流动性约束对我国城镇居民消费影响的实证分析

根据1978~2007年我国城镇居民消费和收入的相关数据,对我国城镇居民消费和流动性约束之间的关系进行了实证分析,并检验了流动性约束对消费的影响中是否包含了不确定性因素.分析结果表明:我国城镇居民消费受到较强的流动性约束制约;而流动性约束的测度受不确定性影响较小.     

利用面板数据模型分析湖南城镇居民的收入与消费之间的关系

本文利用面板数据模型研究湖南省城镇居民1999-2005年收入与消费之间的关系,分析湖南居民的收入差异对居民消费的影响,为今后调整湖南的消费结构,扩大内需,促进经济发展提供理论依据.     

Power-aware routing based on DSR for Mobile Ad hoc NETworks

Energy consumption is a crucial design concern in Mobile Ad hoc NETworks （MANETs） since nodes are powered by batteries with limited energy, whereas Dynamic Source Routing （DSR） protocol does not take the energy limitation of MANET nodes into account. This paper proposes an energy-saving routing algorithm based on DSR： Power Aware Routing protocol based on DSR （PAR-DSR）. The design objective of PAR-DSR is to select energy-efficient paths. The main features of PAR-DSR are： （1） Nodes use the Signal Attenuation Rate （SAR） to conduct power control operations; （2） Minimum path cost as metric to balance the traffic and energy consumption of wireless nodes. The simulation results show that PAR-DSR can greatly reduce the energy consumption of MANET nodes. The average node lifetime of PAR-DSR is 50%-77% longer than that of DSR.     

家用洗碗机能效要求比较分析

该文主要分析和介绍了世界主要发达国家／地区家用洗碗机强制性和自愿性能效要求，包括限值要求、计算和检测方法等，并对主要国家/地区的能效限值要求进行了比较分析，旨在帮助出口生产企业了解发达国家/地区在能效限值方面的要求，提高应对国外技术贸易壁垒的能力。     

UEs Power Reduction Evolution with Adaptive Mechanism over LTE Wireless Networks

At present, the major drawback for mobile phones is the issue of power consumption. As one of the alternatives to decrease the power consumption of standard, power-hungry location-based services usually require the knowledge of how individual phone features consume power. A typical phone feature is that the applications related to multimedia streaming utilize more power while receiving, processing, and displaying the multimedia contents, thus contributing to the increased power consumption. There is a growing concern that current battery modules have limited capability in fulfilling the long-term energy need for the progress on the mobile phone because of increasing power consumption during multimedia streaming processes. Considering this, in this paper, we provide an offline meaning sleep-mode method to compute the minimum power consumption comparing with the power-on solution to save power by implementing energy rate adaptation (RA) mechanism based on mobile excess energy level purpose to save battery power use. Our simulation results show that our RA method preserves efficient power while achieving better throughput compared with the mechanism without rate adaptation (WRA).     

Interfacial reaction between 42Sn-58Bi solder and electroless Ni-P/immersion Au under bump metallurgy during aging

The interfacial reaction between 42Sn-58Bi solder (in wt.% unless specified otherwise) and electroless Ni-P/immersion Au was investigated before and after thermal aging, with a focus on the formation and growth of an intermetallic compound layer, consumption of under bump metallurgy (UBM), and bump shear strength. The immersion Au layer with thicknesses of 0 μm (bare Ni), 0.1 μm, and 1 μm was plated on a 5-μm-thick layer of electroless Ni-P (with 14–15 at.% P). The 42Sn-58Bi solder balls were then fabricated on three different UBM structures by using screen printing and pre-reflow. A Ni₃Sn₄ layer formed at the joint interface after the pre-reflow for all three UBM structures. On aging at 125°C, a quaternary phase, identified as Sn₇₇Ni₁₅Bi₆Au₂, was observed above the Ni₃Sn₄ layer in the UBM structures that contain Au. The thick Sn₇₇Ni₁₅Bi₆Au₂ layer degraded the integrity of the solder joint, and the shear strength of the solder bump was about 40% less than the nonaged joints.     

A low-phase-noise 900-MHz CMOS ring oscillator with quadrature output

A 900-MHz two-stage CMOS voltage controlled ring oscillator (VCRO) with quadrature output is presented. The circuit is designed in a 0.18-um CMOS technology and operated on a 1.8-V supply voltage. The VCRO have a tuning range of 730 MHz to 1.43 GHz and good tuning linearity. Between 0 V and 1.1 V of control voltage, the gain of VCRO is around −620 MHz/V. At 900 MHz, the phase noise of the VCRO is −106.1 dBc/Hz at 600-KHz frequency offset with power consumption of 65.5 mW.     

CPU电源电路用沟槽棚MOSFET与e-JFET开关管的功耗对比研究

本文主要针对低压功率开关管的功耗进行了理论分析，并在此基础上分别对两种典型结构槽栅MOSFET和e-JFET在不同工作频率 下的功耗分布和总功耗进行了定量的仿真计算和对比。通过研究发现，在一定工作条件下，常闭型e-JFET比目前常用的沟槽栅型MOSFET仅开关功耗就降低约24%，总功耗则降低约30%，将其运用于CPU电源电路中的开关功率管的制造，在高频领域有着极好的应用前景。     

无线传感器网络数据融合研究综述

由于无线传感器网络存在能量约束问题,因此在网内进行数据融合是降低节点消耗的重要手段之一。文章在简单介绍融合模型的基础上,重点分析目前提出的主要数据融合机制—应用层的数据融合、网络层的数据融合、独立的数据融合,最后给出了结论和展望。