数字视频监控中的运动目标检测

本文讨论分析了光流法、相邻帧差法和不变矩特征检测法检测运动目标的特点与不足,提出了基于时域和空间的运动目标检测方法.实验表明,该方法完全满足视频监控需要,既达到了很高的灵敏度,又能有效地防止脉冲噪声的干扰.     

基于分形理论的图象编码改进算法

基于分形理论的图象编码算法可以获得比经典图象编码算法高得多的压缩比，是很有潜力的一种算法。基本的分形图象编码技术虽然有许多优点，但其细码时间长，匹配复杂，从实用考虑，还须从多方面进行改进以提高性能。本文给出一种自适应的改进算法，利用混合编码将块截短编码（BTC）与分形编码技术相结合，同时采用三级分决技术和块分类技术，使压缩比可在20～256之间随图象特点而取值，此算法在信噪比（PSNR）方面亦有所提高。     

Construction of parametric biorthogonal wavelet filter banks with two parameters for image coding

We had presented a simple technique, which is based on the theory of Diophantine equation, for parametrization of popular biorthogonal wavelet filter banks (BWFBs) having the linear phase and arbitrary multiplicity of vanishing moments (VMs), and constructed a type of parametric BWFBs with one free parameter [15]. Here we generalize this technique to the case of two parameters, and construct a type of parametric BWFBs with two free parameters. The closed-form parameter expressions of the BWFBs are derived, with which any two-parameter family of BWFBs having preassigned VMs can be constructed, and six families, i.e., 9/11, 10/10, 13/11, 10/14, 17/11, and 10/18 families, are considered here. Two parameters provide two degrees of freedom to optimize the resulting BWFBs with respect to other criteria. In particular, in each family, three specific rational-coefficient BWFBs with attractive features are obtained by adjusting the parameters: the first is not only very close to a quadrature mirror filter (QMF) bank, but has optimum coding gain; the second possesses characteristics that are close to the irrational BWFB with maximum VMs by Cohen et al.; and the last which has binary coefficients can realize a multiplication-free discrete wavelet transform. In addition, two BWFBs are systematically verified to exhibit performance competitive to several state-of-the-art BWFBs for image compression, and yet require lower computational costs. This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu province, China under Grant 07KJD520005.     

光纤综合业务局域网

本文扼要地介绍了把光通信技术和计算机技术组合应用,以光纤为传输介质,组成一个以一根光纤同时传输图象信息、话音信息、文字真迹信息和数据信息等不同业务的综合业务局域网。并叙述了网络的拓扑形式、功能、用途及光端机的构成,计算机的作用等。     

Comparison of multicomponent fuel droplet vaporization experiments in forced convection with the Sirignano model

The vaporization of multicomponent fuel droplets was studied experimentally in a heated flow and the results were compared to the model proposed by Abramzon and Sirignano. The droplet was suspended on a permanent holder which was set up in a thermal wind-tunnel. This wind-tunnel was fitted with a video recording system and an infra-red camera. The period during which the droplet was suspended on the holder before the opening of the hot air flow damper was recorded. This first sequence corresponds to the droplet vaporization in natural convection, whose initial experiment conditions, especially diameter, temperature, composition of the droplet, are well known. Then the damper was turn on, and the sequence of forced convection begun. The initial diameter of the droplet was recorded by the video system. The other initial conditions of this second sequence cannot be determined experimentally. The distribution of temperature in the droplet and the surface temperature, the mass fraction distribution in the droplet and the surface mass fraction were unknown. These unknown parameters were determined by coupling our experiment with a model using “the film concept” in natural convection. Experimental results were compared with the calculations and found satisfactory, in natural convection as well as in forced convection initiated by this method. The method was tested in the case of a fuel mixture droplets (heptane–decane) for different initial concentrations and variable durations of the sequence in natural convection.     

