Man-made materials—an exciting area for hyperfine-interaction investigations

Summary Man-made low-dimensional magnetic systems including surfaces, interfaces and multilayers, have attracted a great amount of attention in the past decade because, as expected, the lowered symmetry and coordination number offer a variety of opportunities for inducing new and exotic phenomena and so hold out the promise of new device applications. Local spin density functional (LSDF)ab initio electronic-structure calculations employing the full-potential-linearized augmented-plane-wave (FLAPW) method have played a key role in the development of this exciting field by not only providing a clearer understanding of the experimental observations but also predicting new systems with desired properties. One of the striking successes of theory in the last decade has been the calculation of hyperfine fields at surfaces and interfaces. Concurrently, several groups have followed the pioneering work of Korecki and Gradmann and have measured hyperfine fields at surfaces and interfaces. In this paper, we review new features of hyperfine-interaction investigations in man-made materials which emphasizes how the close interplay of theoretical determinations and experiment are essential because the hyperfine field is not proportional to the magnetization and so interpretations of experiment are totally dependent on theory. Paper presented at ICAME-95, Rimini, 10–16 September 1995.     

悬置槽线行波相位调制器的特性分析

提出一种新颖的集成光波导行波相位调制器结构，它利用悬置槽线作为调制器的外调制电路，减小了光波和调制波之间的速度失配，提高了相位调制器的调制带宽。采用谱域等效传输线法分析了悬置槽线的传播特性．     

真空传输线板-锥过渡结构的功率流分析

真空传输线板-锥转角过渡是多模块汇流的Z箍缩装置经常采用的结构,在不考虑磁绝缘失效、介质损耗的前提下,采用有限差分方法分析转角过渡对功率流传输的影响。初步的计算和分析表明:随着转角的变大,由阻抗不匹配引起的反射将使传输效率有所降低;前沿较陡的快脉冲在这种结构中发生严重畸变,而低频脉冲则几乎不受影响。在板-锥过渡设计中采用小转角结构,尽量减小脉冲传输方向的变化,对保证脉冲高效传输有利。     

基于粒子模拟的磁绝缘传输线等效电容和等效电感的计算

提出了一种基于粒子模拟的磁绝缘传输线等效电容和等效电感计算方法,在层流模型得到的同轴磁绝缘传输线等效电感和等效电容理论公式中引入修正因子,对粒子模拟所得结果进行数值拟合,获得了等效电容和等效电感修正因子依赖于电压的拟合表达式,修正后的等效电容和等效电感理论公式与粒子模拟结果符合较好,所得结果可用于磁绝缘传输线的等效电路建模。     

向内发射磁绝缘振荡器

提出了一种向内发射磁绝缘振荡器,并给出了微波轴向提取的方法。这种新型结构通过外置阴极、内置阳极,使参与束波作用的轮辐电流通过阳极回流提供了自磁绝缘的角向磁场,有提高器件效率的可能。而外置阴极使阴极的发射面积增大,发射电流密度减小,有利于延长阴极寿命。通过粒子模拟,得到了几何参数与磁绝缘线振荡器输出功率的关系。在电压890 kV,电流56.1 kA下,输出功率为3.6 GW,频率为8.2GHz。     

基于人工神经网络的高分五号高光谱影像悬浮泥沙浓度反演方法

悬浮泥沙浓度是水体监测中极为重要的指标.本论文基于神经网络具有弥补传统经验算法固有误差的潜力,设计并开发了基于人工神经网络的神经网络校正器来对经验反演结果进行二次校正.为了防止在小数据集的情况下出现过拟合问题,采用了特殊设计的正则化项.基于高分五号高光谱遥感数据以及在长江口和沿海水域同时收集的悬浮泥沙浓度实地测量结果,...     

Interplay of metamagnetic and structural transitions in Ca2-xSrxRuO4

Metamagnetism in layered ruthenates has been interpreted as a novel kind of quantum critical behavior. In an external magnetic field, Ca_2-xSr_xRuO₄ undergoes a metamagnetic transition accompanied by a pronounced magnetostriction effect. In this paper we present a mean-field study for a microscopic model that naturally reproduces the key features of this system. The phase diagram calculated is equivalent to the experimental T-x phase diagram. The presented model also gives a good basis to discuss the critical metamagnetic behavior measured in the system.     

Magnetic ordering in (110) Eu films in an applied magnetic field

Below its ordering temperature (T _N = 90 K), bulk bcc Eu has a helical magnetic state with propagation vectors along the three equivalent 〈100〉 directions. In contrast, epitaxial (110)Eu films exhibit a unique magnetic ordering: the domain with a magnetic helix propagating along the in-plane [001] direction vanishes on cooling, at the expense of other domains with helices propagating along [100] and [010]. This paper is devoted to the study of the stability of the magnetic domains in an external magnetic field using neutron scattering experiments and macroscopic magnetization measurements. The helix propagating along the [001] direction can be restored by the application of an external field along this direction. On the contrary, when a magnetic field is applied along an intermediate direction, specifically [10], the domain with a helix propagating along [001] is suppressed. Both effects depend on the film thickness. They are explained if one considers that, because of the low magnetic anisotropy of Eu, a helix with a propagation vector parallel to (or close to) the applied magnetic field is energetically more favourable than cycloidal structures with unchanged propagation vectors. Finally, the amplitudes of the propagation vectors and their directions (that are modified in films compared to bulk) do not vary under magnetic field.     

超导技术在飞轮储能系统中的应用及前景

阐述了飞轮储能装置原理和超导磁悬浮理论,并设计了超导飞轮储能系统的基本结构。采用超导磁悬浮轴承技术可以解决普通的飞轮储能系统由于有机械轴承摩擦产生的能量损耗,克服普通飞轮储能的低效、储能时间短等问题。最后简要介绍了超导飞轮储能技术的发展前景。     

基于高分一号遥感卫星的渤海湾悬浮泥沙时空分布反演

悬浮泥沙是评价II类水体水质的重要参数之一,近海岸水域悬浮泥沙对重金属、营养盐等具有一定的吸附作用,悬浮泥沙的分布特征在一定程度上反映着污染物的迁移和循环,因此研究悬浮泥沙对渤海湾建设和环境保护具有重要意义。为探究渤海湾水域悬浮泥沙浓度 和分布的变化特征,利用高分一号多光谱卫星影像,通过采用波段组合的方式对悬浮泥沙含量指数反演提取,反演得到2019年9个月的渤海湾悬浮泥沙指数,分析发现渤海湾悬浮泥沙含量在冬季受季风影响较高,春季和夏季的时候渤海湾高浓度悬浮泥沙向近岸收缩,秋季 悬浮泥沙分布格局有正在向冬季过渡的趋势,本文研究可为渤海湾的生态环境保护和工业开发提供重要的科学依据和参考价值。