Complete rank theorem of advanced calculus and singularities of bounded linear operators

Let E and F be Banach spaces, f: U ⊂ E → F be a map of C ^r (r ⩾ 1), x ₀ ∈ U, and ft (x ₀) denote the FréLechet differential of f at x ₀. Suppose that f′(x ₀) is double split, Rank(f′(x ₀)) = ∞, dimN(f′(_{x 0})) > 0 and codimR(f′(x ₀)) s> 0. The rank theorem in advanced calculus asks to answer what properties of f ensure that f(x) is conjugate to f′(x ₀) near x ₀. We have proved that the conclusion of the theorem is equivalent to one kind of singularities for bounded linear operators, i.e., x ₀ is a locally fine point for f′(x) or generalized regular point of f(x); so, a complete rank theorem in advanced calculus is established, i.e., a sufficient and necessary condition such that the conclusion of the theorem to be held is given.      

A handy proof of Gay's theorem

In 1979, Gay proved that Broyden's methods, when used for n‐square linear systems, terminate in at most 2n iterations (SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 1979; 16 :623–630). Also, the ABS methods were introduced in 1984 (Numer. Math. 1984; 45 :1361–1376). In this paper we show another (handy) proof of Gay's theorem by these algorithms. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

ABS灵动商务系统在广电网络中的应用

介绍了ABS灵动商务系统的独有特点,并阐述其在广电网络中针对客户、业务、网络资源、工程、企业信息、外部接口等的管理.     

大剂量补充微量元素治疗“胃溃疡型腺癌伴广泛转移”一例

阐述了一例胃底溃疡型腺癌伴周边器官淋巴组织广泛转移患者，行“贲门MT术”姑息治疗后，经九个月大剂量多种微量元素制剂补充达到很好的临床效果。     

Research on a Rice Counting Algorithm Based on an Improved MCNN and a Density Map

The thousand grain weight is an index of size, fullness and quality in crop seed detection and is an important basis for field yield prediction. To detect the thousand grain weight of rice requires the accurate counting of rice. We collected a total of 5670 images of three different types of rice seeds with different qualities to construct a model. Considering the different shapes of different types of rice, this study used an adaptive Gaussian kernel to convolve with the rice coordinate function to obtain a more accurate density map, which was used as an important basis for determining the results of subsequent experiments. A Multi-Column Convolutional Neural Network was used to extract the features of different sizes of rice, and the features were fused by the fusion network to learn the mapping relationship from the original map features to the density map features. An advanced prior step was added to the original algorithm to estimate the density level of the image, which weakened the effect of the rice adhesion condition on the counting results. Extensive comparison experiments show that the proposed method is more accurate than the original MCNN algorithm.     

Causal Intuition and Delayed-Choice Experiments

The conventional explanation of delayed-choice experiments appears to violate our causal intuition at the quantum level. I reanalyze these experiments using time-reversed and time-symmetric formulations of quantum mechanics. The time-reversed formulation does not give the same experimental predictions. The time-symmetric formulation gives the same experimental predictions but actually violates our causal intuition at the quantum level. I explore the reasons why our causal intuition may be wrong at the quantum level, suggest how conventional causation might be recovered in the classical limit, propose a quantum analog to the classical block universe viewpoint, and speculate on implications of the time-symmetric formulation for cosmological boundary conditions.     

Dual-high-frequency from single-piezoelectric crystal for ACE degradation by hybrid advanced oxidation UV-sonochemistry process

