Real-time visual enhancement for infrared small dim targets in video

Visual enhancement for infrared small dim targets is a standing problem in infrared image processing. Existing approaches cannot enhance the target well and suppress the background simultaneously, especially for targets which are so faint that they are hardly visible. This paper proposes a novel real-time visual enhancement algorithm for infrared small dim targets in video by introducing temporal cues. In this work, Dynamic Programming Algorithm (DPA) is used to detect the target’s trajectory in the video and the target is enhanced through energy accumulation along the trajectory. The shape prior of the small dim target is adopted for background suppression and adaptive merging. Experimental results on real infrared small dim target videos indicate that the proposed algorithm can improve the visual quality of these types of images notably, especially for cases in which the target is hardly visible. In addition, the proposed algorithm takes on average 8.35 ms to process a 320 1 256 image, and thus meets the needs of real-time applications.     

贴片机视觉系统构成原理及其视觉定位

阐述贴片机视觉系统的基本构成及实现原理。介绍了图像处理技术在其中的应用,并讨 论了针对Chip元件的定位算法。     

人体目标光谱特性对微光像增强器视距的影响

为研究不同人体目标的反射光谱特性对微光像增强器视距的影响,以夜天空辐射光谱特性和常见衣服的光谱反射系数为基础,建立了人体目标的反射光谱分布方程,分析了人体目标穿着不同材质和颜色衣服时的反射光谱特性,并从微光像增强器视距实际探测方程出发,讨论了微光像增强器对不同人体目标的探测能力。发现不同人体目标的反射光谱特性对微光像增强器视距的影响主要体现在平均反射率和目标背景初始对比度C₀方面,棉质衣服的反射系数和光谱反射强度比涤纶衣服高,微光像增强器对穿着棉质衣服的人体目标的探测能力更强。微光像增强器对穿着同样颜色棉质衣服的人体目标的视距比穿着涤纶衣服远,对穿着浅色衣服的人体目标的视距比穿着深色衣服远,在满月情况下像增强器对衣服的材质更敏感。     

一种从粗到精的红外和可见光卫星图像配准方法

气象卫星所携带的多种传感器可以获得可见光、红外、多光谱等多模态的卫星图像,目前处理这些多模态图像的一个重要手段是数据融合分析方法,而获取不同模态图像空间对应关系的图像配准是数据融合分析的前提和基础。针对多模态气象卫星图像的配准问题,重点研究红外图像和可见光图像的配准问题,并根据红外图像和可见光图像的特点,提出了一种由粗到精的两阶段配准方法。在粗配准阶段,将Fourier-Mellin变换应用于红外和可见光图像的边缘图像上,并通过变换图像在频域的关系实现了图像配准仿射变换参数的快速计算;在精配准阶段,基于图像的Harris算子检测红外图像和可见光图像的特征点,并通过特征点局部区域的互相关函数实现特征点的匹配,最终通过匹配特征点求得精确配准的变换参数。文章提出的由粗到精的图像配准方法,有效结合了Fourier-Mellin变换对边缘图像配准的高效性和Harris算子图像配准的准确性,是红外和可见光图像配准的一种新方法。利用FY-2D气象卫星获取的红外和可见光图像进行了配准实验,实验结果表明所提出的方法具有良好的鲁棒性和较高的配准精度。     

基于视觉注意模型和进化规划的感兴趣区检测方法

根据生物注意机制,该文提出了一种基于视觉注意模型和进化规划的感兴趣区检测方法。采用进化规划方法分割图像候选区域;区域兴趣度由视觉注意模型产生的局部显著和进化规划计算的全局显著共同度量。在视觉注意模型中,图像经过小波多尺度变换和计算中央周边差得到局部显著度。注意焦点在显著度增强因子的作用下,选取候选区域得到感兴趣区。实验结果表明,所提方法检测的感兴趣区更接近人眼的视觉注意机制,并取得了较为满意的对象检测和兴趣度量结果。     

A novel area measurement scheme based on a multi-resolution dynamic contour

A novel scheme for an object's surface area measurement is proposed, which is suitable for area computation of an object with smooth and irregular edges. A multi-resolution dynamic contour is applied and this scheme consists of four steps. Firstly, a photoelectric image collimation system is applied to obtain a target image of a detected object. An image pyramid for the target image is constructed by wavelet decomposition and reconstruction. Secondly, in the image pyramid, a multi-resolution dynamic contour converges to the target's contour edge from coarse to fine scale, via feature search and an iteration algorithm. Thirdly, for the convergent dynamic contour, two formulas for the area and centroid computation of a closed B-spline curve are applied to compute the image target's area and centroid exactly. Finally, a novel centroid self-calibration technology is applied, which measures the pixel's size equivalence with the computed centroid and a dual-frequency laser to measure the true object's surface area exactly. Experiments indicate that this scheme's single-measurement error decreases to ±0.2%, when the number of control points is 20. Compared to conventional measurement approaches, this scheme is robust for a target image with noises or complicated edges.     

弹丸参数测试系统的数据处理

弹丸参数测试系统主要用于弹速度的测量,它可以测量弹丸速度的大小。弹丸速度的大小是弹道特性的重要参数之一。弹丸的速度测量是枪炮、弹药研制生产和开发验收中最基本的试验项目。天幕靶可以更快、更准确地测量弹速。基于天幕靶并利用Visual C++6.0开发了一款弹参数测试系统软件,可实现弹参数测试系统的数据处理。     

用Visual Foxpro 6.0实现文件批量重命名

目前,Visual Foxpro 6.0关系数据库系统的应用广泛。文中结合工作实际,运用Visual FoxPro 6.0的宏代换功能,解决了普通高等学校在网上招生录取工作结束之后,按照表中的相应字段,将被录取新生的电子照片文件名由其考生号批量重命名为学号的问题。     

基于相频特性的稳态视觉诱发电位深度学习分类模型

针对现有深度学习分类方法对稳态视觉诱发电位相位与频率信息利用不充分的问题,该文提出一种用于稳态视觉诱发电位(SSVEP)分类的卷积神经网络模型.该模型以经过快速傅里叶变换后的复向量作为输入,首先对各个导联的实部向量和虚部向量进行卷积,学习相位信息;随后引入空间注意力机制,对判别频率信息进行增强;然后使用2维卷积和最大池...     

Ultrastructural study of first and second order neurons in the visual system of the crab Ucides cordatus following exposure to ultraviolet radiation

The visual system as an interface between the environment and the living organism can serve as a sensitive indicator especially in studies that deal with effects of radiation. The crab retina as the seat of the photoreceptors and the lamina ganglionaris as the place of second order neurons were the targets of our study. Conventional specimen preparation techniques for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are adequate to preserve any modifications that may occur as a consequence of the experimental treatment. In this study we analyzed by TEM how retinal and lamina ganglionaris cells of the crab Ucides cordatus responded to a 30 min exposure to ultraviolet C (UV-C) and ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation with doses of 7200 and 590 J/cm², respectively. The results show that damaged cells occurred in both retina and lamina ganglionaris, but that the retinal cells were affected to a greater extent. Morphological alterations of the pigment granules and an increase in the quantity of lipid droplets of the retinal cells were also observed. Additional changes include an increase in heterochromatin, nuclear karyolyses and karyorrhexes, distention of rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial disruptions. The observed morphological changes are indicative of apoptotic processes and show that an exposure to light of wavelengths of 254 and 312 nm may be injurious to the visual system of invertebrates.