提高焊膏印刷质量的工艺改进

焊膏印刷作为SMT工艺的第一步，其质量好坏对SMT工艺有着重要影响。文章通过对焊膏成分、特性的分析，讨论了印刷中各种工艺参数的正确选择；对焊膏印刷中容易出现的质量问题进行了详细分析，指出了产生问题的原因，提出了改进措施。     

印制板的绿油制作及控制（上）

本文对印制板采用丝网印刷制作液态感光成形绿油进行了简单介绍，对多种绿油制程的工艺过程和品质控制进行了较为详细的论述。     

BGA封装技术研究

介绍了 BGA技术的研究现状 ,着重从芯片互连、基板材料及封装设计等方面讨论了该技术的发展前景。     

Comparison of in-situ measurement techniques of solder joint reliability under thermo-mechanical stresses

Thermo Mechanical Cycle Lifetime (TMCL) test is a widely used test methodology for evaluating the reliability of solder joints in the microelectronics industry. The commonly used measurement techniques to monitor solder joint failures during the TMCL test are either event detector or data logger. In this study, TMCL test has been carried out on the same devices in parallel with both measurement techniques. The pros and cons of both techniques are compared. It is observed that the solder joint reliability results on the investigated samples by both techniques are comparable. The event detector can catch short intermittent events, while the data logger is able to capture the details of the solder joint degradation process. In applications for which performance is dependent on the transmission of signals with a frequency of several hundred megahertz or more, the event detector technique shall be used. In such cases the data logger technique may overestimate product lifetime. On the other hand, for some applications where the performance is less susceptible to intermittent solder joint interconnect interruption but more to the increase of the solder joint resistance, the data logger shall be used. In such cases the event detector technique may underestimate product lifetime. In conclusion depending on the end application of the device, the most suitable technique can be selected.     

LGA器件焊点缺陷分析及解决

文章针对LGA器件回流焊后常见的空洞和锡珠等缺陷,对其产生的原因进行了分析.通过对LGA器件采用预上锡回流工艺和印制板钢网一字架桥开口的方式,提升回流焊过程中焊膏中挥发气体的逸出,并通过对比试验,找到合适的预上锡钢网尺寸,解决了生产中LGA器件焊接常见的空洞大等缺陷.     

Evaluation of grinding methods for pellets preparation aiming at the analysis of plant materials by laser induced breakdown spectrometry

It has been demonstrated that laser induced breakdown spectrometry (LIBS) can be used as an alternative method for the determination of macro (P, K, Ca, Mg) and micronutrients (B, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn) in pellets of plant materials. However, information is required regarding the sample preparation for plant analysis by LIBS. In this work, methods involving cryogenic grinding and planetary ball milling were evaluated for leaves comminution before pellets preparation. The particle sizes were associated to chemical sample properties such as fiber and cellulose contents, as well as to pellets porosity and density. The pellets were ablated at 30 different sites by applying 25 laser pulses per site (Nd:YAG@1064 nm, 5 ns, 10 Hz, 25 J cm⁻²). The plasma emission collected by lenses was directed through an optical fiber towards a high resolution echelle spectrometer equipped with an ICCD. Delay time and integration time gate were fixed at 2.0 and 4.5 μs, respectively. Experiments carried out with pellets of sugarcane, orange tree and soy leaves showed a significant effect of the plant species for choosing the most appropriate grinding conditions. By using ball milling with agate materials, 20 min grinding for orange tree and soy, and 60 min for sugarcane leaves led to particle size distributions generally lower than 75 μm. Cryogenic grinding yielded similar particle size distributions after 10 min for orange tree, 20 min for soy and 30 min for sugarcane leaves. There was up to 50% emission signal enhancement on LIBS measurements for most elements by improving particle size distribution and consequently the pellet porosity.     

C/Ni(OH)2非对称电化学电容器正极改性研究

在C／KOH／Ni(OH)2型非对称电化学电容体系中,Ni(OH)2电极需具有快速发生电化学反应的能力与活性炭负极匹配。本文通过增加微集流体的掺杂比例．对活性物质进行球磨处理、固相掺杂碳纳米管等方法对正极进行改性研究。实验发现,增加正极微集流体的掺杂比例．可明显改善非对称电容大电流条件下的容量和循环性能;对正极活性物质进行球磨处理,有利于电极活性物质的转变．加快非对称电容的活化速度;在正极固相掺杂一定比例的碳纳米管可提高非对称电容的充放电效率和容量性质。     

Conducting moisture sensitive reactions under mechanochemical conditions

Dry organic solvents are used for various organic reactions that employ moisture sensitive reagents. The processes to dry these solvents are hazardous and costly. Setting up reactions in an open atmosphere while using moisture sensitive reagents has little to no effect on the rate or yield of the reaction under mechanochemical conditions. We believe this is partly due to the gaseous nature of the water vapor in the air compared to the dissolved water and oxygen in solution.     

Application of Ball Milling Technology to Carbohydrate Reactions: I. Regioselective Primary Hydroxyl Protection of Hexosides and Nucleoside by Planetary Ball Milling‡

Dry ball milling of hexosides with trityl chloride in the presence of DABCO or Na₂CO₃ has been found to result in their complete conversion to the respective 6‐O‐trityl ethers. Further wet grinding of the reaction mixture with Ac₂O in the presence of DMAP led to the respective fully protected hexosides in good to excellent yields after isolation. It has been found to be an effective one‐pot two‐step synthesis under solvent‐free condition. The speed of homogenization has been shown to highly influence the rate and outcome of the reaction, and commercially available planetary ball mill has been proved to be very convenient for carrying out the reaction under standardized and reproducible conditions.     

Ball Milling for Heterocyclic Compounds Synthesis in Green Chemistry: A Review

This review aims to present the application of ball milling for the synthesis ofdifferent heterocyclic compounds in very good yields. The method is a simple, economical, and ecofriendly process for synthesizing heterocycles, which is a large family of organic compounds. They are extremely important and have wide-ranging pharmaceutical and industrial applications.