分组交换网上的增值业务

本文介绍了公用和专用分组交换数据网的现状后，说明了开展标准的增值业务系统的重要性。论述了典型的增值业务系统－电子邮件和传真存储转发系统。     

Synthesis of 3-amino 1H-pyrazoles catalyzed by p-toluene sulphonic acid using polyethylene glycol-400 as an efficient and recyclable reaction medium

Abstract

An efficient synthesis of 3-amino 1H-pyrazoles is described. The reaction of β-keto nitriles with hydrazines in the presence of a catalytic amount of p-toluene sulphonic acid using polyethylene glycol-400 as an efficient and recyclable reaction medium afforded the corresponding 3-amino 1H pyrazoles excellent yields.     

Transformation of Oximes and Alcohols to Carbonyl Compounds Using Amberlite IRA-400 Supported Chromic Acid in the Presence of Zirconium Tetrachloride

A wide variety of oximes and alcohols were efficiently converted to their corresponding aldehydes and ketones in good to excellent yields using amberlite IRA-400 supported chromic acid in the presence of zirconium tetrachloride in refluxing acetonitrile-H2O. Selective oxidation of oximes and alcohols in the presence of other functional groups such as acetal, hydrazone, aldehyde, ether and alkene can be considered as a noteworthy advantage of this method. A wide variety of oximes and alcohols were efficiently converted to their corresponding aldehydes and ketones in good to excellent yields using amberlite IRA-400 supported chromic acid in the presence of zirconium tetrachloride in refluxing acetonitrile-H2O. Selective oxidation of oximes and alcohols in the presence of other functional groups such as acetal, hydrazone, aldehyde, ether and alkene can be considered as a noteworthy advantage of this method.     

Study on Chemiluminescence Assay of Surfactant PEG-400 Using Luminol–Hydrogen Peroxide System

Abstract

Based on the fact that nonionic surfactant polyethylene glycol-400 (PEG-400) catalyzed the chemiluminescence of luminol-H₂O₂ system, a novel and simple chemiluminescence method has been developed for the determination of PEG-400. Under the optimal conditions, the standard curve was Y = 198835X–2091.8, where the correlation coefficient (R) was 0.9999. The detection limit was 4 × 10^?5 g·ml^?1 PEG-400 and the linear range was 1.0 × 10^?4–4.0 × 10^?2g·ml^?1. The relative standard deviation was 3.2% at 2.0 × 10^?3 g·ml^?1 PEG-400 (n = 7). This method has been applied to the determination of PEG-400 in cosmetic samples with satisfactory results. Furthermore, the dynamics characteristic curve of PEG-400 in luminol-H₂O₂ system was compared to typical metallic ion and other surfactants. Moreover, the mechanism of the luminol-H₂O₂-PEG-400 chemiluminescence system was studied, assisted by fluorescence spectra and UV spectra.     

聚乙二醇400-水介质中水溶性钌膦二胺催化苄叉丙酮的不对称加氢反应

在聚乙二醇400-水绿色可循环介质中,以手性二胺(S,S)-1,2-二苯基乙二胺二磺酸钠((S,S)-DPENDS)与非手性钌膦络合物([RuCl2(TPPTS)2]2)原位生成的水溶性钌膦二胺为催化剂,考察了苄叉丙酮的选择性不对称加氢反应.在优化的反应条件下,羰基加氢产物4-苯基-3-丁烯-2-醇的化学选择性和对映选择性分别为98.5%和74.3%.经正己烷萃取后,催化剂即可从产物中分离出来.循环使用5次后,4-苯基-3-丁烯-2-醇化学选择性和对映选择性没有明显下降.     

Synthesis of N-substituted-2-aminobenzothiazoles using nano copper oxide as a recyclable catalyst under ligand-free conditions in reusable PEG-400 medium

A simple and practical method for the synthesis of N-substituted-2-aminobenzothiazoles via a crosscoupling reaction of 2-iodo anilines with isothiocyanates is envisaged using nano copper oxide as a recyclable catalyst and Cs2CO3as a base in PEG-400,as a bio-degradable,reusable,inexpensive and nontoxic reaction medium,under ligand-free conditions.The present tandem process underlines environmental acceptability to access a wide range of N-substituted-2-aminobenzothiazoles in good to excellent yields.     

Water-dispersible non-aqueous emulsions stabilized by a poly(butadiene)-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) block copolymer

Submicron non-aqueous emulsions, of interest for biomedical and cosmetic formulations, were developed for the system comprising poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) 400 and Miglyol 812, an enzymatic degradable liquid glycerine ester. These emulsions, with PEG 400 as continuous phase and Miglyol 812 droplets, in the size range of 200 nm, were stabilized by a poly(butadiene)-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PBut-b-P2VP) block copolymer with a composition close to 50/50 wt%. The droplet size, stability and the rheological characteristics were examined as a function of the copolymer concentration. An original aspect of these anhydrous emulsions, with a water miscible continuous phase, is their water dispersibility without additional surfactant. In fact, the initial anhydrous emulsion is sterically stabilized and after water addition at low pH, the protonated P2VP sequence of the copolymer provides the electro-steric stabilization. This oil-in-water emulsion is characterized by sub micron sized Miglyol 812 droplets in an aqueous phase of PEG 400 and water at pH 1.     

二氧化锰纳米棒的固相合成与表征

上世纪90年代以来,纳米科技向化学电源领域渗透,科技工作者开始研发纳米级MnO2电极材料,主要包括MnO2纳米粉体的制备[1-8]和将其作为碱锰电池正极材料[1-3]、高能量密度锂电池正极材料以及超级电容器电极材料的性能研究[4-8].     

PEG-400 mediated an efficient eco-friendly synthesis of new isoxazolyl pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines and their anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity

Abstract

Polyethylene glycol-400 (PEG-400) has been developed as an efficient and eco-friendly reaction medium for the synthesis of new isoxazolyl pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives 11 from isoxazolyl cyanoacetamide synthon 7. Compound 7 was employed with various aromatic aldehydes 8 and malononitrile 9 in the presence of triethylamine (Et₃N) to afford the corresponding (E)-6-amino-1-(3-methyl-5-styrylisoxazol-4-yl)-2-oxo-4-phenyl-1,2-dihydro- pyridine-3,5-dicarbonitrile 10 at room temperature by using PEG-400 as a solvent medium as well as catalyst. The intermediate 10 on treatment with thiourea in the presence of PEG-400 at 90?°C to give the target compounds isoxazolyl pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines 11 in good to excellent yields. The newly synthesized compounds 10 and 11 were characterized by IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and HRMS analysis. The target compounds 11a-x was screened for their anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Among the tested compounds, the compounds 11s, 11t, 11u, 11v, 11w, and 11x showed significant anti-inflammatory and potent analgesic activities as that of reference drugs. The advantages of this protocol are operational simplicity, catalyst free, environmental safety, wide substrate scope, good yields, and PEG-400 can be recovered and reused. Most significant of all, this protocol is green.     

Facile polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) promoted synthesis of β-ketosulfones

An efficient and convenient synthesis of β-ketosulfones is described. Reaction of an α-haloketone with sodium alkyl/aryl sulphinate yields the corresponding β-ketosulfone promoted by polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) as an efficient reaction medium.