稀疏正交联合约束多通道非负矩阵分解声信号分离算法

针对复杂环境下多通道声信号分离问题,提出稀疏正交联合约束多通道非负矩阵分解声信号分离方法。首先设计基于多通道扩展坂仓斋藤(Itakura-Saito,IS)散度的稀疏正交联合约束项构造代价函数,给出信号稀疏和信号正交约束辅助函数,实现代价函数最小化求解。然后通过迭代更新规则设计,得到稀疏正交优化的多通道非负矩阵分解基矩阵和系数矩阵,讨论了稀疏正交约束对基矩阵和系数矩阵稀疏性与连续性影响。最后基于多通道信号空间特性,进行了非负矩阵分解基聚类以获得多通道非负矩阵分解声信号的分离结果。双通道音频数据与四通道声学目标分离实验数据测试表明,对音频数据,所提算法在性能指标信号失真比(SDR)上提高了0.84dB,对于直升机声源数据,所提算法在SDR上提高了4.53dB。     

基于实际空间截止频率的稀疏孔径双圆周阵列的优化

提出了一种新的稀疏孔径光瞳结构—两个圆周阵内外嵌套而成的双圆周结构,并研究了该结构的调制传递函数.该结构以实际空间截止频率作为约束条件,保证调制传递函数在最小截止频率以内无零频,以阵列的u－v覆盖点间距最大化及最小冗余度来设计目标函数,并采用这种优化方法对3-3、5-3以及6-3双圆周阵列进行了优化排列.将优化结果与相同子孔径数目的均匀圆周阵以及Golay结构进行仿真实验和比较.结果表明,优化后的双圆周阵列,具有最大的实际空间截止频率和实际等效口径.     

稀疏贝叶斯学习远近场混合源定位方法

针对远、近场混合源定位,提出一种基于稀疏重构理论框架的远、近场混合源分离和定位算法。该算法充分考虑平面波导向矢量和球面波导向矢量的相关特性,利用远、近场声源在阵列上的响应机理的差异,针对远、近场区域分别构造过完备字典,采用多测量矢量模型下的稀疏贝叶斯学习算法重构远近场混合源的空间谱,同时完成远近场混合源的分离和定位。本文算法可以在半波长间距布放的线列阵下对混合源进行定位,适用于高斯和非高斯信号,且无需信源数和噪声功率等先验信息,并具有较高的分辨力和定位精度·计算机仿真结果验证了算法的有效性。     

基于FTIR技术和稀疏线性判别分析的秦艽种类鉴别

傅里叶变换红外光谱通常包含有大量的波长变量点,对其进行定性分析需要建立稳健的、可解释性的分类模型。稀疏线性判别分析(SLDA)是一种较为新颖和有效的机器学习算法,常用于高维度、小样本数据的变量筛选和判别分析,SLDA通过在线性判别分析中引入正则项,使分类器训练过程和变量选择过程同时完成,不同判别方向上载荷系数的稀疏性则增强了模型的可解释性。采集甘肃不同产地的秦艽样本94个,其中麻花秦艽(Gentiana straminea Maxim)30个,黄管秦艽(Gentiana officinalis)28个,大叶秦艽(Gentiana macrophylla Pall)36个,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱法获得所有样本的光谱图。取其中70个样本构成训练集,剩余24个为测试集。使用训练集建立SLDA模型,对2个判别方向上不为0的载荷系数个数进行网格化寻优,得到了最优的参数空间。利用建立的SLDA模型对测试样本进行预测,其分类准确率达到100%,实现了对三种秦艽的快速、准确鉴别。实验结果表明,与PLS-DA方法相比,SLDA模型在分类准确率、稀疏性及可解释性方面均具有一定优势,是一种新颖、有效的光谱定性分析方法。     

基于积分直方图的快速粒子滤波跟踪算法

基于直方图的粒子滤波已成功地用于解决计算机视觉中的目标跟踪问题,但是,在观测似然计算上的低效限制了它们的实时应用。针对该问题,提出了一种快速的粒子跟踪方法。其建立在积分直方图技术的基础上,使得每个候选样本的观测似然能够由少量的查找表运算有效地计算出来。该方法使用了大量的粒子以确保鲁棒性,同时确保具备实时跟踪的能力。实验结果表明该方法在计算效率上优于通常的粒子滤波跟踪方法。     

