Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound of the liver: Experience of 92 cases

Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound (3D-CEUS) is a combination of three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). To evaluate the feasibility of 3D-CEUS in liver imaging, investigate possible influencing factors to its image quality, and evaluate the influence of 3D-CEUS to clinical outcome, low acoustic power (mechanical index, 0.08-0.13) 3D-CEUS was carried out in 102 focal liver lesions in 92 patients by using the LOGIQ 9 ultrasound scanner and a volume transducer (frequency range, 2-5 MHz; focusing ability, 2-25 cm in depth; azimuth aperture 5.9 cm). The lesions were classified into two groups: group 1 (n = 51) for characterization and group 2 (n = 51) for local treatment response evaluation. The factors that influenced the image quality of 3D-CEUS were analyzed. The image quality and usefulness of 3D-CEUS between the two groups were compared by using the χ²-test. The results showed that the lesion diameter, location, and scanning route had no significant influence on the image quality in both groups, whereas interfering factors damaged the image quality in group 1. In group 1, during arterial phase, high image quality was more frequently found in hyperenhanced and hypo- or non-enhanced lesions compared with isoenhanced lesions. In group 2, interfering factor and local treatment response had no obvious influence on the image quality. The visualization rate of high image quality was 94.1% (48/51) in group 2 vs. 72.6% (37/51) in group 1 (P = 0.012). The investigators found that 3D-CEUS improved confidence but made no change in diagnosis in 19 (37.3%) of 51 lesions in group 1, whereas 41 (80.4%) of 51 lesions in group 2 (P = 0.000). 3D-CEUS tends to obtain better image quality and lead to higher diagnostic confidence in the lesions for local treatment response evaluation, and perhaps is more useful in this aspect in future clinical settings.     

Three kinds of TVS in a SIR epidemic model with saturated infectious force and vertical transmission

Three different vaccination and treatment strategies in the SIR epidemic model with saturated infectious force and vertical transmission are analyzed. The dynamics of epidemic models are globally investigated by using Floquet theory and comparison theorem of impulsive differential equation. Thresholds are identified and global stability results are proved. For every treatment and vaccination strategy, the disease-free periodic solution of impulsive system has been obtained and is found to be globally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number is less than one, equivalently the cure rate is larger than the threshold value, whereas the disease is persistent when the basic reproduction number is larger than one. These results indicate that a large cure rate will lead to the eradication of a disease.     

Influence of different SiC surface treatments performed prior to Ni ohmic contacts formation

This work is dealing with the influence of surface treatment on ohmic contacts to hexagonal N-type SiC with medium doping level. The contact materials were Ni and Ni₂Si. The structures had to be annealed at high temperatures in order to reach ohmic behavior. A number of surface treatment methods were tested: wet cleaning, plasma etching, intentional oxidation with etching, H₂ annealing and their combinations. After some types of cleaning, the SiC surface was immediately analysed using the XPS method. The results of the analyses showed that the composition of the surface was not much influenced by these treatments. At lower annealing temperatures (approx. up to 850 °C) the prepared contacts showed Schottky behavior with large scatter of parameters. After annealing at approx. 960 °C, where the onset of ohmic behavior is expected, the structures were truly ohmic and of good parameters. Cleaning methods had just a negligible influence on the electrical parameters of the ohmic contacts. An explanation for these observed facts is suggested: Although - already on the basis of the XPS results - we could speak about a negligible influence of the cleaning onto the contact parameters, there might come across also other mechanisms coming from interaction of contact materials with SiC, which caused similar behavior of ohmic contacts on differently treated surfaces.     

The comparison of the proton dose distribution calculated with the treatment planning system and measured with alanine detectors in the eye phantom irradiated under therapeutic conditions

The paper describes the applicability of commercially available alanine detectors produced by Synergy Health for verification of the dose distribution calculated by the treatment planning system (TPS) used in proton eye radiotherapy – Eclipse Ocular Proton Planning (EOPP) program, version 8.9.06, Varian Medical Systems. The TPS-planned dose distribution at selected points in the eye phantom is compared to the dose registered by alanine detectors at these points during a simulated therapeutic irradiation at the proton eye radiotherapy facility in the Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics (IFJ PAN), Krakow, Poland. The phantom was irradiated to obtain, a typical for choroidal melanoma, fraction dose of 15 CGE (13,64 Gy) at the tumor location. The dose registered with alanine pellets located inside the simulated tumor volume demonstrates a good agreement with the TPS-planned dose. The typical for proton radiotherapy, steep dose fall-off outside the treated area is registered by the alanine pellets however, it is difficult to assess it quantitatively, because the dose related EPR signal is registered from the entire pellet volume.     

