全文获取类型
收费全文 | 58310篇 |
免费 | 5790篇 |
国内免费 | 10938篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 45761篇 |
晶体学 | 1867篇 |
力学 | 634篇 |
综合类 | 418篇 |
数学 | 3312篇 |
物理学 | 13069篇 |
无线电 | 9977篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 220篇 |
2023年 | 1323篇 |
2022年 | 1865篇 |
2021年 | 2124篇 |
2020年 | 2104篇 |
2019年 | 1952篇 |
2018年 | 1561篇 |
2017年 | 2032篇 |
2016年 | 2125篇 |
2015年 | 1894篇 |
2014年 | 2528篇 |
2013年 | 4968篇 |
2012年 | 3696篇 |
2011年 | 3986篇 |
2010年 | 3395篇 |
2009年 | 4075篇 |
2008年 | 3923篇 |
2007年 | 4017篇 |
2006年 | 3780篇 |
2005年 | 3262篇 |
2004年 | 3023篇 |
2003年 | 2589篇 |
2002年 | 2158篇 |
2001年 | 1764篇 |
2000年 | 1584篇 |
1999年 | 1299篇 |
1998年 | 1100篇 |
1997年 | 927篇 |
1996年 | 833篇 |
1995年 | 832篇 |
1994年 | 747篇 |
1993年 | 599篇 |
1992年 | 556篇 |
1991年 | 433篇 |
1990年 | 306篇 |
1989年 | 251篇 |
1988年 | 205篇 |
1987年 | 130篇 |
1986年 | 100篇 |
1985年 | 118篇 |
1984年 | 98篇 |
1983年 | 40篇 |
1982年 | 70篇 |
1981年 | 97篇 |
1980年 | 67篇 |
1979年 | 68篇 |
1978年 | 47篇 |
1977年 | 52篇 |
1976年 | 33篇 |
1973年 | 31篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Electric fields of the anions, cations and neutral forms of 2-aminopurine and 6-thioguanine have been mapped. Certain important
features of the maps are similar to those found earlier in the neutral and ionic forms of adenine and guanine. The computed
electric field patterns satisfactorily explain reactive sites and biological activity of the molecules. 相似文献
42.
43.
Y. Nakamura Ichiro Tanaka N. Takeuchi S. Koshiba H. Sakaki 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1998,27(11):1240-1243
We studied morphology of GaAs surfaces and the transport properties of two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) on vicinal (111)B
planes. Multi-atomic steps (MASs) are found on the vicinal (111)B facet grown by molecular beam epitaxy, which will affect
electron transport on the facet. We also studied how the morphology of GaAs epilayers on vicinal (111)B substrates depends
on growth conditions, especially on the As4 flux. The uniformity of MASs on the substrates have been improved and smooth surfaces were obtained when the GaAs was grown
with high As4 flux, providing step periodicity of 20 nm. The channel resistance of the 2DEG perpendicular to the MASs is reduced drastically
with this smooth morphology. These findings are valuable not only for fabricating quantum devices on the (111)B facets but
also those on the vicinal (111)B substrates. 相似文献
44.
阐述了紫外无机非线性光学晶体分子工程学探索方法的基本特点,具体分析深紫外无机非线性光学晶体硼铍酸锶(SBBO)以氟硼铍酸钾(KBBF)为主要参考晶体的分子设计方法,随后根据晶体结构研究、单晶培养、和非线性光学性能测定等实验结果讨论SBBO作为新型深紫外无机晶体的主要优点,即它既具有更短的紫外吸收边(接近155nm)和较大的非线性光学系数(d22(SBBO)=06×d22(BBO)=138pm/V),同时晶体无明显层状习性,并肯有良好的化学稳定性和机械性能 相似文献
45.
测量了Cr^4+,YAG、Cr^4+,Mg2SiO4晶体在室温和液氮温度下的荧光光谱,吸收光谱和激发态寿命,讨论了温度变化时,两种晶体中Cr^4+近红外辐射积分强度变化与激光发态寿命变化的关系,得出结论:在77K ̄300K范围内,Cr^4+的^3T2能级荧光辐射截面本身受温度影响不大,Cr^4+辐射荧光的变化,主要是由无辐射弛豫速率随温度变化而引起的。 相似文献
46.
