Temperature-dependent specific heat of suspended platinum nanofilms at 80-380 K

Metallic nanofilms are important components of nanoscale electronic circuits and nanoscale sensors. The accurate characterization of the thermophysical properties of nanofilms is very important for nanoscience and nanotechnology. Currently, there is very little specific heat data for metallic nanofilms, and the existing measurements indicate distinct differences according to the nanofilm size. The present work reports the specific heats of 40-nm-thick suspended platinum nanofilms at 80-380 K and ~5×10^-4 Pa using the 3ω method. Over 80-380 K, the specific heats of the Pt nanofilms range from 166-304 J/(kg·K), which are 1.65-2.60 times the bulk values, indicating significant size effects. These results are useful for both scientific research in nanoscale thermophysics and evaluating the transient thermal response of nanoscale devices.     

Magnetic ordering in (110) Eu films in an applied magnetic field

Below its ordering temperature (T _N = 90 K), bulk bcc Eu has a helical magnetic state with propagation vectors along the three equivalent 〈100〉 directions. In contrast, epitaxial (110)Eu films exhibit a unique magnetic ordering: the domain with a magnetic helix propagating along the in-plane [001] direction vanishes on cooling, at the expense of other domains with helices propagating along [100] and [010]. This paper is devoted to the study of the stability of the magnetic domains in an external magnetic field using neutron scattering experiments and macroscopic magnetization measurements. The helix propagating along the [001] direction can be restored by the application of an external field along this direction. On the contrary, when a magnetic field is applied along an intermediate direction, specifically [10], the domain with a helix propagating along [001] is suppressed. Both effects depend on the film thickness. They are explained if one considers that, because of the low magnetic anisotropy of Eu, a helix with a propagation vector parallel to (or close to) the applied magnetic field is energetically more favourable than cycloidal structures with unchanged propagation vectors. Finally, the amplitudes of the propagation vectors and their directions (that are modified in films compared to bulk) do not vary under magnetic field.     

Orbital-selective Mott-insulator transition in Ca 2 - x Sr x RuO 4

The electronic structures of the metallic and insulating phases of the alloy series Ca_2-xSr_xRuO₄ ( 0 ? x ? 2) are calculated using LDA, LDA+U and Dynamical Mean-Field Approximation methods. In the end members the groundstate respectively is an orbitally non-degenerate antiferromagnetic insulator (x = 0) and a good metal (x = 2). For x > 0.5 the observed Curie-Weiss paramagnetic metallic state which possesses a local moment with the unexpected spin S = 1/2, is explained by the coexistence of localized and itinerant Ru-4d-orbitals. For 0.2 < x < 0.5 we propose a state with partial orbital and spin ordering. An effective model for the localized orbital and spin degrees of freedom is discussed. The metal-insulator transition at x = 0.2 is attributed to a switch in the orbital occupation associated with a structural change of the crystal. Received 27 July 2001     

The research on suspended ZnO nanowire field-effect transistor

This paper reports that a novel type of suspended ZnO nanowire field-effect transistors (FETs) were successfully fabricated using a photolithography process, and their electrical properties were characterized by I--V measurements. Single-crystalline ZnO nanowires were synthesized by a hydrothermal method, they were used as a suspended ZnO nanowire channel of back-gate field-effect transistors (FET). The fabricated suspended nanowire FETs showed a p-channel depletion mode, exhibited high on--off current ratio of ～10⁵. When V_DS=2.5 V, the peak transconductances of the suspended FETs were 0.396 μS, the oxide capacitance was found to be 1.547 fF, the pinch-off voltage V_TH was about 0.6 V, the electron mobility was on average 50.17 cm²/Vs. The resistivity of the ZnO nanowire channel was estimated to be 0.96× 10²Ω cm at V_GS = 0 V. These characteristics revealed that the suspended nanowire FET fabricated by the photolithography process had excellent performance. Better contacts between the ZnO nanowire and metal electrodes could be improved through annealing and metal deposition using a focused ion beam.     

广州市居住环境上空悬浮颗粒物分布的信息分析研究

生活环境中微尘的污染直接影响人体的健康，搞清楚悬浮颗粒在生活环境中的分布情况对环境的治理有重要意义。文中介绍了本研究组对广州市四个观察点能见情况的观察结果。对广州市四个不同功能区包括工业区、商业区、居住区和园林区的居住环境空气的浮悬颗粒物，在不同季节、不同层高进行了采样；组建了电子显微ＣＣＤ摄像系统；用所研究的纤维物剔除图像处理软件，分析了以上居住环境的浮悬颗粒物分布情况。指出广州市居住上空的浮悬颗粒物大小的分布符合指数函数分布规律，给出了ＰＭ１０以下微尘颗粒分布的分析结果及进一步应研究的内容。     

湖泊藻类叶绿素-α和悬浮物浓度的高光谱定量遥感模型研究

本文利用地物光谱仪对太湖水体进行了光谱测量和同步采样分析，对获得的数据尝试用光谱分离法进行分析，从中分离出蓝藻和悬浮物的特征波峰，建立波峰高度与同步水质采样得到的叶绿素-α浓度和悬浮物浓度的对应关系，得出其遥感定量反演算法，并实际应用在OMIS成像光谱仪图像上．     

磁悬浮隔振装置的计算机仿真

利用Matlab对单自由度全状态度馈三阶磁悬浮隔振装置进行了计算机仿真，仿真结果表明在研发磁悬浮隔振装置时，除了要满足频域性能指标外，还必须充分注意自然响应分量对系统性能的影响。文中还简介了主导极点的选择问题。     

基于介质集成悬置槽线的差分至单端功分器北大核心CSCD

设计了一种基于介质集成悬置槽线的宽带差分至单端功分器。采用槽线与微带线耦合的差分过渡结构,实现了差分电路与单端电路的互连。在较宽的工作频率范围内实现了较好的共模噪声抑制。在10.52~15.58 GHz的频率范围内,测得差分端口处的回波损耗优于10 dB。输出端口在10.1~15 GHz的频率范围内保持15 dB以上的隔离度。差分工作模式下,功分器输出的两路信号具有幅值相等、相位相反的特点。所设计的电路基于多层板结构,将槽线及其核心电路悬置于多层板内置的腔体中,具有自封装、低辐射损耗等优势。     

海底激光雷达悬浮颗粒粒径分布反演方法的研究

在激光雷达海洋探测技术中,为了实时监测海水中悬浮颗粒物粒径分布,需要对激光雷达接收信号进行处理和反演计算。根据Mie散射理论,用聚苯乙烯粒子作为研究样本,取三种不同粒径的聚苯乙烯粒子,分别配制不同浓度的溶液、测量了不同散射角、不同光波长下的散射系数随浓度的变化关系。测量结果表明:在散射角为15°,光波长范围为450 nm~700 nm时,散射系数与浓度具有很好的单调递增性;对1∶1∶1 的三种粒径聚苯乙烯溶液进行了测量,结果说明混合物散射系数与同种浓度下三种单粒径的散射系数之和基本一致,具有很强的线性相关性;通过实验与理论比较,在适合波段内,反演误差小,反演精度较高。     

基于人工神经网络的高分五号高光谱影像悬浮泥沙浓度反演方法

悬浮泥沙浓度是水体监测中极为重要的指标.本论文基于神经网络具有弥补传统经验算法固有误差的潜力,设计并开发了基于人工神经网络的神经网络校正器来对经验反演结果进行二次校正.为了防止在小数据集的情况下出现过拟合问题,采用了特殊设计的正则化项.基于高分五号高光谱遥感数据以及在长江口和沿海水域同时收集的悬浮泥沙浓度实地测量结果,...