支持向量机复合核函数的高光谱显微成像木材树种分类

采用体视显微高光谱成像方法,构建木材树种分类识别模型。利用SOC710VP体视显微高光谱图像采集系统获取可见光/近红外（372.53～1 038.57 nm）波段内的木材高光谱图像。首先,采用ENVI软件提取木材样本感兴趣区域（ROI）的平均光谱,分别采用连续投影算法（SPA）和竞争性自适应重加权算法(CARS)对光谱数据进行降维。再利用支持向量机（SVM）分别建立木材样本采集波段和特征波长下的分类模型。然后,在空间维采用第一主成分图像,计算基于灰度共生矩阵（GLCM）的木材纹理特征。在0°,45°,90°和135°四个方向计算能量、熵、惯性矩、相关性等16个特征参数后输入SVM进行木材树种分类处理。最后,采用四个复合核函数SVM进行光谱维和空间维的特征融合及分类识别。20个树种的分类实验结果表明,CARS的特征波长选择效果和运行速度较好一些,采用普通SVM进行木材光谱维特征分类处理时,测试集分类准确率达到了92.166 7%。采用基于GLCM的木材空间维纹理特征时,采用普通SVM的测试集分类准确率是60.333 0%,具有较低的分类精度。在将光谱维和空间维纹理特征进行数据融合及分类处理时,采用复合核函数SVM分类具有更好的效果。采用第二个复合核函数的SVM分类精度最高,测试集分类正确率是94.166 7%,运行时间为0.254 7 s。另外,采用第一个和第三个复合核函数的SVM的测试集分类准确率分别是93.333 3%和92.610 0%,运行时间分别为0.180 0和0.260 2 s。可以看出,采用这3种复合核函数的SVM进行木材树种分类,分类精度都高于采用普通SVM的光谱维或者空间维的分类识别精度。因此,利用体视显微高光谱成像和复合核函数SVM可以提高木材树种分类精度,为木材树种快速分类提供了参考。     

基于PCA-PSO-SVM的球磨机负荷预测研究

球磨机是磨矿生产中的主要设备,但其运行时的内部负荷无法被直接检测,因此难以对负荷进行实时有效地控制,导致磨矿效率受到影响.针对此问题,文中通过磨矿实验采集球磨机磨音信号,对信号进行Welch功率谱分析,研究了磨音频谱信息与球磨机负荷之间的关系.利用PCA对功率谱进行特征提取,为球磨机负荷预测提供外部特征信息.然后,采用...     

基于SVM方法的赤潮生物优势种航空高光谱识别

赤潮生物优势种的航空高光谱识别可为快速鉴别赤潮及其毒性提供技术基础,为赤潮灾害程度的定级提供支持。文章提出了基于支持向量机(SVM)的赤潮生物优势种航空高光谱识别模型,并以2001年7月16日,2001年8月19日和8月25日的赤潮高光谱数据为例,开展了识别模型的实验应用。识别结果表明：在参考光谱具有较大动态范围的前提下,发展的赤潮生物优势种航空高光谱识别模型不仅能够获得较高的分类精度,而且不受高光谱数据维数高的限制。     

Two-Dimensional Solution Surface for Weighted Support Vector Machines

The support vector machine (SVM) is a popular learning method for binary classification. Standard SVMs treat all the data points equally, but in some practical problems it is more natural to assign different weights to observations from different classes. This leads to a broader class of learning, the so-called weighted SVMs (WSVMs), and one of their important applications is to estimate class probabilities besides learning the classification boundary. There are two parameters associated with the WSVM optimization problem: one is the regularization parameter and the other is the weight parameter. In this article, we first establish that the WSVM solutions are jointly piecewise-linear with respect to both the regularization and weight parameter. We then develop a state-of-the-art algorithm that can compute the entire trajectory of the WSVM solutions for every pair of the regularization parameter and the weight parameter at a feasible computational cost. The derived two-dimensional solution surface provides theoretical insight on the behavior of the WSVM solutions. Numerically, the algorithm can greatly facilitate the implementation of the WSVM and automate the selection process of the optimal regularization parameter. We illustrate the new algorithm on various examples. This article has online supplementary materials.     

Variable Selection via A Combination of the L0 and L1 Penalties

Variable selection is an important aspect of high-dimensional statistical modeling, particularly in regression and classification. In the regularization framework, various penalty functions are used to perform variable selection by putting relatively large penalties on small coefficients. The L₁ penalty is a popular choice because of its convexity, but it produces biased estimates for the large coefficients. The L₀ penalty is attractive for variable selection because it directly penalizes the number of non zero coefficients. However, the optimization involved is discontinuous and non convex, and therefore it is very challenging to implement. Moreover, its solution may not be stable. In this article, we propose a new penalty that combines the L₀ and L₁ penalties. We implement this new penalty by developing a global optimization algorithm using mixed integer programming (MIP). We compare this combined penalty with several other penalties via simulated examples as well as real applications. The results show that the new penalty outperforms both the L₀ and L₁ penalties in terms of variable selection while maintaining good prediction accuracy.     

基于最小二乘支持向量机的移动机器人导航

针对未知环境下的移动机器人导航,提出将最小二乘支持向量机与强化学习相结合的导航方法。首先以移动机器人CASIA-I和它的工作环境为实验平台,确定出强化学习的回报函数;然后利用基于滚动窗的最小支持向量机解决强化学习中的泛化问题。最后对所提方法进行了实验,实验结果表明所提方法能够避免导航陷入局部极小,并对未知环境具有较强的适应性。     

A video steganalytic algorithm against motion-vector-based steganography

Steganalysis is the art of detecting the information hidden in the media using steganography. In this paper, a steganalytic method is proposed to detect information hidden in the motion vectors of video bit-streams. Based on the statistical analysis of relative properties, the feature classification technique is adopted to determine the existence of hidden messages. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used as the discriminator. The experimental results show that the proposed method can detect the hidden data effectively in motion-vector-based steganography algorithms.     

基于一种混合核函数的支持向量机聚类

在支持向量聚类中,采用单个核函数的支持向量机具有很大局限性,为了得到学习能力和泛化能力都很强的核函数,采用了一种新的混合核函数。将该混合核函数应用于支持向量聚类运算中,并且与普通核函数构造的支持向量机的实验结果进行了对比。结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

基于Gabor滤波器和ICA技术的SAR目标识别算法

提出了一种基于Gabor滤波器和独立分量分析(ICA)技术对合成孔径雷达(SAR)目标识别的算法.该方法提取预处理后SAR图像的低频子带图像,利用Gabor滤波器组对该低频子带图像在不同方向和尺度上滤波,再用主成分分析(PCA)+ICA方法对Gabor滤波后图像提取有效特征向量作为目标识别特征,最后用支持向量机(SVM)对该特征进行分类完成目标识别.使用MSTAR数据库中3类SAR目标数据对该方法进行目标识别的仿真实验,平均识别率最高可达96.56%.通过与其他识别方法对比实验,验证了文中方法的有效性.