扫描隧道显微镜研究石墨表面的莫尔图

Moir patterns on HOPG were studied with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The results reveal that the observed Moiré patterms originate from the defects locating several layers below the surface ,which presents the first experimental evidence supporting the prediction that in HOPG the nanoscale electronic waves can propagate through several layers without obvious decay.     

STM针尖诱导构筑-置换两步法制备Pt表面纳米结构

STM“Jump-to-contact”针尖诱导表面纳米构筑是目前水溶液中具有最高分辨率的一种表面纳米构筑技术.然而,一些金属因其具有较高的内聚能而难以发生针尖原子向表面的转移,限制了该技术的广泛应用.本文建立了以STM构筑-置换两步法获得不能直接利用“Jump-to-contact”原理进行构筑的金属表面纳米团簇阵列,利用STM针尖“Jump-to-contact”诱导在Au(111)表面构筑Cu纳米团簇阵列,然后通过Pt-Cu置换的方法,制备出Au(111)表面的Pt纳米团簇阵列.     

基于修正ANT逻辑高速树形32 Bit Carry Lookahead加法器

一种用修正全NMOS管逻辑（ANT）实现的树形结构高速32bit carry Lookahead加法器,使用两相时钟动态CMOS逻辑、修正不反向ANT逻辑和二进制树形结构实现。该加法器运用0．25μm工艺,文中给出了修正ANT逻辑中所有晶体管的宽长尺寸和仿真结果,最高工作频率为2GHz。计算结果在3．5个时钟周期后有效。     

相位可控的核四极矩共振激励脉冲发生器设计

在核四极矩共振（NQR）领域,射频激励脉冲信号的优劣对NQR响应信号有重要影响.针对常规方法中射频激励脉冲参数不可控的问题,本文基于32位闪存微型控制器STM32和直接数字频率合成（DDS）芯片AD9910设计了一种相位可控激励脉冲发生器.采用STM32控制AD9910产生波形参数（脉冲宽度、脉冲间隔、脉冲个数和共振频率等）可控的射频激励脉冲,利用LabVIEW软件平台设计脉冲参数设置界面,并建立计算机与微控制器通信,实现波形参数的精确优化控制.实验结果表明,该方法实现了相位可控的NQR激励脉冲序列,可为后续NQR信号检测提供有效激励源.     

巢湖、龙感湖水体中稀土元素的无机形态研究

运用MINTEQ化学平衡软件对巢湖、龙感湖中溶解态稀土的形态进行模拟。模拟结果表明，在巢湖和龙感湖中Ln（CO3）^2-，LnCO3^＋是溶解态稀土的最主要的存在形式，当8pH〉7．19时，REE主要以LnCO3^＋形式存在，当pH〉8时，REE主要以Ln（CO3）2^-形式存在，并且∑Ln（CO3）n^3-2n（n=1和2）形态的稀土基本上占溶解态稀土总含量的93％以上。Ln^3＋在巢湖和龙感湖水体中平均丰度为5．03％，Ln^3＋的丰度和pH值成反相关关系。LnPO4在湖水中平均丰度为1．61％，但这种形式的稀土在巢湖和龙感湖中非常重要。巢湖和龙感湖中LREE的LnPO4均处于过饱和状态，甚至巢湖西半湖区丰水期HREE的LnPO4的也都处于过饱和状态，PO4^3＋对稀土的存在有很强的限制作用。InSO4，LnF^2＋，LnOH^2＋，LnCl^3＋等形态的各元素平均丰度均小于1％，在富营养化的淡水中通常可以忽略不计。     

C60离子束撞击固体表面的坍塌与沉积(II)扫描隧道显微研究

Mass-selected C60 beam produced by laser ablation was accelerated and bombarded the (0001) surface of highly oriented pyrolitic graphite and (111) surface of gold single crystal. The samples were characterized by STM. The STM images showed that, the deposited species collapsed and formed planar structure on the solid surface, but the collapsed species were not dissociated and well oriented on the surface. Both positive and negative C60 ions were observed in the desorption mass spectra, confirming that the species collapsed on the solid surface are still the C60 clusters.     

Predicting ion selectivity in water purification by capacitive deionization: Electric double layer models

Ion-selective water treatment is needed to address emerging problems in an energy- and cost-efficient manner. Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a membraneless water treatment technology, which relies on storing ions in charged electric double layers (EDLs) of micropores. CDI has shown remarkable selectivity, with local density approximations (LDAs) showing some success in guiding selective separations. However, many underlying processes are represented by lumped fitting parameters in LDA models, hindering further progress. Atomistic models help unravel selectivity mechanisms, but are difficult to integrate with cell-level CDI theory. Here, we review and extend LDA models for CDI, highlight a knowledge gap in connecting between LDA and atomistic models for CDI, and emphasize and build upon analogies between micropore EDLs and nanofiltration membranes.     

Quantification of particle-bubble interactions using atomic force microscopy: A review

The attachment of particles to bubbles in solution is of fundamental importance to several industrial processes, most notably in the process of froth flotation. During this process hydrophobic particles attach to air bubbles in solution, which allows them to be separated as froth at the surface. The addition of chemicals can help to modulate these interactions to increase the yield of the minerals of interest. Over the past decade the atomic force microscope (AFM) has been adapted for use in studying the forces involved in the attachment of single particles to bubbles in the laboratory. This allows the measurement of actual DLVO (Derjaguin, Landau, Vervey and Overbeek) forces and adhesive contacts to be measured under different conditions. In addition contact angles may be calculated from features of force versus distance curves. It is the purpose of this article to illustrate how the colloid probe technique can be used to make single particle-bubble interactions and to summarise the current literature describing such experiments.     

分子印迹固相萃取-电化学发光检测牛奶中氯霉素

基于氯霉素(CAP)能强烈抑制Ru(bpy)32+/TPA体系的电化学发光(ECL)信号,结合分子印迹固相萃取(MISPE)样品前处理技术,建立了一种高灵敏度检测牛奶中CAP残留量的方法。在最优实验条件下,体系的ECL猝灭值ΔI与CAP浓度呈良好线性关系,线性范围为1.0×10-13～1.0×10-11g/mL,检测限为3×10-12g/mL,精密度和准确度好,可用于牛奶中CAP残留量的测定。     

Fe(phen)32+与DNA作用的荧光光度法研究

为了考察金属配合物Fe(phen)32+与DNA 的作用模式, 应用荧光光度法对Fe(phen)32+与DNA及DNA-EB的作用进行了研究,结果表明Fe(phen)32+是主要以共轭平面插入形式与DNA作用的, 并计算出稳定常数等一系列热力学数据.