波、STAP波束形成和恒虚警率检测，以及解模糊的功能。     

模糊层次法评估机载雷达抗干扰效能

为了评估机载雷达抗干扰效能,介绍了抗干扰性能特点,建立了抗干扰性能评估指标体系,利用层次分析法(AHP)计算了各品质因素的权重,用模糊数学理论建立了各指标因素的模糊隶属度函数,对机载雷达抗干扰效能进行了综合评估.该方法用精确的数学描述机载雷达系统抗干扰性能指标中的模糊性,为评判机载雷达抗干扰性能提供了一种新的方法.并对美军AN-APQ153和AN-APG69两种机载雷达抗干扰效能进行了模糊综合评估,实例分析结果表明该评估方法具有实用性,其评估方法可为机载雷达效能评估提供参考.     

机载SAR稳定平台坐标变换及其软件实现

介绍了机载SAR雷达成像对天线指向的要求和稳定平台的系统组成，详细推导了坐标正变换和坐标反变换算法，给出了单片机汇编语言软件框图，经过仿真计算证明其精度可以达到成像要求。     

Portable,Ambient PM2.5 Sensor for Human and/or Animal Exposure Studies

A field-portable device for logging PM_2.5 mass concentration data has been developed. The device combines the Arduino microprocessor with an SD card, a Sharp DN7C3CA006 optical dust monitor, and 10,000-mAh battery. The dust sensor uses a virtual impactor to size select particles <2.5 microns prior to illuminating the selected fraction with an LED. The LED is triggered by a circuit controlled with the Arduino. Nephelometric detection at 120° referenced to incidence is used. The voltage signal reported by the dust sensor is converted to PM_2.5 mass through calibration onboard the Arduino. Data points can be saved to the SD card as rapidly as 0.3?s, although averaging signals over 60?s produced more optimal detection limits. For a 60?s average, the PM_2.5 mass limit of detection was 9?µg?m^?3, indicating that the sensor will be useful for monitoring human exposure to fine particles. Portable exposure monitoring has been demonstrated with the sensing platform as several individuals carried the device with them during daily activities in Lubbock, TX and Atlanta, GA. For this group of test subjects, values of PM_2.5 exposure varied from 0 to 1000?µg?m^?3 during the sampling periods. It was observed that, by far, the highest levels of PM_2.5 occur during periods of cooking, or being near cooking operations. Other periods of high PM_2.5 occurred during ground transportation, use of personal care products, vacuuming, and visiting restrooms. When hourly personal exposure data were correlated with hourly average PM_2.5 for outdoor air for the Atlanta data set, a very weak correlation was found (R²?=?0.026). Only two out of eight sampling periods did the personal monitoring estimate of exposure agree with that predicted by outdoor monitoring to within 15%. Personal exposure was often affected by circumstantial, short-term, high exposure events that are difficult to model or predict effectively. The short-term exposure events generally cause true exposure to be higher than that predicted by using outdoor ambient PM_2.5 to generate estimates. This finding complicates interpretation of epidemiological studies that find links between ambient outdoor PM_2.5 levels and human health, while it buttresses the case for using personal ambient monitors.     

基于DSP与FPGA的全姿态指引仪图形显示系统设计

针对机载电子全姿态指引仪显示图形信息的特征及其变化特点,在系统初始化时将图形内容分为背景层、填充层和动态字符层三层,运算过程中只改变根据参数变化的填充层和字符层;将图形运算过程分为图形轮廓生成和硬件区域填充,分别由DSP软件标记区域边界,FPGA根据标记硬件完成区域填充;同时图形运算处理算法在所设计的DSP＋FPGA的硬件平台上进行了实现与验证,结果表明,这种图形处理方法减轻了传统处理方法中主处理器的运算负担,很大程度上提高了系统的实时性。     

机载激光武器技术发展探讨

美国的ABL系统是一个集成了大气补偿技术的兆瓦级机载激光武器系统,ABL的设计目标是击毁敌方的弹道导弹。本文对ABL的作战使用方法、系统组成以及主要关键技术进行了介绍,分析了其发展过程中遇到的技术困难,探讨了我国机载激光武器的发展思路。