地震CT与FBG传感器技术在隧道结构诊断中的应用

针对飞鱼泽隧道的上行线二衬拱顶靠档墙处出现裂缝,经地震CT技术查清隧道上所覆盖岩体的工程地质结构结果表明,沿隧道轴向存在三个岩体破碎带,其中在小里程入口段,岩体完整性较差。在隧道病害治理和隧道健康监测中,经光纤Bragg光栅（FBG）传感器的监测结果表明,松散破碎岩体的地质情况得到了相应的加固。因此,地震CT和FBG两者的检测结论是相互印证的。     

粉末活性炭与碱式氯化铝混凝处理微污染水源水的研究

用粉末活性炭吸附与碱式氯化铝混凝相结合的工艺处理微污染生活水源水,研究活性炭种类、加入量和加入先后等因素对原水嗅味、色度和有机物等去除效率的影响。结果显示,投加40mg/L200mesh活性炭以后再进行混凝,对各种污染物的去除效果较好,对原水异嗅味、色度、浊度、矿物油和苯酚的去除率分别达到71%~90%,对CODMn、TOC和氨氮的去除率分别在47%~53%、26%~27%和10%~18%范围。     

真空紫外光直接光CVD SiO_2膜的偏压温度处理

对真空紫外光直接光ＣＶＤ法制备的ＳｉＯ２膜进行温度偏压处理，测量了处理前后的高频Ｃ－Ｖ特性曲线，计算出可动离子数为２×１０１１ｃｍ－２。处理后的特性曲线有明显的滞后效应，其滞后方向与极化效应的方向相同，其等效极化电荷数为２～５×１０１１ｃｍ－２。     

Partial anisotropy induced by low-field thermomagnetic treatment of noncrystalline ribbons

Summary The initial development of the transverse anisotropy induced by magnetic annealing is investigated for magnetizing field values which are much smaller than the ones generally employed. Measurements of Young modulus and longitudinal magnetostriction not only show their relation with induced anistotropy, as predicted in a previous paper, but also enable us to calculate the easy magnetization direction. The results are in agreement with the distributed relaxation time theory.

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Riassunto La cinetica dell’anisotropia trasversale, indotta da trattamenti termomagnetici, è stata studiata per valori del campo magnetico notevolmente piú piccoli di quelli generalmente impiegati. Si dimostra la relazione del modulo di elasticità lineare e la magnetostrizione longitudinale con l’energia di anisotropia indotta, come già predetto in un precedente lavoro. In base alla coerenza dei risultati abbiamo potuto stimare la direzione di facile magnetizzazione indotta da trattamenti termomagnetici parziali. I risultati sono in accordo con l’ipotesi teorica di tempi di rilassamento distribuiti.

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Резюме Исследуется начальное развитие поперечной анизотропии, индуцированной магнитным отжигом, в магнитных полях, напряженности которых очень малые по сравнению с обычно используемыми. Измерения модуля Юнга и продольной магнитострикции не только показывают связь с индуцированной анизотропией, но также позволяют вычислить направление легкого намагничивания. Полученные результаты согласуются с теорией.

     

On the critical problem of F. D. pressure treatment for laminar flows confined by permeable walls

In the present work the viscous (low Reynolds) flow in plane ducts confined by permeable walls has been studied. A simple model of the filtrating walls has been used, with the normal velocity component proportional to the pressure jump across the wall, resulting in a non-standard boundary value Navier-Stokes problem. A critical analysis of the appropriate boundary condition and pressure problem has led to the conclusions of employing a simple explicit finite volume approach, and of avoiding the use of higher order finite difference schemes. In this paper a special emphasis on the structure of the involved computational matrices has been given to illustrate the chosen algorithm. The latter yields a steady state solution that is second order accurate in space, and it has an accuracy in time of order ≤ Δt (the time step), due to the explicit treatment of the velocity boundary conditions along the membrane. The model has been tested to study the effects of the inlet/outlet conditions, Reynolds number and filtrating wall constant.     

骚扰电话治理形势分析与风险应对研究

本文对中国移动骚扰电话治理工作以及当前的治理形势进行梳理,总结归纳了骚扰电话治理面对的风险与挑战,分析并提出了骚扰电话治理的发展方向,为下一步骚扰电话治理工作提供了思路。