This study investigates the combination of two waves emitted from a single-piezoelectric crystal by use of a dual-frequency generator in a sonochemical reactor. The dual-frequency configurations analyzed were the double-modulated fundamental frequency (376–376 kHz), resonant and second harmonic, termed 376D, 376R and 376H respectively. The effect of the phase shift (Φ) and the percentage of modulation between added waves were described by the total acoustic power distribution (P_t) measured inside the sonoreactor. Moreover, optimal angle alignment and modulation between dual-frequency waves for 376D, 376R and 376H cases were selected in order to evaluate the ultrasonic synergy by sonochemical reactivity in production of H₂O₂, in degradation rate of a model emerging pollutant ACE, and in the TOC and biodegradability evolution in the treated effluent. Phase shift and percentage of modulation had strong effect on the resulted waveform and on the sonochemical efficiency for all, harmonic and non-harmonic, dual-frequency combinations created. In the 376D case, the best reinforcement conditions are founded at 0° and 360°. In the 376H the maximum power distribution presents a 90° period. Shift phase does not determines any cyclic pattern in the total power distribution for the 376R case. The highest H₂O₂ production rate was observed for the 376H case followed for 376D and 376R configurations with 1.61, 1.12 and 0.58 μM/min by angle alignment in 105, 0 and 110° respectively. The highest initial degradation rate of ACE was observed for the 376D case followed for 376H and 376R with 0.56, 0.42 and 0.33 μM/min at 100% modulation. Reduced mineralization was observed in all dual-frequency configurations (8.54% for 376D and approximately 4.5% for 376R and 3756H modes). Contrasting results are observed regard to biodegradability ratio following the next sequence 376D < 376H≈376R with 0.9, 2.30 and 2.33 respectively. Relevant intensification in hydroxyl radicals production is observed by the UV-US system increasing up three folds the ACE removal and mineralization and two folds higher biodegradability of effluent in particular for 376R and 376H cases at optimal operation condition of dual-frequency signal.     

Open tubular capillary electrochromatography: A useful microreactor for collagen I glycation and interaction studies with low-density lipoprotein particles

Diabetes, a multifunctional disease and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the industrialized countries, strongly associates with the development and progression of atherosclerosis. One of the consequences of high level of glucose in the blood circulation is glycation of long-lived proteins, such as collagen I, the most abundant component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the arterial wall. Glycation is a long-lasting process that involves the reaction between a carbonyl group of the sugar and an amino group of the protein, usually a lysine residue. This reaction generates an Amadori product that may evolve in advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs, as reactive molecules, can provoke cross-linking of collagen I fibrils. Since binding of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) to the ECM of the inner layer of the arterial wall, the intima, has been implicated to be involved in the onset of the development of an atherosclerotic plaque, collagen modifications, which can affect the affinity of native and oxidized LDL for collagen I, can promote the entrapment of LDLs in the intima and accelerate the progression of atherosclerosis.In this study, open tubular capillary electrochromatography is proposed as a new microreactor to study in situ glycation of collagen I. The kinetics of glycation was first investigated in a fused silica collagen I-coated capillary. Dimethyl sulphoxide, injected as an electroosmotic flow marker, gave information about the charge of coating. Native and oxidized LDL, and selected peptide fragments from apolipoprotein B-100, the protein covering LDL particles, were injected as marker compounds to clarify the interactions between LDLs and the glycated collagen I coating. The method proposed is simple and inexpensive, since only small amounts of collagen and LDL are required. Atomic force microscopy images complemented our studies, highlighting the difference between unmodified and glycated collagen I surfaces.     

高密度PCB的制造技术

概述了高密度PCB的制造技术：抑制铜腐蚀裂纹的基板无铅化技术和PCB用无铅化学镀Ni／Pd／Au工艺等。     

Performance of joint multilevel/AES‐LDPCC‐CPFSK schemes over wireless sensor networks

In wireless sensor networks, data encryption and channel coding are considered together for ensuring secure and robust communication. In order to achieve this purpose, we introduce a new joint scheme, namely ‘Multilevel/Advanced Encryption Standard‐Low Density Parity Check Coded‐Continuous Phase Frequency Shift Keying (ML/AES‐LDPCC‐CPFSK)’. AES algorithm is the most powerful and widely used symmetric key cryptography in providing secure data transmission. LDPC codes have very large Euclidean distance and use iterative decoding algorithms. In this study, we have increased error performance employing multilevel structure to AES and LDPC. In all communications systems, phase discontinuities of modulated signals result in extra bandwidth requirements. CPFSK, which is a special type of continuous phase modulation, is a powerful solution for this problem. In this paper, we simulate error performance of ML/AES‐LDPCC‐CPFSK for regular LDPC codes. Simulation results are drawn for 4CPFSK, 8CPFSK and 16CPFSK over wireless cooperative sensor networks. Using this scheme, we are able to improve bit error performance, channel throughput, security level of communication and reduction in complexity compared with related schemes such as various turbo code structures. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.