全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5554篇 |
免费 | 1220篇 |
国内免费 | 748篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1308篇 |
晶体学 | 49篇 |
力学 | 90篇 |
综合类 | 16篇 |
数学 | 240篇 |
物理学 | 2628篇 |
无线电 | 3191篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 16篇 |
2023年 | 76篇 |
2022年 | 128篇 |
2021年 | 188篇 |
2020年 | 149篇 |
2019年 | 130篇 |
2018年 | 158篇 |
2017年 | 241篇 |
2016年 | 241篇 |
2015年 | 304篇 |
2014年 | 384篇 |
2013年 | 389篇 |
2012年 | 430篇 |
2011年 | 439篇 |
2010年 | 355篇 |
2009年 | 328篇 |
2008年 | 416篇 |
2007年 | 417篇 |
2006年 | 408篇 |
2005年 | 333篇 |
2004年 | 284篇 |
2003年 | 265篇 |
2002年 | 216篇 |
2001年 | 203篇 |
2000年 | 173篇 |
1999年 | 125篇 |
1998年 | 113篇 |
1997年 | 104篇 |
1996年 | 104篇 |
1995年 | 59篇 |
1994年 | 72篇 |
1993年 | 49篇 |
1992年 | 44篇 |
1991年 | 33篇 |
1990年 | 20篇 |
1989年 | 32篇 |
1988年 | 21篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 14篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
1959年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有7522条查询结果,搜索用时 881 毫秒
21.
Bakul C. Dave Xiankui Hu Yogeeswari Devaraj Shirshak K. Dhali 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2004,32(1-3):143-147
There is a current need for alternative coatings that can provide corrosion resistance to metals or alloy surfaces due to the environmental hazards posed by conventional coatings. Herein, we report on novel organically-modified sol–gel coatings for the protection of metal and alloy surfaces. The basic concept of chemical conversion of metal surfaces is based on deposition of a hydrophobic, nonporous sol–gel barrier layer for surface protection and corrosion prevention. The properties of these organosilica coatings can be tuned by varying the composition of precursors. The evaluation of hydrophobicity, adhesive strength, and anticorrosion properties of organically-modified sol–gel derived coatings suggests their potential utility as technologically-compatible alternatives to conventional coatings. 相似文献
22.
研究了软X射线能谱仪探测道系统(系统包括X射线二极管(XRD)、SUJ-50-10电缆和不同频带示波器)的响应时间。实验利用上海激光联合实验室的20TW激光器激光(激光能量约20J,脉冲宽度约1ps)打金箔靶产生的X光,用XRD探测系统测量,记录示波器有TK684C,TK694C和WM8500等。将实验数据进行了线性拟合和比对分析。滤片XRD探测系统的响应时间随偏压升高而加快,随传输电缆长度的增加而变慢,因此测量快信号过程时,应提高探测器偏压,缩短传输电缆,选择宽频带高采样率示波器,以便减少系统的响应时间,减小信号失真程度。 相似文献
23.
24.
Chihiro J. Uchibori Y. Ohtani T. Oku Naoki Ono Masanori Murakami 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1997,26(4):410-414
Significant reduction of the contact resistance of In0.7Ga0.3As/Ni/W contacts (which were previously developed by sputtering in our laboratory) was achieved by depositing a W2N barrier layer between the Ni layer and W layer. The In0.7Ga0.3 As/Ni/W2N/W contact prepared by the radio-frequency sputtering technique showed the lowest contact resistance of 0.2 Ωmm after annealing
at 550°C for 10 s. This contact also provided a smooth surface, good reproducibility, and excellent thermal stability at 400°C.
The polycrystalline W2N layer was found to suppress the In diffusion to the contact surface, leading to improvement of the surface morphology and
an increase in the total area of the InxGa−As between metal and the GaAs substrate. These improvements are believed to reduce the contact resistance. 相似文献
25.
Kurt M. Anstreicher 《Mathematical Programming》1997,76(1):245-263
We consider the construction of small step path following algorithms using volumetric, and mixed volumetric-logarithmic, barriers.
We establish quadratic convergence of a volumetric centering measure using pure Newton steps, enabling us to use relatively
standard proof techniques for several subsequently needed results. Using a mixed volumetric-logarithmic barrier we obtain
an O(n
1/4
m
1/4
L) iteration algorithm for linear programs withn variables andm inequality constraints, providing an alternative derivation for results first obtained by Vaidya and Atkinson. In addition,
we show that the same iteration complexity can be attained while holding the work per iteration to O(n
2
m), as opposed to O(nm
2), operations, by avoiding use of the true Hessian of the volumetric barrier. Our analysis also provides a simplified proof
of self-concordancy of the volumetric and mixed volumetric-logarithmic barriers, originally due to Nesterov and Nemirovskii.
This paper was first presented at the 1994 Faculty Research Seminar “Optimization in Theory and Practice”, at the University
of Iowa Center for Advanced Studies. 相似文献
26.
27.
The GaSb layers investigated were grown directly on GaAs substrates by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) using SnTe source as the
n-type dopant. By using admittance spectroscopy, a dominant deep level with the activation energy of 0.23-0.26 eV was observed
and its concentration was affected by the Sb4/Ga flux ratio in the MBE growth. A lowest deep-level concentration together with a highest mobility was obtained for GaSb
grown at 550°C under a Sb4/Ga beam equivalent pressure (BEP) ratio around 7, which should correspond to the lowest ratio to maintain a Sb-stabilized
surface reconstruction. In the Hall measurement, an analysis of the temperature-dependent mobility shows that the ionized
impurity concentration increases proportionally with the sample’s donor concentration, suggesting that the ionized impurity
was introduced by an SnTe source. In addition, optical properties of an undoped p-, a lightly and heavily SnTe-doped GaSb
layers were studied by comparing their photoluminescence spectra at 4.5K. 相似文献
28.
K. Rßner M. Hümmer A. Benkert A. Forchel 《Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures》2005,30(1-2):159-163
We have successfully fabricated and characterized room temperature continuous wave (cw) GaInAsSb/AlGaAsSb distributed feedback lasers emitting in the wavelength region between 2.499 and 2.573 μm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the longest emission wavelength realized with a GaSb-based DFB laser diode. The laser structure used for DFB processing was grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy. A DFB concept requiring no subsequent overgrowth step was used by defining first-order Cr-Bragg gratings laterally patterned to a ridge waveguide. Threshold currents smaller than 60 mA and room temperature cw output powers up to 6.5 mW were obtained. The laser diodes show single mode emission with side mode suppression ratios (SMSR) of up to 32 dB. 相似文献
29.
As IC devices scale down to the submicron level, the resistance-capacitance (RC) time delays are the limitation to circuit
speed. A solution is to use low dielectric constant materials and low resistivity materials. In this work, the influence of
underlying barrier Ta on the electromigration (EM) of Cu on hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) and SiO2 substrates was investigated. The presence of a Ta barrier not only improves the adhesion between Cu and dielectrics, but
also enhances the crystallinity of Cu film and improves the Cu electromigration resistance. The activation energy obtained
suggests a grain boundary migration mechanism and the current exponent calculated indicates the Joule heating effect. 相似文献
30.