Experimental and theoretical analyses on the microwave backscattering ability and differential radar reflectivity of non-spherical hydrometeors

This paper experimentally and theoretically examines the scattering properties of simulated non-spherical hydrometeors including water oblates, ice oblates and ice sphere-cone-oblates, in terms of the backscattering cross-section and the differential reflectivity. The experimental measurements of the backscattering cross-sections of non-spherical hydrometeor samples were performed in the Electromagnetic Scattering Laboratory of China National Space Industrial Corporation. Meanwhile, the backscattering cross-sections have been computed with the transition (T) matrix method. The theoretical results are compared with the experimental data, showing that the calculations are consistent with the observations in general. Experimental and theoretical analyses indicate that the backscattering cross-section of non-spherical particles increases as the particle size parameter increases, and fluctuates when the sizes are larger under the effect of resonance scattering. Differential reflectivity Z_DR of water oblates in natural rainfall is always greater than 0 dB whereas Z_DR of hailstones may be negative. There is a good linear relationship between differential reflectivity and aspect ratio of a particle. These derivations agree with the literature and can be used to identify the presence of hail particles and distinguish between plate-type and columnar-type hydrometeors. In this study, the measuring experiment and the T-matrix method calculations for the scattering of simulated raindrop and ice particles are also briefly described.     

A note on the fundamental solution for the Tricomi-type equation in the hyperbolic domain

Barros-Neto and Gelfand (Duke Math. J. 98 (3) (1999) 465; Duke Math. J. 117 (2) (2003) 561) constructed for the Tricomi operator on the plane the fundamental solutions with the supports in the regions related to the geometry of the characteristics of the Tricomi operator. We give for the Tricomi-type operator a fundamental solution relative to an arbitrary point of Rⁿ⁺¹ with the support in the region t?0, where the operator is hyperbolic. Our key observation is that the fundamental solution for the Tricomi-type operator can be written like an integral of the distributions generated by the fundamental solution of the Cauchy problem for the wave equation. The application of that fundamental solution to the L^p-L^q estimate for the forced Tricomi-type equation is given as well.     

Remarks on the formula for γ-interior

The paper presents a formula for the γ-interior of a set under special conditions for , more general than those in the previous paper [Acta Math. Hungar. 80 (1998) 89-93]. There are also some applications.     

Iterated monoidal categories

We develop a notion of an n-fold monoidal category and show that it corresponds in a precise way to the notion of an n-fold loop space. Specifically, the group completion of the nerve of such a category is an n-fold loop space, and free n-fold monoidal categories give rise to a finite simplicial operad of the same homotopy type as the classical little cubes operad used to parametrize the higher H-space structure of an n-fold loop space. We also show directly that this operad has the same homotopy type as the n-th Smith filtration of the Barratt-Eccles operad and the n-th filtration of Berger's complete graph operad. Moreover, this operad contains an equivalent preoperad which gives rise to Milgram's small model for when n=2 and is very closely related to Milgram's model of for n>2.     

On the commutator of the Marcinkiewicz integral

boundedness is considered for the commutator of higher-dimensional Marcinkiewicz integral. Some conditions implying the and the boundedness for the commutator of the Marcinkiewicz integral are obtained.     

基于USB 2.0的同步数据采集系统的设计

针对当前工程中数据采集要更快更精确的要求,提出了一种新的数据信号采集系统。他采用的方法是利用USB 2.0接口芯片CY7C68013A和AD7658来实现同步多路数据采集以及与计算机间的通信。实验结果说明,该系统数据传输效率高、工作稳定,很好地满足设计要求。这种设计方法不但切实可行,且具有同步、高速、电路简单等特点,可以满足多种工程设计的要求,是一种很值得推广的数据采集方法。     

Web 2.0的新应用——Second Life

随着互联网的进一步发展,调动互联网用户之间的互动类业务已经成为互联网业务新的发展趋势,以网民之间的协作和互动为显著特征的Web 2.0类业务正在蓬勃发展。在众多Web 2.0类业务中,Second Life所引领的虚拟世界类应用不论是其注册用户数以及商业模式创新方面都取得了巨大的成功。通过介绍Second Life的产生和发展,分析Second Life的业务特点以及商业模式,并结合国内虚拟世界的发展情况分析了虚拟世界类应用在中国的发展前景。     

Web2.0增值业务安全运营支撑系统的研究

文章参考NGOSS体系结构,针对Web2.0增值业务的特点,设计了Web2.0增值业务安全运营支撑系统的功能框架。同时,论文还提出了基于RBAC的工作流技术,来实现具体的运营过程并对用户进行权限控制以保障系统的安全。     

基于USB2.0与CPLD的光刻机底面对准系统设计

介绍了光刻机底面对准系统的基本原理,并分析了传统底面对准系统存在的缺点,给出了基于USB2.0与CPLD的光刻机底面对准新系统的设计方案。论述了系统硬件和软件的实现,并对其中的关键模块进行了深入分析。与传统底面对准系统相比,该对准系统成本降低约70%,同时,系统的可靠性大幅提高。实验表明,该系统的底面对准精度达到0.25μm,满足系统设计要求。     

IxLoad在WAP网关系统测试中的应用

介绍了IXIA公司4～7层工具IxLoad实现的WAP网关测试功能,该功能可以很好地帮助设备制造商验证设备的容量,帮助运营商模拟真实用户模型下的多业务流量,确保网络的升级和扩容能够满足业务发展的需求,这个测试功能和模型是IXIA公司长期与主流设备制造商以及运营商共同合作的结果,具有较强的参考和实用价值。