龋病人牙釉质表面硬度及抗磨损性能测试

采用人工方法制成人牙釉质浅龋及使用抗龋措施的龋损釉质样本，分别测量各组釉质表面显微硬度，并以微动摩擦磨损试验机测试其抗磨性能，试验结果表明：各组实验组釉质较对照组表面硬度都有不同程度下降，氟化钠前处理会使釉质表达硬度显著下降，人工浅龋牙釉质的抗磨损性能不如正常釉质，使用两种抗龋措施对其抗磨性能没有明显改善。     

Dependence of Performance of Organic Light-emitting Devices on Sheet Resistance of Indium-tin-oxide Anodes

IntroductionIndium-tin-oxide(ITO) has been widely used asthe anode material in organic light-emitting devices(OLEDs) because of its high transmittance in the visi-ble region and low electrical resistivity. In the pastyears, many investigations focused on …     

Scratch and Abrasion Resistant Coatings on Plastic Lenses—State of the Art,Current Developments and Perspectives

The manufacturing of ophthalmic lenses is one of the most important markets worldwide and, therefore, strong research efforts are undertaken to continuously improve the quality of the products, either silicate glasses or organic polymer lenses. Hybrid sol-gel based materials play a major role in this highly competitive field and have contributed significantly to the commercial success of the organic base materials. Recent developments concern fast curing and patternable coatings that might soon become part of this business. The compatibility of hybrid sol-gel materials either with organic dyes or with inorganic vacuum borne coatings offers further possibilities to develop highly sophisticated lenses meeting not only customer needs like perfect corrective function, high optical quality and protection, but also high durability as well as cosmetic and decorative aspects. An overview and a few recent developments are outlined below.     

Cu-P系稀土耐候钢中最佳稀土含量的研究

利用光学显微镜、图像分析仪和电子探针对低氧低硫的10PCuRE耐候钢板坯进行了观察和检测,采用干-湿周浸室内加速试验方法测得了试验钢的腐蚀率.用电化学方法测得了带锈样的阳极极化曲线.研究得出对于S:～0.004%,O:～0.002%的10PCuRE耐候钢,最佳稀土含量为0.0065%～0.012%,此稀土含量对非金属夹杂物的变质作用和耐蚀性能的提高最为有利.     

Resistance of supersulfated cement to strong sulfate solutions

One of the principal uses of supersulfated cement has been for structures exposed to sea water and sulfate bearing ground waters. The resistance to such environments has been related to the absence of calcium hydroxide and the combination of much of the free alumina into ettringite during hydration. This paper reports the resistance of SSC to sulfate solutions in which ettringite has been decomposed. Prism samples were subjected to initial water storage at 25°C for both 28 days and 6 months. Samples were also cured for 6 months at 95°C and at both 11% and 100% R.H. The control samples of 28 days were compared with the 6 months samples of a more mature undecomposed SSC paste. After curing the prisms were measured and all the samples were immersed in three sulfate solutions (0.7M Na₂SO₄ , 0.7M MgSO₄ and saturated CaSO₄), and water at the same time. Measurements of linear expansion over 6 months were carried out. Core and surface material following immersion was examined by DTG and XRD. The study indicated that SSC is resistant to sodium and calcium sulfate solutions. Strong magnesium sulfate solutions decomposed the samples under all conditions. A possible mechanism for this attack is suggested. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Influence of Some Aggressive Media on Corrosion Resistance of Mortars With Spent Cracking Catalyst

The influence of spent catalyst from catalytic cracking in fluidized bed on the hydration process of cement and the properties of cement mortars were studied. The spent catalyst was used as an additive to cement in the mortars (10 and 20% of cement). The samples of mortars kept in water for28 days, then they were placed in sulfate and chloride media for 2 months (the control samples were kept in water for 3 months). After this time they were subjected to bending strength and compressive strength determinations. Thermogravimetric and infrared absorption studies were performed and capillary elevation, capability of binding heavy metals, and changes in mass and apparent density were determined too. The studies disclosed the pozzolana nature of spent catalyst and its influence on cement mortars being in contact with corrosive media. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

