基于极限学习机的目标智能威胁感知技术

空中目标威胁感知是智能空战的关键技术之一。针对空中目标威胁评估问题,提出一种基于极限学习机的目标威胁智能感知策略。该方法首先提取目标威胁评估的高权重态势因子,并采用隶属度函数进行归一化数值解译;然后,借助专家知识采用极限学习机理论对威胁感知的输入输出数据进行建模,构建智能感知推理模型;最后,建立基于极限学习机的目标威胁智能感知流程。仿真结果表明,该算法具有较高的威胁感知精度以及较好的算法实时性。     

航空摄影测量技术在土地规划中的应用

随着社会经济的高速发展和航空摄影技术的不断开发,相应的测量技术在各个领域得到了广泛的应用。尤其是在土地规划工作中,航空摄影测量技术的应用不仅有助于提升土地观测和分析能力,也间接地促进了土地资源利用率的提升。文章基于航空摄影测量技术,从土地规划工作角度出发,简要地分析测量技术的特点以及应用方法,希望能对相关工作人员的工作提出有价值的建议。     

Passive Localization of Signal Source Based on UAVs in Complex Environment

For the influence caused by multipath fading and non-line-of-sight(NLOS)transmission,it is challenging to accurately localize a moving signal source in complex environment by using the wireless sensor network(WSN)on the ground.In this paper,we establish a special WSN in the sky to address this challenge,where each sensor is loaded on an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)and the operation center of all the UAVs is fixed on the ground.Based on the analyzing of the optimal distribution and the position error calibration of all the sensors,we formulate the localization scheme to estimate the position of the target source,which combines the time difference of arrival(TDOA)method and the frequency difference of arrival(FDOA)method.Then by employing the semidefinite programming approach,we accurately obtain the position and velocity of the signal source.In the simulation,the validity of the proposed method is verified through the performance comparison.     

Multiple Emitters Localization by UAV with Nested Linear Array: System Scheme and 2D-DOA Estimation Algorithm

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)equipped with uniform linear array has been applied to multiple emitters localization.Meanwhile,nested linear array enables to enhance localization resolution and achieve under-determined Direction of Arrival(DOA)estimation.In this paper,we propose a new system structure for emitters localization that combines the UAV with nested linear array,which is capable of significantly increasing the positioning accuracy of interested targets.Specifically,a localization scheme is designed to obtain the paired two-dimensional DOA(2D-DOA,i.e.azimuth and elevation angles)estimates of emitters by nested linear array with UAV.Furthermore,we propose an improved DOA estimation algorithm for emitters localization that utilizes Discrete Fourier Transform(DFT)method to obtain coarse DOA estimates,subsequently,achieve the fine DOA estimates by sparse representation.The proposed algorithm has lower computational complexity because the coarse DOA estimates enable to shrink the range of over-complete dictionary of sparse representation.In addition,compared to traditional uniform linear array,improved 2D-DOA estimation performance of emitters can be obtained with a nested linear array.Extensive simulation results testify the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

卫星上行干扰空中监测方法研究

分析了空中无线电监测平台的系统构成,并对当前市场上几类主要的空中监测实例应用进行对比,阐述了各种空中监测平台的特点及适用场景,分析了空中监测平台在卫星上行信号干扰监测定位工作中的应用和意义。     

无人机光电探测距离分析

针对低空消费级无人机这种低慢小目标,采用理论建模和对实验中飞行温度参数实测的方法,建立了目标红外辐射模型以及背景辐射参数模型,得到了与实测结果比较相符的红外探测距离。指出了对这类低红外辐射目标,对阳光反射和背景噪声必须精细估算才能得到比较准确的红外作用距离。另外,通过对分析结果的讨论,对未来无人机红外探测系统的设计提出了一些建议。     

Burning velocity measurements of fluoropropanes by the spherical-vessel method

Burning velocity measurements of six types of fluoropropanes including structural isomers were carried out in order to understand the flammability of hydrofluorocarbons (HFC). The burning velocity (S_u) was determined by applying a spherical flame model to the pressure rise during combustion, which was measured at room temperature and at initial pressures of 80-107 kPa over a wide range of HFC/air concentrations. The maximum S_u of 1-fluoropropane (HFC-281fa), 2-fluoropropane (HFC-281ea), 1,3-difluoropropane (HFC-272fa), 2,2-difluoropropane (HFC-272ca), 1,2,3-trifluoropropane (HFC-263ea), and 1,1,1-trifluoropropane (HFC-263fb) was 35.0, 31.8, 31.9, 21.2, 25.7, and 14.5 cm s⁻¹, respectively. Note that the maximum S_u of HFC-263ea was appreciably higher than that of HFC-272ca, which shows the importance of the F-atom distribution, as well as of the F/H ratio in the HFC molecule. The results of equilibrium calculation for these HFCs showed that S_u is positively correlated with the flame temperature and the concentrations of the active chain carriers H and OH in the flame. We conducted a trial to interpret the magnitude of S_u by means of the effects of substituents for C₁-C₃ HFCs. As a result, it has been found that the order of inhibition efficiency for S_u decreases in the order of CF₃ > CF₂ > CF.     

高速摄影同步触发光源系统设计及应用

为了解决高速摄影中由于时间短、同步难和照度低导致拍摄不到弹丸的问题,设计了一种同步触发光源系统。该系统以高亮度发光二极管(LED)阵列为光源,采用现场可编程门阵列进行控制。使用MATLAB软件对LED阵列进行仿真后可知,在距光源1m的中心位置上,该阵列光源的最大光照度可以达到9104Lux。实验中,实验弹出膛时启动相机拍摄,同时输出触发电平同步触发光源系统。结果表明,当实验弹的装药量为0.15g、相机帧频为5000frame/s时,经估算出膛速率大约为100m/s,并且同步触发光源有效地提高了照度和补充光照的同步程度。此研究对提高弹丸测试技术是有帮助的。     

无人机多阶段航迹预测协同任务规划

针对多无人机(Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, UAVs)协同控制问题,提出了一种UAVs多阶段航迹预测分布式任务规划方法。定义从一次任务分配开始到其中一项任务完成为一个任务周期。在每个规划周期,首先,各UAV使用A*算法快速预测到所有任务目标的路径,提供至任务分配;然后,采用聚类算法修改目标价值向量,协商分配结果,并实时计算探测范围内的最短路径;最后,采用三次B样条曲线平滑所分配的最短路径,在线规划出满足飞行约束的飞行航迹。通过仿真实验对算法的有效性进行了验证,结果表明,提出的算法能够实时获得近似最优的任务分配结果并规划出可飞行航迹,并有效处理突发任务。     

A stereoscopic digital speckle photography system for 3-D displacement field measurements

Stereoscopic digital speckle photography offers a technique to measure object shapes and 3-D displacement fields in experimental mechanics. The system measures the displacement of a random white light speckle pattern, which somehow is present on the object surface, using digital correlation. This paper describes a general physical model for stereo imaging systems. A camera calibration algorithm, which takes the distortion in the lenses into account, is also presented and evaluated by real experiments. Standard deviations of small deformations as low as 1% of the pixel size for in-plane deformations and 6% of the pixel size for the out-of-plane component are reported. Using the calibration algorithm described, the main source of errors is random errors originating from the correlation algorithm.