Flexible Alkylene Bridges as a Tool To Engineer Crystal Distyrylbenzene Structures Enabling Highly Fluorescent Monomeric Emission

To design ultrabright fluorescent solid dyes, a crystal engineering strategy that enables monomeric emission by blocking intermolecular electronic interactions is required. We introduced propylene moieties to distyrylbenzene (DSB) as bridges between the phenyl rings either side of its C=C bonds. The bridged DSB derivatives formed compact crystals that emit colors similar to those of the same molecules in dilute solution, with high quantum yields. The introduction of flexible seven-membered rings to the DSB core produced moderate distortion and steric hindrance in the DSB π-plane. However, owing to this strategy, it was possible to control the molecular arrangement with almost no decrease in the crystal density, and intermolecular electronic interactions were suppressed. The bridged DSB crystal structure differs from other DSB derivative structures; thus, bridging affords access to novel crystalline systems. This design strategy has important implications in many fields and is more effective than the conventional photofunctional molecular crystal design strategies.     

Surface domain potential difference-mediated efficient charge separation on a defective ZnIn2S4 microsphere photocatalyst

Low-efficiency charge separation in metal sulfides is a major obstacle to realizing high photocatalytic performance. Herein, we propose the concept of a similar surface domain potential difference between adjacent microdomains with and without surface S vacancies on ZnIn₂S₄ to mediate charge separation. Defective ZnIn₂S₄ microspheres (DZISNPs) are prepared through a solvothermal method combined with a low-temperature hydrogenation surface engineering strategy. The as-prepared DZISNPs with a narrowed bandgap of 2.38 eV possess a large specific surface area of 178.5 m² g^?1, a pore size of 6.89 nm, and a pore volume of 0.36 cm³ g^?1, which further improves the visible light absorption. The resultant DZISNPs exhibit excellent visible light activity (2.15 mmol h^?1 g^?1), which is ～two-fold higher than that of the original DZISNP. The experimental results and DFT calculations reveal that the enhanced property can be a result of the surface S vacancy-induced surface domain potential difference, promoting the spatial separation of electrons and holes. Furthermore, the long-term stability of the DZISNPs indicates that the formation of surface S vacancies can inhibit the photocorrosion of ZnIn₂S₄. This strategy provides new insights for fabricating highly efficient and stable sulfide photocatalysts.     

Three-ligand Co-assembled 2D Au(I)-Thiolate Nanosheets

Two-dimensional (2D) Au(I)-thiolate assemblies are a special type of material that can balance high structural stability and rich surface functionality, which shows promising prospects in both fundamental research and applications. Co-assembly of multiple ligands is a facile way to further enrich the surface properties and functions, and expand their application potentials. In this work, taking 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA), cysteine (Cys) and 1-thioglycerol (TGO) as example ligands, we studied in detail the possibility to co-assemble them into one nanosheet. Although the three ligands have significantly different controllability and pathways when self-assembling individually with Au(I), they can still be effectively co-assembled by reacting with HAuCl₄ together to obtain three-ligand nanosheets with good colloidal stability. The key points for successful co-assembly are also revealed by comparing single- and three-ligand self-assembly processes, laying a solid foundation for co-assembly of even more ligands. The easy but powerful strategy for 2D materials with closely-packed and multiple tunable surface functional groups addresses the surface engineering problem for 2D materials and paves the way for their wider applications in sensing and biomaterials.     

Heterointerface Engineering of ZnO/CdS Heterostructures through ZnS Layers for Photocatalytic Water Splitting

Solar-driven water splitting to produce clean and renewable hydrogen offers a green strategy to address the energy crisis and environmental pollution. Heterostructure catalysts are receiving increasing attention for photocatalytic hydrogen generation. ZnO/ZnS/CdS and ZnO/CdS heterostructures have been successfully designed and prepared according to two different strategies. By introducing a heterointerface layer of ZnS between ZnO and CdS, a Z scheme charge-transfer channel was promoted and achieved superior photocatalytic performance. A highest hydrogen generation rate of 156.7 μmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹ was achieved by precise control of the thickness of the heterointerface layer and of the CdS shell. These findings demonstrated that heterostructures are promising catalysts for solar-driven water splitting, and that heterointerface engineering is an effective way to improve the photocatalytic properties of heterostructures.     

新工科背景下大型仪器培训体系的创新与实践——以扫描电镜为例

针对传统大型仪器培训体系存在的定位不准、内容不足、方案陈旧等局限性,结合“新工科”人才培养理念,围绕开放共享、科研导向、育人为本、安全高效的大型仪器培训方针,充分挖掘大型仪器设备的资源价值,释放科技资源潜力,初步建立了以扫描电镜为主体的远程培训、实体培训、应用培训、动态监管“四位一体”的新型大型仪器培训体系,形成了一个闭环的、高效的大型仪器培训管理模式,具有一定的推广和借鉴价值。     

利用掺杂诱导的金属-N活性位点和带隙调控提升石墨相氮化碳的光催化产氢性能

由于石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)的独特结构和性质,特别是其具有合适的能带结构位置及可调控的晶体结构,被广泛应用于光催化产氢反应中.然而,纯相氮化碳具有较快的光生电荷复合速率,这使其光催化产氢活性较低.目前,利用非金属或过渡金属原子掺杂可有效提升电荷分离速度,从而提高光催化产氢活性.相比于非金属掺杂,g-C3N4的三嗪环...     

A Defective Nanotube Molecule of C552H496N24 with Pyridinic and Pyrrolic Nitrogen Atoms

A 3-nm molecule comprising a cylindrical core and cross-shaped rims was designed and synthesized by developing a modular synthetic route. By using a cyclic precursor from previous studies as a starting material, multiple carbazole units were installed at the rims of the defective cylinder. The defective cylinder was synthetically doped with two types of nitrogen atoms, that is, pyridinic and pyrrolic nitrogen atoms, which resulted in solvatochromic shifts in fluorescence by charge-transfer interactions. The structure of the large, C₅₅₂H₄₉₆N₂₄ molecule was fully disclosed by crystallographic analyses, and the unique helical arrangement of nitrogen-doped cylinders in the crystal was revealed.     

ANISOTROPIC STRAIN EFFECT ON MORPHOLOGY AND ATOMIC STRUCTURE OF VICINAL Si(001) SURFACE

On vicinal Si(001) surfaces, dependence of growth morphology on the applied strain direction and formation of vacancy lines from Ag-induced missing dimer vacancies are studied. Both phenomena are intimately related to the anisotropic nature of the strain field which originates from the surface dimerization. Strain relief mechanism, reflecting on the surface morphology, is shown to be different in two orthogonal directions. Normal to the steps, step-pair bunching and waving lead to formation of hillocks and pits. Along the step direction, bending of step pairs forms a cusp which later develops into a deep groove. Toward the atomic scale, the formation of the vacancy lines is driven by the short-range attractive interaction between the vacancies in adjacent dimer rows and the long-range repulsive interaction between them in the same dimer row. A full form and magnitudes of the interactions are derived from the thermally-excited wandering of the vacancy lines formed by a nominal amount of Ag depositing onto the surface.