主动冷却点阵夹层防热结构温度响应计算模型北大核心CSCD

针对点阵夹层结构主动热防护问题,建立了夹层结构面板和芯体导热与冷却剂对流耦合的非稳态传热理论模型,利用有限体积法离散控制方程并在MATLAB中进行了迭代求解.模型首次考虑了面板与夹芯杆之间的收缩热阻,并利用分离变量法得到了收缩热阻的近似解析解.基于单胞模型和周期性边界条件,模拟得到了模型所需的表面对流传热系数h_(b)和h_(fin).最后,选取多单胞计算工况进行数值模拟和理论模型对比,并讨论了收缩热阻对模型预测精度的影响.结果表明:理论模型能够准确预测夹层结构及内部流体的温度变化,理论与仿真之间的最大误差不超过1%;随着外加热流密度不断增大,忽略收缩热阻使得计算结果造成的误差不断增大;与数值模拟相比,理论模型可显著地减少计算时间并节省计算资源,尤其适用于非均匀、非稳态复杂热载荷下点阵夹层结构的温度响应计算.     

Normalized Dynamic Characterization and Application of Multiple Heat Storage Materials Based on Standard Thermal Resistance北大核心CSCD

基于标准热阻和能量流法,推导出储热材料与换热流体的瞬态换热热阻,通过类比电路分析法,获得了储热-换热过程的瞬态热量流模型及动态响应时间常数。进一步引入节点温度,重新定义换热热阻,获得了储热与换热过程耦合的三阶电路瞬态热量流模型,求解得到了加热、储热和释热三类时间常数,可用于协同表征储热材料中储热与释热的快慢程度,从而实现了多类储热材料的归一化动态表征。通过数值模拟验证与应用对比分析,发现基于多时间常数的归一化动态模型用于表征储热材料的动态特性是可行的,可直接对不同换热、储热材料进行对比分析。案例分析发现与固体储热材料换热时,液态金属的动态换热能力优于熔融盐,而相比于水蒸气和CO₂,空气与陶瓷材料换热能更快达到稳态。     

纳秒脉冲激光清洗石化设备对清洗表面的影响

采用纳秒脉冲激光对石化设备普遍使用的20钢表面锈蚀层以及油污进行了激光清洗试验,通过正交实验法得到优化后的激光清洗工艺参数,在激光功率18 W,激光脉冲重复频率75kHz,扫描速度3 000mm/s的清洗工艺参数下可有效去除20钢表面的锈蚀层;在激光功率20 W,激光脉冲重复频率75 kHz,扫描速度2 250 mm/s的清洗工艺参数下可有效去除20钢表面附着的油污。分析了激光清洗前后材料表面形貌的变化,研究了激光清洗前后表面的显微硬度以及耐腐蚀性,结果表明：激光清洗可以在不改变材料的耐腐蚀性能的同时提升材料表面的显微硬度,从而达到理想的激光清洗效果。     

基于肠道菌群探讨葛根芩连汤治疗湿热型2型糖尿病研究进展*

摘 要: 近年来世界范围内2型糖尿病(Diabetes Mellitus type 2,T2DM)的发病率不断上升。微生态学研究证实,T2DM疾病的发生与肠道菌群数量及比例的失调有很大的关联性,这成为研究热点。现有实验发现:肠道菌群紊乱可通过短链脂肪酸学说、胆汁酸代谢学说、内毒素学说、支链氨基酸学说等机制来影响T2DM的发生发展。湿热证T2DM患者在临床最为常见,该类患者胰岛素抵抗最为严重,而动物实验研究发现葛根芩连汤可通过特定的分子机制及通路作用于肠道菌群,通过调节胰岛β细胞的功能、提高胰岛素敏感性、减轻氧化应激反应,从而调节血糖,减轻胰岛素抵抗,为临床治疗T2DM患者提供更科学的依据。但由于菌群数量庞杂,现有数据多偏重于动物实验,且研究菌群特异性不足,为此今后需进一步加强对T2DM特定菌群的研究,以及增加临床大样本数据统计。