Compression set in gas-blown condensation-cured polysiloxane elastomers

Accelerated thermal ageing studies on foamed condensation cured polysiloxane materials have been performed in support of life assessment and material replacement programmes. Two different types of filled hydrogen-blown and condensation cured polysiloxane foams were tested; commercial (RTV S5370), and an in-house formulated polysiloxane elastomer (Silfoam). Compression set properties were investigated using Thermomechanical (TMA) studies and compared against two separate longer term ageing trials carried out in air and in dry inert gas atmospheres using compression jigs. Isotherms measured from these studies were assessed using time-temperature (T/t) superposition. Acceleration factors were determined and fitted to Arrhenius kinetics. For both materials, the thermo-mechanical results were found to closely follow the longer term accelerated ageing trials. Comparison of the accelerated ageing data in dry nitrogen atmospheres against field trial results showed the accelerated ageing trends over predict, however the comparison is difficult as the field data suffer from significant component to component variability. Of the long term ageing trials reported here, those carried out in air deviate more significantly from field trials data compared to those carried out in dry nitrogen atmospheres. For field return samples, there is evidence for residual post-curing reactions influencing mechanical performance, which would accelerate compression set. Multiple quantum-NMR studies suggest that compression set is not associated with significant changes in net crosslink density, but that some degree of network rearrangement has occurred due to viscoelastic relaxation as well as bond breaking and forming processes, with possible post-curing reactions at early times.     

A generalized model for Kalman filtering of motion information in video compression

In this paper, we tackle the problem of motion estimation in video compression. Since Full Search Algorithms (FSA) present the disadvantage of adding a high computational burden to the encoder, fast search techniques have been used in conjunction with predictive filtering, in such a way to guarantee an acceptable quality with an affordable complexity. The aim of this work is to propose a novel framework for Kalman filtering of motion information in compressed video sequences. The merits of our new framework are twofold: First, using an appropriate formulation of the system equations, several shortcomings inherent with former models in the literature are greatly counteracted. Secondly, it is constructed using a generalized structure in such a way to enclose a large variety of prediction models. Therefore, it can adapt to different types of motion activities in video sequences, without the need for a different formulation in each prediction model, as was the case in previous studies. Furthermore, we propose an adaptive motion compensation technique that permits an additional improvement to the decoded video quality. Our framework permits a considerable gain in the average performance compared to previous models and even to the FSA technique.     

基于ARM的嵌入式智能视频监控系统设计

提出了一种基于ARM系列微处理器S3C2410的智能视频监控系统。介绍了此系统的软、硬件构成、流程设计及目标检测算法。该系统能有效降低存储的视频信息的冗余性、减轻监控人员的工作负荷．监控效果良好。     

Modeling subjectively perceived annoyance of H.264/AVC video as a function of perceived artifact strength

This paper is concerned with the subjective perception of video coding artifacts in H.264/AVC encoded and decoded video. Our objective is to model the perceived annoyance of such low bit rate video sequences as a function of perceived artifact strength. We introduce a new method for determining this function and apply it to the data from two psychophysical experiments. Both experiments produced numerical judgments of the subjectively perceived annoyance of artifact combinations and the perceived strength of the respective coding artifacts. Our method produces a discrete multi-dimensional representation of the relationships in the data from which the function relating annoyance to artifact strength is derived. The method is applied to the data of the first experiment and the resulting function is shown to describe the data from the second experiment as well.     

Attention-based video streaming

This paper considers the problem of video streaming in low bandwidth networks and presents a complete framework that is inspired by the fovea–periphery distinction of biological vision systems. First, an application specific attention function that serves to find the important small regions in a given frame is constructed a priori using a back-propagation neural network that is optimized combinatorially. Given a specific application, the respective attention function partitions each frame into foveal and periphery regions and then a spatial–temporal pre-processing algorithm encodes the foveal regions with high spatial resolution while the periphery regions are encoded with lower spatial and temporal resolution. Finally, the pre-processed video sequence is streamed using a standard streaming server. As an application, we consider the transmission of human face videos. Our experimental results indicate that even with limited amount of training, the constructed attention function is able to determine the foveal regions which have improved transmission quality while the peripheral regions have an acceptable degradation.