Optimized analysis of the critical behavior in polymer mixtures from Monte Carlo simulations

A complete outline is given for how to determine the critical properties of polymer mixtures with extrapolation methods similar to the Ferrenberg-Swendsen techniques recently devised for spin systems. By measuring not only averages but the whole distribution of the quantities of interest, it is possible to extrapolate the data obtained in only a few simulations nearT _c over the entire critical region, thereby saving at least 90% of the computer time normally needed to locate susceptibility peaks or cumulant intersections and still getting more precise results. A complete picture of the critical properties of polymer mixtures in the thermodynamic limit is then obtained with finite-size scaling functions. Since the amount of information extracted from a simulation in this way is drastically increased as compared to conventional methods, the investigation of mixtures with long chains or built-in asymmetries is now possible. As an example, the critical points, exponents, and amplitudes of dense, symmetric polymer mixtures with chain lengths ranging fromN=16 up toN=256 are determined within the framework of the 3D bond fluctuation model using grand canonical simulation techniques. As an example for an asymmetry, the generalization of the method to asymmetric monomer potentials is briefly discussed.     

Magnetic resonance image reconstruction using trained geometric directions in 2D redundant wavelets domain and non-convex optimization

Reducing scanning time is significantly important for MRI. Compressed sensing has shown promising results by undersampling the k-space data to speed up imaging. Sparsity of an image plays an important role in compressed sensing MRI to reduce the image artifacts. Recently, the method of patch-based directional wavelets (PBDW) which trains geometric directions from undersampled data has been proposed. It has better performance in preserving image edges than conventional sparsifying transforms. However, obvious artifacts are presented in the smooth region when the data are highly undersampled. In addition, the original PBDW-based method does not hold obvious improvement for radial and fully 2D random sampling patterns. In this paper, the PBDW-based MRI reconstruction is improved from two aspects: 1) An efficient non-convex minimization algorithm is modified to enhance image quality; 2) PBDW are extended into shift-invariant discrete wavelet domain to enhance the ability of transform on sparsifying piecewise smooth image features. Numerical simulation results on vivo magnetic resonance images demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the original PBDW in terms of removing artifacts and preserving edges.     

组合利用统计和结构信息的道路提取算法

提出了一种组合利用统计和结构信息从遥感图像中提取道路的算法,这个算法包括三个处理步骤,利用道路的多种局部统计特性获得道路基元与道路段,以及利用能量函数提取道路边沿,在检测道路基元时,用统计分析来表达道路的结构信息,避免了提取线段来表达,增强了抗噪性与稳健性;在检测和拟合道路边沿时,能量函数中的参数由前面的运算结果确定,使算法具有自适应能力。     

Online data quality monitoring system at BESⅢ

The online Data Quality Monitoring (DQM) tool plays an important role in the data recording process of HEP experiments. The BESⅢ DQM collects data from the online data flow, reconstructs them with offline reconstruction software and automatically analyzes the reconstructed data with user-defined algorithms. The DQM software is a scalable distributed system. The monitored results are gathered and displayed in various formats, which provides the shifter with current run information that can be used to identify problems quickly. This paper gives an overview of the DQM system at BESⅢ.     

基于改进基追踪去噪的水声单载波频域均衡信道估计

针对低信噪比下单载波频域均衡信道估计精度低导致均衡效果差的问题,利用基追踪去噪方法估计稀疏信道有效抽头具有的稳定特性,提出了一种在平稳水声信道条件下单载波频域均衡系统中应用的改进基追踪去噪稀疏信道估计方法。方法利用延拓循环前缀作为导频进行多次信道估计,将估计结果累积平均,再采用门限判决提取有效抽头得到信道估计值,从而提高了稀疏信道的估计精度。通过合理选择循环前缀延拓次数,尽可能地降低导频长度对频带利用率的影响。仿真对比分析了改进基追踪去噪算法与匹配滤波、最小平方以及传统基追踪去噪信道估计算法的性能以及对单载波频域均衡系统误码率的影响。仿真实验结果表明,改进基追踪去噪信道估计算法具有更优的估计精度,在单载波频域均衡系统中可以提高约3 dB的接收信噪比增益。