具有数字图像处理功能的运动分析系统

本文描述了一种基于高速摄影的运动分析系统，它是由光学投影系统、ＣＣＤ摄像头、图像卡和微机构成的新型摄影图像分析系统，利用微机终端显示器作为坐标测量器，对胶片的测量分辨率达０．０１ｍｍ。系统能对图像进行坐标采集和运动分析外，还具有丰富的数字图像处理功能，可对原输入图像实行反转、对比增强、平滑滤波、边缘检测等处理。系统软件还对输片机构实行计算机控制。文中给出了数字图像处理结果实例。     

A survey on UAV placement optimization for UAV-assisted communication in 5G and beyond networks

With the increase in capacity demands and the requirement of ubiquitous coverage in the fifth generation and beyond wireless communications networks, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have acquired a great attention owing to their outstanding characteristics over traditional base stations and relays. UAVs can be deployed faster and with much lower expenditure than ground base stations. In addition, UAVs can enhance the network performance thanks to their strong line-of-sight link conditions with their associated users and their dynamic nature that adapts to varying network conditions. Optimization of the UAV 3D locations in a UAV-assisted wireless communication network was considered in a large body of research as it is a critical design issue that greatly affects communication performance. Although the topic of UAV placement optimization was considered in few surveys, these surveys reviewed only a small part of the growing literature. In addition, the surveys were brief and did not discuss many important design issues such as the objectives of the optimization problem, the adopted solution techniques, the air-to-ground channel models, the transmission media for access and backhaul links, the limited energy nature of the UAV on-board batteries, co-channel interference and spectrum sharing, the interference management, etc. Motivated by the importance of the topic of UAV placement optimization as well as the need for a detailed review of its recent literature, we survey 100 of the recent research papers and provide in-depth discussion to fill the gaps found in the previous survey papers. The considered research papers are summarized and categorized to highlight the differences in the deployment scenario and system model, the optimization objectives and parameters, the proposed solution techniques, and the decision-making strategies and many other points. We also point to some of the existing challenges and potential research directions that have been considered in the surveyed literature and that requires to be considered     

Physical layer secrecy analysis of HS-UAV NOMA network with spatially random eavesdroppers

This work investigates the physical layer secrecy performance of a hybrid satellite/unmanned aerial vehicle (HS-UAV) terrestrial non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) network, where one satellite source intends to make communication with destination users via a UAV relay using NOMA protocol in the existence of spatially random eavesdroppers. All the destination users randomly distributed on the ground comply with a homogeneous Poisson point process in the basis of stochastic geometry. Adopting Shadowed-Rician fading in satellite-to-UAV and satellite-to-eavesdroppers links while Rayleigh fading in both UAV-to-users and UAV-to-eavesdroppers links, the theoretical expressions for the secrecy outage probability (SOP) of the paired NOMA users are obtained based on the distance-determined path-loss. Also, the asymptotic behaviors of SOP expressions at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime are analyzed and the system throughputs of the paired NOMA users are examined for gaining further realization of the network. Moreover, numerical results are contrasted with simulation to validate the theoretical analysis. Investigation of this work shows the comparison of SOP performance for the far and near user, pointing out the SOP performance of the network depends on the channel fading, UAV coverage airspace, distribution of eavesdroppers and some other key parameters.     

无人机在复杂电磁环境下的效能评估

通过分析无人机的结构层次和研究复杂电磁环境对无人机的影响,建立了复杂电磁环境下无人机的效能评估指标体系,通过主观赋权法和客观赋权法得到各项指标的权重,针对评估指标的模糊性和不确定性,基于云理论的原理,实现一定条件下评估指标的定性与定量的描述,综合考虑了评估过程中的模糊性和不确定性因素,并利用评价云模型拟合出无人机在复杂电磁环境下的综合效能。结合实例模拟分析表明,复杂电磁环境下的无人机云效能评估模型,为复杂电磁环境下无人机的定量化效能评估提供参考。     

