HL-2M 装置初始等离子体放电阶段的直流辉光放电清洗系统研制

基于 HL-2M 托卡马克初始等离子体放电的工程需求,设计并研制了直流辉光放电清洗系统,包括电 极、馈线、电源、控制以及监测等关键部件和辅助子系统。研制完成后开展了系统装配和工程调试,并投入到首 次等离子体放电。实验结果表明,该直流辉光放电系统运行稳定、可靠,且此辉光放电清洗显著降低了真空室本 底杂质浓度,能满足 HL-2M 装置初始等离子体放电的壁条件需求。     

Behavior of viscoelastic glass bead suspensions under superposed flows

Parallel superposed flows may be useful in order to explain the rheological behavior of viscoelastic suspensions. It has been shown that relaxation times of molecules are affected by a combined flow, and the rheological behavior of glass bead suspensions in a viscoelastic medium is explaned in terms of such variations.     

Safety and comfort analysis of a 3-D vehicle model with optimal non-linear active seat suspension

A generalized nonlinear model is formulated for the dynamic analysis of suspension seats with passive, semi-active and active dampers. The model incorporates coulomb friction due to suspension linkages and bushings, forces arising from interactions with the elastic limit stops, a linear suspension spring and nonlinear damping force for passive, semi-active and active dampers, while the contribution due to biodynamics of the human operator is considered to be negligible. The semi-active and active dampers are characterized by force generators in accordance with the control laws based upon suspension mass velocity. Two different suspension seats are experimentally assessed in the laboratory under sinusoidal and random excitations arising from an urban bus, and the measured data is used to demonstrate the validity of the proposed generalized model. The results showed reasonably good agreement between the model results and the measured data. Optimal model parameters are selected using the sequential unconstrained minimization technique with an objective to minimize the acceleration due to vibration transmitted to the occupant mass. The comfort and safety performance characteristics of the optimal suspension seat with semi-active and active dampers are evaluated under both the sinusoidal and random excitations based on the guidelines provided by ISO-2631. From these results, it is concluded that the comfort performance of a suspension seat with semi-active and active dampers can be considerably enhanced by 20–30%.     

Hydrodynamic formation of stable anisotropic structures in Couette flow of dilute suspensionFormation hydrodynamique pour structures anisotropiques stables dans un flux de Couette d'une suspension diluée

The problem of rotary motion of rigid axially symmetric elongated particles in the Couette flow of dilute suspension with anisotropic carrier fluid is solved. It is shown that the stable stationary solutions of the dynamical set of ordinary differential equations describing the particles rotary motion are possible in the case of forming the stationary anisotropy in the carrier fluid of the suspension. It allows us to detect the stationary orientation of suspended particles and formation of stable anisotropic liquid-crystalline structures in the considered suspension under the action of hydrodynamic forces. The study of rheological properties of such a structured suspension shows that it behaves as a viscoelastic quasi-Newtonian anisotropic liquid medium. To cite this article: E.Yu. Taran et al., C. R. Mecanique 332 (2004).     

Rheological characterization of a solder paste for surface mount applications

Solder pastes used in surface mount soldering techniques (SMT) are very complex suspensions containing high volumes of metallic powder in a carrier fluid. The rheological complexity results largely from the carrier fluid itself, which is a suspension of colloidal particles. In this work, we have characterized the rheological properties of a typical carrier fluid and its solder paste containing 64 vol.% metallic powder. A six-blade vane geometry was used to avoid wall slip and sample fracture. All measurements were carried out following pre-shearing and rest time in order to obtain reproducible results. Steady shear experiments showed that the solder paste was highly shear-thinning and thixotropic. In oscillatory shear, the linear viscoelastic domain was found to be very narrow for both the suspending fluid and the paste. Frequency sweep tests in the linear domain revealed a gel-like structure with a nearly constant G′ for the suspending fluid and a slightly increasing G′ for the solder paste. From creep experiments, a yield stress of about 40 Pa was determined for the suspending fluid at temperatures between 25 and 40°C, and of 100 Pa at 4°C. A much larger yield stress, 480 Pa, was determined for the solder paste at 25°C.     