A model is reported to foresee ,for different mirror choices, the spectral properties of a high pressure, frequency tunable, CO2 laser, operating with a non-Littrow grating mounting. The calculations show a larger frequency selectivity for not collimated plane cavities. The model is experimentally verified in a suitable high pressure laser. In particular narrowed linewidths less than 300MHz ( FWHM) are obtained. 相似文献
47.
视频编码中的块运动估计算法 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
在视频压缩的一些国际标准,如H.261,H.263,MPEG0-1,MPEG-2,HDTV中,视频系统编码器的复杂性最主要取决于运动估计。下文以MPEG-2编码器为例,通过计算机模拟实验,得出了一些常用运动估计算法的对比实验结果,以及采用常用的几种匹配函数的对比实验结果。 相似文献
48.
Hiroshi Ito Masaki Okazaki Dolores C. Miller 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2004,42(6):1478-1505
Radical copolymerizations of electron‐deficient 2‐trifluoromethylacrylic (TFMA) monomers, such as 2‐trifluoromethylacrylic acid and t‐butyl 2‐trifluoromethylacrylate (TBTFMA), with electron‐rich norbornene derivatives and vinyl ethers with 2,2′‐azobisisobutyronitrile as the initiator were investigated in detail through the analysis of the kinetics in situ with 1H NMR and through the determination of the monomer reactivity ratios. The norbornene derivatives used in this study included bicyclo[2.2.1]hept‐2‐ene (norbornene) and 5‐(2‐trifluoromethyl‐1,1,1‐trifluoro‐2‐hydroxylpropyl)‐2‐norbornene. The vinyl ether monomers were ethyl vinyl ether, t‐butyl vinyl ether, and 3,4‐dihydro‐2‐H‐pyran. Vinylene carbonate was found to copolymerize with TBTFMA. Although none of the monomers underwent radical homopolymerization under normal conditions, they copolymerized readily, producing a copolymer containing 60–70 mol % TFMA. The copolymerization of the TFMA monomer with norbornenes and vinyl ethers deviated from the terminal model and could be described by the penultimate model. The copolymers of TFMA reported in this article were evaluated as chemical amplification resist polymers for the emerging field of 157‐nm lithography. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 1478–1505, 2004 相似文献
49.
Tatiana B. Mikenas Vladimir A. Zakharov Lyudmila G. Echevskaya Mikhail A. Matsko 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2007,45(22):5057-5066
The effects of polymerization temperature, polymerization time, ethylene and hydrogen concentration, and effect of comonomers (hexene‐1, propylene) on the activity of supported catalyst of composition LFeCl2/MgCl2‐Al(i‐Bu)3 (L = 2,6‐bis[1‐(2,6‐dimethylphenylimino)ethyl] pyridyl) and polymer characteristics (molecular weight (MW), molecular‐weight distribution (MWD), molecular structure) have been studied. Effective activation energy of ethylene polymerization over LFeCl2/MgCl2‐Al(i‐Bu)3 has a value typical of supported Ziegler–Natta catalysts (11.9 kcal/mol). The polymerization reaction is of the first order with respect to monomer at the ethylene concentration >0.2 mol/L. Addition of small amounts of hydrogen (9–17%) significantly increases the activity; however, further increase in hydrogen concentration decreases the activity. The IRS and DSC analysis of PE indicates that catalyst LFeCl2/MgCl2‐Al(i‐Bu)3 has a very low copolymerizing ability toward propylene and hexene‐1. MW and MWD of PE produced over these catalysts depend on the polymerization time, ethylene and hexene‐1 concentration. The activation effect of hydrogen and other kinetic features of ethylene polymerization over supported catalysts based on the Fe (II) complexes are discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 5057–5066, 2007 相似文献
50.
A palladium‐TPPTS catalyst heterogenized on KF/alumina has been shown to be effective and recyclable for the selective formation of monooctadienylxylopyranosides via the telomerization of butadiene with D ‐xylose. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献