基于决策树的僵尸流量检测方法研究

僵尸网络目前是互联网面临的安全威胁之一,检测网络中潜在的僵尸网络流量对提高互联网安全性具有重要意义。论文重点研究了基于IRC协议的僵尸网络,以僵尸主机与聊天服务器之间的会话特征为基础,提出了一种基于决策树的僵尸网络流量检测方法。实验证明该方法是可行的。     

多噪声背景下光码分多址多用户干扰的抑制

针对光码分多址(OCDMA)的多用户干扰问题, 研究采用APD光电检测器的系统中存在多种噪声情况下, 基于最大值判决的光码分多址并行干扰抑制方法的多用户干扰抑制效果。阐述了其工作原理, 即在发送端对比特“0”和比特“1”分别使用一个地址码和它的移位变形进行映射, 以避免发送比特“0”时无光脉冲通过, 实现并行干扰抑制; 接收端判决电路采用最大值判决, 以避免门限判决所引起的误判, 进一步减小多用户干扰。系统采用光正交码作为地址码, 分析推导了系统的误码率表达式。根据所得的误码率表达式, 进行了数值仿真并与其他多用户干扰抑制方法进行比较。仿真结果表明, 本方法对多用户干扰的抑制作用与系统用户数和码重有关; 与引入双硬限幅器方法、多比特传输方法的多用户干扰抑制作用相比, 抑制效果要优于多比特传输的方法; 当接收功率较低时, 该方法优于引入双硬限幅器的方法, 因此可以有效的抑制多用户干扰。     

Wald意义下的局部π-Bayes最优决策

本文在某些必要的适当条件下,采用一种独特的方式证明Wald意义下的最优决策的存在性.并表明:Wald意义下的最优决策作为一种π-Bayes最优决策实际上是局部的.     

The extended linear assignment method for multiple criteria decision analysis based on interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets

The theory of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets is useful and beneficial for handling uncertainty and imprecision in multiple criteria decision analysis. In addition, the theory allows for convenient quantification of the equivocal nature of human subjective assessments. In this paper, by extending the traditional linear assignment method, we propose a useful method for solving multiple criteria evaluation problems in the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy context. A ranking procedure consisting of score functions, accuracy functions, membership uncertainty indices, and hesitation uncertainty indices is presented to determine a criterion-wise preference of the alternatives. An extended linear assignment model is then constructed using a modified weighted-rank frequency matrix to determine the priority order of various alternatives. The feasibility and applicability of the proposed method are illustrated with a multiple criteria decision-making problem involving the selection of a bridge construction method. Additionally, a comparative analysis with other methods, including the approach with weighted aggregation operators, the closeness coefficient-based method, and the auxiliary nonlinear programming models, has been conducted for solving the investment company selection problem to validate the effectiveness of the extended linear assignment method.     

基于联系数的属性权重未知的区间数多属性决策研究

针对一类属性权重未知且属性值用区间数表示的不确定多属性决策问题,把区间数表示的属性值转换为二元联系数,并改写成三角函数,按决策方案属性值方差确定属性权重,根据各方案属性加权综合值确定方案初排序,再通过不确定性分析方法做出最终排序.实例应用表明上述方法简明实用有效,而且能方便地开展方案排序的不确定分析.     

Power average operators of trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers and application to multi-attribute group decision making

Trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (TrIFNs) is a special intuitionistic fuzzy set on a real number set. TrIFNs are useful to deal with ill-known quantities in decision data and decision making problems themselves. The focus of this paper is on multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problems in which the attribute values are expressed with TrIFNs, which are solved by developing a new decision method based on power average operators of TrIFNs. The new operation laws for TrIFNs are given. From a viewpoint of Hausdorff metric, the Hamming and Euclidean distances between TrIFNs are defined. Hereby the power average operator of real numbers is extended to four kinds of power average operators of TrIFNs, involving the power average operator of TrIFNs, the weighted power average operator of TrIFNs, the power ordered weighted average operator of TrIFNs, and the power hybrid average operator of TrIFNs. In the proposed group decision method, the individual overall evaluation values of alternatives are generated by using the power average operator of TrIFNs. Applying the hybrid average operator of TrIFNs, the individual overall evaluation values of alternatives are then integrated into the collective ones, which are used to rank the alternatives. The example analysis shows the practicality and effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Generalized hesitant fuzzy synergetic weighted distance measures and their application to multiple criteria decision-making

The purpose of this paper is to present a generalized hesitant fuzzy synergetic weighted distance (GHFSWD) measure, which is based on the generalized hesitant fuzzy weighted distance (GHFWD) measure and the generalized hesitant fuzzy ordered weighted distance (GHFOWD) measure proposed by Xu and Xia [Z. Xu, M. Xia, Distance and similarity measures for hesitant fuzzy sets, Inf. Sci. 181 (2011) 2128–2138.], and investigate its some desirable properties and special cases. The GHFSWD measure not only generalizes both the GHFWD and GHFOWD measures as well as the common hesitant fuzzy distance measures, but also reflects the importance degrees of both the given individual distances and their ordered positions. Then, based on the defined notions of positive ideal hesitant fuzzy set and negative ideal hesitant fuzzy set, we utilize the proposed GHFSWD measure to develop a method for multiple criteria decision making with hesitant fuzzy information. The method is flexible because it allows decision makers to provide preference with hesitancy and determine different decision results by choosing different decision strategies. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the feasibility and practicality of the proposed method.     

Non-Stationary Semi-Markov Decision Processes on a Finite Horizon

We introduce and study a class of non-stationary semi-Markov decision processes on a finite horizon. By constructing an equivalent Markov decision process, we establish the existence of a piecewise open loop relaxed control which is optimal for the finite horizon problem.     

一类新型绝对接近关联度分析模型及应用

定义了一种新的灰色接近关联度模型—绝对接近关联度。研究了现有接近关联度的性质及问题,进而提出了新型绝对接近关联度的定义;研究了绝对接近关联度的计算方法;探讨了绝对接近关联度所具有的若干性质;将绝对接近关联度模型用于基于三角模糊数的多属性决策中,算例说明了方法的应用步骤和可行性。     

基于网络流理论的非线性规划评价模型

针对既有的评价模型缺乏对评价结果保序性的讨论,以及难以有效处理缺失数据的问题,本文建立了一个新的评价模型用以解决以上问题。该模型建立在三个标准的基础上,这三个标准分别为“结果一致性”、“最小偏离性”和“最小差异性”,其为模型的建立提供了依据和理论基础;在已建立的非线性规划模型基础上,进行了模型的性质讨论,并将其归结为一类最小凸费用循环流的统一表述,这是解决模型的算法问题和揭示其蕴含的更为深刻的管理学意义的核心;最后,模型被用于一个示例分析和含有缺失数据的大规模数据集的实证分析,这些分析论证了该新模型的有效性。本文的模型提供了新的评价工具,扩展了运筹学和决策科学之间相互运用的案例,具有较好的保序性和处理缺失数据的能力,含有理论和实践的双重意义。