Rheological behaviour of two-phase flow of solid particles in a gas

The present investigation was concerned with the rheological behaviour of dilute suspensions of solid particles in a gas in a vertical cocurrent flow moving upwards. Starting from the experimentally determined dependence of the pressure drop on the concentration of solid particles and the Reynolds number of the carrier medium in the steady flow region, the rheological parameters were estimated using pseudo-shear diagrams. Air was the carrier medium and the dispersed phase was one of six fractions of polypropylene powder and five fractions of glass ballotini. The results show that the investigated two-phase systems have pseudoplastic character which becomes more pronounced with increases in concentration, equivalent diameter and density of solid particles in the flowing suspension. C _d coefficient of particle resistance - d _e equivalent diameter of particles - D column diameter - Fr Froude number - g gravitational acceleration - K rheological parameter - L length - n rheological parameter - p _t pressure drop due to friction - p _m total pressure drop - p _ag pressure drop due to acceleration of the gas phase - p _as pressure drop due to acceleration of the solid phase - p _g hydrostatic pressure of the gas phase - p _s specific effective weight of the dispersed phase - r radius - Re Reynolds number - Re _p Reynolds number of a particle - Re _G generalized Reynolds number - Re _G1 generalized Reynolds number relating to the end of the laminar flow region - Re _G2 generalized Reynolds number relating to the beginning of the turbulent flow region - w _z axial component of velocity - u _t steady free-fall velocity of a single particle - w average velocity - w _g average velocity of the gas phase - w _s average velocity of the dispersed phase of solid particles - relative mass fraction of solid particles - x _s volume fraction of solid particles - _g coefficient of pressure drop due to friction - µ dynamic viscosity - _g density of the gas phase - _m density of the suspension - _s density of solid particles - _ds density of the dispersed phase - _w shear stress at the wall     

在PCB中埋置有源元件

摘要文章概述了埋置有源元件的重要意义和主要埋嵌方法。它较详细地评述了三种埋嵌有源元件方法——“先”埋嵌有源元件、“中间”埋嵌有源元件和“最后”埋嵌有源元件,而“最后”埋嵌有源元件是较好的方法。文章提供了“最后”埋置有源元件的样品与效果。     

基于无线传感器网络门禁系统研究

介绍了一种操作方便、运行可靠的智能型无线门禁系统,系统前端探测器与主机微处理器之间传送数据采用无线方式,克服了有线式门禁系统布线的困难,避免了布线后会影响美观性的缺陷。系统采用模块化的设计思想,通过微控制器控制无线模块nRF905进而实现对TCS3C-TCD42A所采集的数据进行无线收发。该系统成本低、实用、可靠、功能灵活多样,可广泛用于银行、仓库和家庭等重要场所。     

Preparation and characterization of molecularly imprinted microspheres for dibutyl phthalate recognition in aqueous environment

Molecularly imprinted microspheres (MIMs) were prepared by suspension polymerization for the binding and recognition of dibutyl phthalate (DBP). DBP was used as the template molecule, methacrylic acid as the functional monomer, ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA) as the linking agent, PVA as the dispersing agent, and Span 60 as the surfactant. The MIMs were characterized with electron microscope scanning and rebinding experiments. The Scatchard plot revealed that the template‐polymer system has a two‐site binding behavior with dissociation constants of 4.05 and 0.515 mmol/L. The MIMs exhibited the highest selective rebinding to DBP at 736.85 μg/g. The recoveries of the MIM‐SPE column for DBP extraction was 94.75–101.9% with the RSD of 1.5–7.3%, indicating the feasibility of the prepared MIMs for DBP extraction. Finally, the method developed was used to analyze the trace levels of phthalate in aqueous environment samples.     

基于SystemACE的FPGA全局动态可重配置的研究

FPGA的全局动态可重配置技术主要是指对运行中的FPGA器件的全部逻辑资源实现在系统的功能变换,从而实现硬件的时分复用。提出了一种基于systemACE的全局动态可重配置设计方法,首先介绍Xilinx SystemACE技术,详细分析FPGA的全局动态可重配置的原理,使用SystemACE控制器件和Compact Flash卡,并讨论了其中的若干细节,然后基于SystemACE实现了Virtex一5系列FPGA全局动态可重配置。实验结果表明,该方法稳定可靠,可实现8种不同比特流的动态配置,与传统的FPGA配置方法相比,其配置更灵活。