便携式150kV闪光X光源研制及应用

基于快前沿Mini-Marx发生器拓扑结构和冷阴极反射靶真空X射线二极管一体化设计研发出了紧凑型便携式150kV闪光X光源系统。介绍了设计的Mini-Marx发生器和闪光X光二极管,给出了相应的实验结果。该闪光X光源系统获得了距光源25cm处剂量大于7.7×10-6 C/kg、1m处穿透铝大于60mm、焦斑1~3mm可调的闪光X射线。该闪光X光源和成像单元组成的闪光照相具有系统体积小、运行可靠的特点。     

快速象旋转器

在对象旋转器的象旋转特性进行了分析和论证的基础上,提出了快速象旋转器,并进行了数学上的论证,说明此种快速象旋转器在不提高现有象旋转器的转速的情况下,提高了旋转体与本文所提出的快速象旋转器的转速比。为观察到更高速旋转的物体,提供了一个新的途径。     

爆轰加载下金属柱壳膨胀破裂过程研究

采用前照明的高速分幅照相对不同壁厚的45钢柱壳在爆轰加载下的膨胀破裂过程进行了研究,实验成功拍摄到45钢柱壳前表面裂纹生成、扩展及产物泄漏的过程图像。研究表明:膨胀应变率在104s-1附近时,随着应变率的增加,45钢柱壳的各特征应变均有所增加,断裂模式由拉剪混合向单一剪切转变;45钢柱壳的膨胀破裂有一个过程,从柱壳的外壁面可以观察到裂纹生成至产物开始泄漏经历时间历程的长短与柱壳壁厚相关,柱壳壁越厚,从外壁出现裂纹到产物开始泄漏的时间间隔越长;由回收破片厚度测量推算出的膨胀断裂应变与动态实验过程中产物开始泄漏时的断裂应变基本一致。     

多无人机协同任务策略优化

从研究多无人机协同任务的系统资源分配、任务分配、航线规划、轨迹优化等问题入手,建立了多基地多无人机协同侦察模型.针对问题,首先利用"栅格化聚拢"的思想对目标点进行过滤优化,进而对目标群和无人机基地进行了任务分配,而后结合蚁群算法、贪心算法、最短路径算法等思想,通过Matlab平台,计算出能够让无人机停留在雷达探测区域总时间最少的最优策略.     

基于电磁环境效应的无人机系统级电磁辐射指标制定

分析了实际电磁环境对无人机的影响,通过在实际飞行环境中对各地面发射机的辐射和场地电磁环境的测试,得到对无人机造成伤害的电磁环境场强极限值在0.1~8×103MHz频段中为60~200 V/m.将不同频段下传导干扰与辐射干扰进行结合分析,并根据无人机中存在的辐射干扰和传导干扰的共性特征,得到无人机系统级电磁辐射极限场强在0.1~2×103MHz频段中为10~60 V/m.依照国军标GJB3567-99《军用飞机雷电防护鉴定试验方法》,以及在实际飞行场地中采用410 A敏感度测试系统进行测试,结果显示:采用该指标的无人机各机载设备工作正常,未出现设备失灵或降级情况,说明该指标的制定为无人机系统的电磁兼容设计提供了一个有效的评估准则.     

爆轰加载下柱壳断裂时刻微小差异测量方法

对于断裂时刻差异较小的对比实验,提出一种判读方法:同时采用高速摄影和干涉测速,利用高速摄影判读壳体断裂时刻应变,利用干涉测速获取壳体位移及应变曲线,两者结合得出较为精确的壳体断裂时刻差异。利用该方法得出45钢柱壳在JO-9159和JOB-9003两种炸药加载下断裂时间相差0.45 μs,钨合金柱壳在两种炸药加载下的断裂时间相差0.39 μs。同时该方法可以推广应用于单发壳体膨胀断裂实验中,更精确测定壳体的断裂时刻。